MDC使用
- 添加拦截器
public class LogInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//如果有上层调用就用上层的ID
String traceId = request.getHeader(Constants.TRACE_ID);
if (traceId == null) {
traceId = TraceIdUtil.getTraceId();
}
MDC.put(Constants.TRACE_ID, traceId);
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView)
throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
MDC.remove(Constants.TRACE_ID);
}
}
- 修改日志格式
[TRACEID:%X{traceId}] %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{-1}.%M()/%L - %msg%xEx%n
重点是%X{traceId}，traceId和MDC中的键名称一致
MDC 存在的问题
- 子线程中打印日志丢失traceId
- HTTP调用丢失traceId
解决MDC存在的问题
- 子线程日志打印丢失traceId
子线程在打印日志的过程中traceId将丢失，解决方式为重写线程池，对于直接new创建线程的情况不考略【实际应用中应该避免这种用法】，重写线程池无非是对任务进行一次封装.
线程池封装类：ThreadPoolExecutorMdcWrapper.java
public class ThreadPoolExecutorMdcWrapper extends ThreadPoolExecutor {
public ThreadPoolExecutorMdcWrapper(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTime, TimeUnit unit,
BlockingQueue workQueue) {
super(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue);
}
public ThreadPoolExecutorMdcWrapper(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTime, TimeUnit unit,
BlockingQueue workQueue, ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
super(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue, threadFactory);
}
public ThreadPoolExecutorMdcWrapper(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTime, TimeUnit unit,
BlockingQueue workQueue, RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
super(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue, handler);
}
public ThreadPoolExecutorMdcWrapper(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTime, TimeUnit unit,
BlockingQueue workQueue, ThreadFactory threadFactory,
RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
super(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue, threadFactory, handler);
}
@Override
public void execute(Runnable task) {
super.execute(ThreadMdcUtil.wrap(task, MDC.getCopyOfContextMap()));
}
@Override
public Future submit(Runnable task, T result) {
return super.submit(ThreadMdcUtil.wrap(task, MDC.getCopyOfContextMap()), result);
}
@Override
public Future submit(Callable task) {
return super.submit(ThreadMdcUtil.wrap(task, MDC.getCopyOfContextMap()));
}
@Override
public Future submit(Runnable task) {
return super.submit(ThreadMdcUtil.wrap(task, MDC.getCopyOfContextMap()));
}
}
线程traceId封装工具类：ThreadMdcUtil.java
public class ThreadMdcUtil {
public static void setTraceIdIfAbsent() {
if (MDC.get(Constants.TRACE_ID) == null) {
MDC.put(Constants.TRACE_ID, TraceIdUtil.getTraceId());
}
}
public static Callable wrap(final Callable callable, final Map context) {
return () -> {
if (context == null) {
MDC.clear();
} else {
MDC.setContextMap(context);
}
setTraceIdIfAbsent();
try {
return callable.call();
} finally {
MDC.clear();
}
};
}
public static Runnable wrap(final Runnable runnable, final Map context) {
return () -> {
if (context == null) {
MDC.clear();
} else {
MDC.setContextMap(context);
}
setTraceIdIfAbsent();
try {
runnable.run();
} finally {
MDC.clear();
}
};
}
}
代码等同于以下写法，会更直观
public static Runnable wrap(final Runnable runnable, final Map context) {
return new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (context == null) {
MDC.clear();
} else {
MDC.setContextMap(context);
}
setTraceIdIfAbsent();
try {
runnable.run();
} finally {
MDC.clear();
}
}
};
}
重新返回的是包装后的Runnable，在该任务执行之前【runnable.run()】先将主线程的Map设置到当前线程中【 即MDC.setContextMap(context)】，这样子线程和主线程MDC对应的Map就是一样的了.
- HTTP调用丢失traceId
在使用HTTP调用第三方服务接口时traceId将丢失，需要对HTTP调用工具进行改造，在发送时在request header中添加traceId，在下层被调用方添加拦截器获取header中的traceId添加到MDC中
HTTP调用有多种方式，比较常见的有HttpClient、OKHttp、RestTemplate，所以只给出这几种HTTP调用的解决方式, 以okhttp为例：
- 实现OKHttp拦截器*
public class OkHttpTraceIdInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override
public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
String traceId = MDC.get(Constants.TRACE_ID);
Request request = null;
if (traceId != null) {
//添加请求体
request = chain.request().newBuilder().addHeader(Constants.TRACE_ID, traceId).build();
}
Response originResponse = chain.proceed(request);
return originResponse;
}
}
实现Interceptor拦截器，重写interceptor方法，实现逻辑和HttpClient差不多，如果能够获取到当前线程的traceId则向下透传.
为OkHttp添加拦截器
private static OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.addNetworkInterceptor(new OkHttpTraceIdInterceptor())
.build();
- 第三方服务拦截器
HTTP调用第三方服务接口全流程traceId需要第三方服务配合，第三方服务需要添加拦截器拿到request header中的traceId并添加到MDC中
public class LogInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//如果有上层调用就用上层的ID
String traceId = request.getHeader(Constants.TRACE_ID);
if (traceId == null) {
traceId = TraceIdUtils.getTraceId();
}
MDC.put("traceId", traceId);
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView)
throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
MDC.remove(Constants.TRACE_ID);
}
}
除了需要添加拦截器之外，还需要在日志格式中添加traceId的打印，如下：
[TRACEID:%X{traceId}] %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level %class{-1}.%M()/%L - %msg%xEx%n