本篇技术实现主要是运行是代理,不涉及到插桩技术,不引入插件,对业务影响点最小
view有个setAccessibilityDelegate方法可以通过自定义一个全局的AccessibilityDelegate对象来监听view的点击事件
object EventTrackerAccessibilityDelegate : View.AccessibilityDelegate() {
override fun sendAccessibilityEvent(host: View?, eventType: Int) {
super.sendAccessibilityEvent(host, eventType)
if (eventType == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED) {
host?.let {
// 统一做埋点
}
}
}
}
通过给每个View设置上述单例对象,这样每当View被点击时,View.performClick内部就会触发上述方法。这样就能够拦截view的点击事件,而不用修改业务层代码。
解决这个问题,就得拦截到app中view的创建。我们先要对Android中View的创建流程需要明白,对于android中的view创建,我们先从AppCompatActivity.onCreate方法入手
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
final AppCompatDelegate delegate = getDelegate();
delegate.installViewFactory(); //重点
delegate.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
我们重点看installViewFactory方法,delegate返回的实际类型为AppCompatDelegateImpl,它继承了AppCompatDelegate抽象类
// AppCompatDelegateImpl.java
@Override
public void installViewFactory() {
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
if (layoutInflater.getFactory() == null) {
LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(layoutInflater, this);
} else {
if (!(layoutInflater.getFactory2() instanceof AppCompatDelegateImpl)) {
Log.i(TAG, "The Activity's LayoutInflater already has a Factory installed"
+ " so we can not install AppCompat's");
}
}
}
这里面可以看到内部调用了LayoutInflaterCompat**.setFactory2方法,第二个参数传入了this;其实可以理解view的创建托管给了AppCompatDelegateImpl.onCreateView了;我们继续看onCreateView**内部做了什么
public View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,
@NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {
if (mAppCompatViewInflater == null) {
TypedArray a = mContext.obtainStyledAttributes(R.styleable.AppCompatTheme);
String viewInflaterClassName =
a.getString(R.styleable.AppCompatTheme_viewInflaterClass);
// 读取当前活动theme中是否声明了viewInflaterClass属性,
// 如果没有就创建一个AppCompatViewInflater对象,否则使用自定义属性对象
if ((viewInflaterClassName == null)
|| AppCompatViewInflater.class.getName().equals(viewInflaterClassName)) {
// Either default class name or set explicitly to null. In both cases
// create the base inflater (no reflection)
mAppCompatViewInflater = new AppCompatViewInflater();
} else {
try {
Class<?> viewInflaterClass = Class.forName(viewInflaterClassName);
mAppCompatViewInflater =
(AppCompatViewInflater) viewInflaterClass.getDeclaredConstructor()
.newInstance();
} catch (Throwable t) {
Log.i(TAG, "Failed to instantiate custom view inflater "
+ viewInflaterClassName + ". Falling back to default.", t);
mAppCompatViewInflater = new AppCompatViewInflater();
}
}
}
...
// 返回view
return mAppCompatViewInflater.createView(parent, name, context, attrs, inheritContext,
IS_PRE_LOLLIPOP, /* Only read android:theme pre-L (L+ handles this anyway) */
true, /* Read read app:theme as a fallback at all times for legacy reasons */
VectorEnabledTintResources.shouldBeUsed() /* Only tint wrap the context if enabled */
);
}
从上述代码可以看到负责view的创建的其实是mAppCompatViewInflater对象;思路来了,我们可以通过自定义主题样式中viewInflaterClass属性,来接管view的创建
Style.xml中添加配置
<style name="AppTheme" parent="AppThemeBase" >
...
- "viewInflaterClass"
>com.dbs.module.framework.event.tracker.DBSAppCompatViewInflater
style>
view创建
@Keep
class DBSAppCompatViewInflater : AppCompatViewInflater() {
private val mViewCreateHelper by lazy { ViewCreateHelper() }
override fun createView(context: Context?, name: String?, attrs: AttributeSet?): View? {
return when (name) {
try {
mViewCreateHelper.createViewFromTag(context, name, attrs)
} catch (e: Exception) {
// noNeed throw exception, just return null
null
}
}
}
}
ViewCreateHelper主要是通过全路径名以反射形式创建view;你可以参考AppCompatViewInflater类中实现
DBSAppCompatViewInflater方法我们实现了自定义view的方法;(但它只是view创建的一部分,所以此处没有对view设置EventTrackerAccessibilityDelegate),外部调用的只是AppCompatViewInflater.createView;
所以为了拦截所有view的创建,我们需要对activity中getDelagate方法做包装; 有人可能会想能不能自定义Delegate,自己实现AppCompatDelegate抽象类吗?;答案是不行(抽象类中声明了私有方法,子类直接继承编译报错)也不建议这样做,自定义类去做需要实现许多方法,稳定性太差;能不能直接继承AppCompatDelegateImpl类呢?答案也是不行
@RestrictTo(LIBRARY)
class AppCompatDelegateImpl extends AppCompatDelegate
implements MenuBuilder.Callback, LayoutInflater.Factory2 {
}
从源码可以看出compat包中对AppCompatDelegateImpl类做了限制,只能用在那个库中LIBRARY中使用
Restrict usage to code within the same library (e.g. the same gradle group ID and artifact ID).
所以我们只能对Delegate增加一层包装,delegate现在已经拥有创建view的能力,我们只要在install之前对LayoutInflater设置Factory2中方法,在方法中直接引用delegate对象创建view就可以了;
实现一个LayoutIInflater.Factory2接口
class AppLayoutInflaterFactory2Proxy(private val delegate: AppCompatDelegate)
: LayoutInflater.Factory2 {
override fun onCreateView(parent: View?, name: String?, context: Context?, attrs: AttributeSet): View? {
context ?: return null
delegate.createView(parent, name, context, attrs)?.apply {
// 无痕埋点启用,则绑定,否则不做处理
if (EventAutoTrackerCfg.enable) {
if (ViewCompat.getAccessibilityDelegate(this) == null) {
accessibilityDelegate = EventTrackerAccessibilityDelegate
}
}
}
}
override fun onCreateView(name: String?, context: Context?, attrs: AttributeSet): View? {
return onCreateView(null, name, context, attrs)
}
}
Activity基类中复写getDelegate方法
override fun getDelegate(): AppCompatDelegate {
val delegate = super.getDelegate()
try {
val inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this)
// avoid throw exception when invoking method multiple times
if (inflater.factory == null) {
LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(inflater, MKAppLayoutInflaterFactory2Proxy(delegate) )
}
} catch (e: Exception) {
// do nothing
}
return delegate
}
这样整个无痕埋点技术实现方案已经完成了
优化技术实现方案:可以通过插桩方式修改viewInflaterClassName的值,对于我们自己业务类(通过context判断)设置我们自定义的InflaterClassName,第三方sdk可以控制保持不变