CocoaPods-安装、更新、报错等使用总结

CocoaPods-安装、更新、报错等使用总结

CocoaPods简介:

CocoaPods是一个用Ruby写的、负责管理iOS项目中第三方开源库的工具，CocoaPods能让我们集中的、统一管理第三方开源库，为我们节省设置和更新第三方开源库的时间。

CocoaPods安装:

因为Mac电脑自带Ruby环境，我们就只需打开终端开始动手。然而又因为默认情况下我们mac系统自带的Ruby环境版本比较低（大概是2.0.0或者其他较高版本），但是现在安装CocoaPods需要2.2.2版本及以上的，所以我们不管三七二十一先直接先升级ruby。

1. 更新Ruby

2. 安装CocoaPods：sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods：可能需要输入电脑密码：

   执行结果：

   Password:
   Fetching claide-1.0.3.gem
   Fetching CFPropertyList-3.0.4.gem
   Fetching atomos-0.1.3.gem
   Fetching xcodeproj-1.21.0.gem
   Fetching ruby-macho-2.5.1.gem
   Fetching nanaimo-0.3.0.gem
   Fetching colored2-3.1.2.gem
   Fetching nap-1.1.0.gem
   Fetching molinillo-0.8.0.gem
   Fetching gh_inspector-1.1.3.gem
   Fetching fourflusher-2.3.1.gem
   Fetching escape-0.0.4.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-try-1.2.0.gem
   Fetching netrc-0.11.0.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-trunk-1.6.0.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-search-1.0.1.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-plugins-1.0.0.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-downloader-1.5.1.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-deintegrate-1.0.5.gem
   Fetching ffi-1.15.4.gem
   Fetching ethon-0.15.0.gem
   Fetching typhoeus-1.4.0.gem
   Fetching public_suffix-4.0.6.gem
   Fetching fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem
   Fetching concurrent-ruby-1.1.9.gem
   Fetching httpclient-2.8.3.gem
   Fetching algoliasearch-1.27.5.gem
   Fetching addressable-2.8.0.gem
   Fetching zeitwerk-2.4.2.gem
   Fetching tzinfo-2.0.4.gem
   Fetching i18n-1.8.10.gem
   Fetching activesupport-6.1.4.1.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-1.11.2.gem
   Fetching cocoapods-core-1.11.2.gem
   Successfully installed nanaimo-0.3.0
   Successfully installed colored2-3.1.2
   Successfully installed claide-1.0.3
   ...
   ...
   ...
   Parsing documentation for activesupport-6.1.4.1
   Installing ri documentation for activesupport-6.1.4.1
   Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-1.11.2
   Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-1.11.2
   Parsing documentation for cocoapods-1.11.2
   Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.11.2
   Done installing documentation for nanaimo, colored2, claide, CFPropertyList, atomos, xcodeproj, ruby-macho, nap, molinillo, gh_inspector, fourflusher, escape, cocoapods-try, netrc, cocoapods-trunk, cocoapods-search, cocoapods-plugins, cocoapods-downloader, cocoapods-deintegrate, ffi, ethon, typhoeus, public_suffix, fuzzy_match, concurrent-ruby, httpclient, algoliasearch, addressable, zeitwerk, tzinfo, i18n, activesupport, cocoapods-core, cocoapods after 12 seconds
   34 gems installed
   

3. 如果安装了多个Xcode使用下面的命令选择（一般需要选择最近的Xcode版本）：sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer；

4. 安装本地库：pod setup：

   执行结果：

   Setting up CocoaPods master repo
     $ /usr/bin/git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git master --progress
     Cloning into 'master'...
     remote: Counting objects: 1879515, done.        
     remote: Compressing objects: 100% (321/321), done.        
     Receiving objects:  21% (404525/1879515), 73.70 MiB | 22.00 KiB/
   

然后就是漫长的等待，当然,网络好的情况下会更快。

说明：该步骤是安装本地库，不安装也没事，项目可以照常pod install。

只不过不安装的话就不能使用pod search 命令了；如果你追求完美那就继续往下看；

最新版的MacOS Catalina 及以后的系统命令行执行pod setup命令后直接结束啦；

需要手动安装本地库：

```
git clone https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git ~/.cocoapods/repos/trunk
```

目录结构见下图,如果不是就自己手动移动一下：
![1974693-c13a2a46bc31e2d0.png](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/2625770-e0fd8c469301562f.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)

CocoaPods版本升级

1. 执行命令：gem -v，查看当前RubyGems版本；

2. 执行命令：gem sources -l，查看RubyGems源，确保只有 gems.ruby-china.com；

   执行结果：

   *** CURRENT SOURCES ***
   
   https://gems.ruby-china.com
   

3. 执行命令：gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.com/ --remove https://rubygems.org/，修改RubyGems源：删除rubygems.org源，添加gems.ruby-china.com源；

4. 执行命令：gem update --system，如果需要管理员权限就执行：sudo gem update --system，更新RubyGems版本，可能需要翻墙；

5. 执行命令：pod --version，查看自己的CocoaPods版本号；

   执行结果：1.8.4；

6. 执行命令：sudo gem install cocoapods，安装或者更新CocoaPods；

7. 输入电脑登录密码；

   执行结果：

   .....
   .....
   Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-1.9.1
   Done installing documentation for ffi, ethon, typhoeus, cocoapods-core, xcodeproj, cocoapods after 33 seconds
   6 gems installed
   
   

8. 执行命令：pod --version，查看下CocoaPods版本号是否更新；

到此，CocoaPods升级完成了。

CocoaPods常用语法

// 安装最新版cocoapods
sudo gem install cocoapods --pre
// 移除本地master
sudo rm -fr ~/.cocoapods/repos/master
// 移除本地缓存
sudo rm -fr ~/Library/Caches/CocoaPods/
// 重新setup，如果很慢可使用问题1的解决方法（git clone）
pod setup --verbose
// 移除trunk
pod repo remove trunk
pod search AFNetworking
// 创建Podfile文件：
pod init
// 打开Podfile文件：
open Podfile
// 添加：
pod 'Alamofire'
// 开始下载：
pod install

CocoaPods错误处理

1. cocoapods-1.8.4版本错误：

   1. 错误内容：

      
      [!] CDN: trunk Repo update failed - 7 error(s):
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/1.3.5/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/2.4.1/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/2.4.11/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.0.6/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.1.0/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.1.12/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      CDN: trunk URL couldn't be downloaded: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CocoaPods/Specs/master/Specs/0/f/b/MJRefresh/3.1.15.3/MJRefresh.podspec.json, error: Failed to open TCP connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 (Connection refused - connect(2) for "raw.githubusercontent.com" port 443)
      
      

   2. 解决办法：终端运行：pod repo remove trunk；