2018-11-16

加州惨烈大火,“天堂”变灰烬

近日,美国加州多地燃起山火,从北部到南部都有多处山火蔓延。据报道,发生在洛杉矶西部的“Woolsey Fire”摧毁了435处建筑,南加州马里布海岸附近居住的20万人流离失所。旧金山北部的“Camp Fire”则因损毁7100所房屋建筑,造成该地区损失价值最高,伤亡人数最大,从而成为加州历史上最有破坏性的大火。目前,一支由百余人组成的搜救队伍抵达加州山火灾区,援助当地法医带头组织的13支队伍。此外,当地已经向美国军方申请了从人员到设备的多项援助。

受灾最严重的是天堂镇。在天堂镇,大火将人们的房屋、庄稼全都烧成了平地,逃亡的人们甚至不敢回首自己的家园。“满目疮痍、遍地废墟”这样的词语都不足以形容场面的惨烈,往日的“天堂小镇”,如今成为了真正的“失乐园”。目前,针对这次大火起因的调查已经开始。

希望受灾的人们能坚强起来,灾难固然可怕,可晴天不会遥远。

本篇课程首发于2018年11月16日,选自 The New York Times

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A Search in Fire-Ravaged California for What No One Wants to Find

① It is a measure of how frequent and deadly wildfires have become in California that identifying badly burned remains has become an area of expertise.

② Once again cadaver dogs have been summoned, forensic dental experts will follow and coroners and anthropologists are using their experience from previous wildfires to locate the victims.

③ At least 48 people were killed in the Camp Fire, the deadliest wildfire in California history, and many more are missing.

④ Under mandatory evacuation since the fire, Paradise is now emptied of its residents.

⑤ It's just one of the places where two major fires have ravaged entire communities up and down the state.

⑥ The Camp Fire, which still burns in the hills and gullies around Paradise, is only 35 percent contained.

⑦ In Southern California, firefighters continued to battle the Woolsey Fire, which is threatening 57,000 buildings west of Los Angeles and has already destroyed hundreds of houses in Malibu and surrounding areas.

▍生词好句

ravage /ˈrævɪdʒ/: vt. 毁坏;摧残

fire-ravaged: 被大火摧残的

measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/: n. 衡量;评估

wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə/: n. 野火

identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/: vt. 确认……的身份

remain /rɪˈmeɪn/: n. 遗体;残骸

expertise /ˌekspɜːˈtiːz/: n. 专业知识;专业技能

area of expertise: 专业领域

cadaver dog: 寻尸犬

cadaver /kəˈdævə(r)/: n. 尸体(医学、法律术语)

summon /ˈsʌmən/: vt. 召唤;传唤;呼叫

forensic /fəˈrensɪk/: adj. 适于法庭的

forensic dental expert: 牙齿鉴定专家

coroner /ˈkɒrənə, ˈkɔːrənər/: n. 法医;验尸官

anthropologist /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst/: n. 人类学家

locate /ləʊˈkeɪt, ˈloʊkeɪt/: vt. 确认……的位置;定位

Camp Fire: 刊普大火(也可译为坎普大火)

missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/: adj. 失踪的

mandatory /ˈmændətəri/: adj. 强制的

evacuation /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/: n. 撤离;疏散

be emptied of: 被清空

up and down: 上上下下;到处

gully /ˈɡʌli/: n. 溪谷

contain /kənˈteɪn/: vt. 控制;遏制;牵制

firefighter /ˈfaɪəˌfaɪtə/: n. 消防员

Woolsey Fire: 伍尔西大火

surrounding /səˈraʊndɪŋ/: adj. 附近的

▍词汇拓展

1. ravage: vt. 毁坏;摧残

· devastate: vt. 摧毁

· destroy: vt. 破坏

2. measure: n. 衡量;评估

· it is a measure of A that B (从句): B 可以作为衡量 A 的一个标准

3. cadaver: n. 尸体(医学、法律术语)

· corpse: n. 尸体

· dead body: 尸体

4. summon: vt. 召唤;传唤;呼叫

· summoned by the court: 被法庭传唤

· summon a/the doctor: 呼叫医生

· summon up: 唤起;鼓起

· summon up memories/courage: 唤起记忆/鼓起勇气

5. evacuation: n. 撤离;疏散

· evacuate: vt. 疏散;撤退

· evacuate a building: 从大厦撤离

6. wildland-urban interface areas: 野外城市交互区

7. contain: vt. 控制;遏制;牵制

· contain the fire: 控制火情

· contain one's anger/enthusiasm: 控制某人的愤怒/激动之情

· contain China's rise: 遏制中国的崛起

· policy of containment: 遏制政策

▍责任编辑

李秋健、陈鑫悦、章晓丹


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