1. 下载与查看镜像:
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker search alpine
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
alpine A minimal Docker image based on Alpine Linux… 4598 [OK]
mhart/alpine-node Minimal Node.js built on Alpine Linux 401
anapsix/alpine-java Oracle Java 8 (and 7) with GLIBC 2.28 over A… 368 [OK]
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spotify/alpine Alpine image with `bash` and `curl`. 5 [OK]
functions/alpine Alpine Linux / BusyBox with the OpenFaaS wat… 4
govuk/gemstash-alpine Gemstash server running on Alpine 3 [OK]
smartentry/alpine alpine with smartentry 0
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image pull alpine:3.8
3.8: Pulling from library/alpine
4fe2ade4980c: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:621c2f39f8133acb8e64023a94dbdf0d5ca81896102b9e57c0dc184cadaf5528
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:3.8
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.8 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls --no-trunc
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.8 sha256:196d12cf6ab19273823e700516e98eb1910b03b17840f9d5509f03858484d321 2 months ago 4.41MB
上述命令详细说明:
- docker search alpine
- 查看互联网远程仓库中的apine所有镜像。
- docker image ls
- 列出本地主机镜像
- Linux中的ls命令通用与Docker容器中
- docker image pull alpine:3.8
- 从互联网上的Registry仓库下载Docker镜像,必须确认,已设置Docker镜像加速,如阿里云的镜像加速。
- alpine:3.8 镜像格式说明:镜像名:标签
- 显示镜像时,显示各种属性的含义:
- REPOSITORY 镜像所属仓库
- TAG 镜像标签
- IMAGE ID 镜像ID(每个镜像都有一个标识符)
- CREATED 镜像创建时间
- SIZE 镜像大小
- docker image ls --no-trunc
- 这里显示完整image ID,如不加--no-trunc,则默认显示简写ID。
- docker image ls --digests
- 查看 image(镜像)的完整的哈希值:
2. 镜像文件的标签TAG
- 镜像文件可以不加标签,默认是最新版本,如:
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image pull alpine
Using default tag: latest # 不加标签的情况下,默认标签为:latest
latest: Pulling from library/alpine
Digest: sha256:621c2f39f8133acb8e64023a94dbdf0d5ca81896102b9e57c0dc184cadaf5528
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
#-----------------------------分割线-----------------------------
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.8 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
alpine latest 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
- 在上述案例中,可以看到镜像的ID(IMAGE ID);
- 表示这两个镜像文件其实是一个文件;
- 只是用两个标签显示,而且下载第二个文件时速度特别快;
- 这代表系统命令执行时,会扫码本地镜像文件,与互联网文件作对比,如果本地存在,只是做加标签处理。
- 如果下载镜像时不注明标签,则默认下载最新版。
- 最新版默认标签为:latest。
3. 删除镜像:
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image rm alpine:3.8
Untagged: alpine:3.8
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine latest 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image rm alpine:latest
Untagged: alpine:latest
Untagged: alpine@sha256:621c2f39f8133acb8e64023a94dbdf0d5ca81896102b9e57c0dc184cadaf5528
Deleted: sha256:196d12cf6ab19273823e700516e98eb1910b03b17840f9d5509f03858484d321
Deleted: sha256:df64d3292fd6194b7865d7326af5255db6d81e9df29f48adde61a918fbd8c332
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- 删除镜像时,加标签,则删除相应标签的镜像文件;
- 如果不加标签,默认删除标签为latest的镜像文件;
- 如果一个镜像文件有多个标签;
- 则删除最后一个标签时,才是真正删除了镜像文件,以前的删除只是删除了标签而已。
4. 镜像的详细信息(元数据)
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image pull alpine:3.8
3.8: Pulling from library/alpine
4fe2ade4980c: Already exists
Digest: sha256:621c2f39f8133acb8e64023a94dbdf0d5ca81896102b9e57c0dc184cadaf5528
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:3.8
#-----------------------------分割线-----------------------------
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image inspect alpine:3.8
[
{
"Id": "sha256:196d12cf6ab19273823e700516e98eb1910b03b17840f9d5509f03858484d321",
"RepoTags": [
"alpine:3.8"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"alpine@sha256:621c2f39f8133acb8e64023a94dbdf0d5ca81896102b9e57c0dc184cadaf5528"
],
#-----------------------------分割线,篇幅有限,中间已省略-----------------------------
上述命令详细说明
- docker image pull alpine:3.8
- inspect命令:显示镜像的详细信息(镜像的元数据)。
- 这里需要特别说明中间的一段代码:
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh",
"-c",
"#(nop) ",
"CMD [\"/bin/sh\"]"
],
- 这段代码表示:以这个镜像创建的容器,容器启动时默认启动的应用进程为/bin/sh。
5. Docker镜像命令的所有子命令
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls --digests
REPOSITORY TAG DIGEST IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.8 sha256:621c2f39f8133acb8e64023a94dbdf0d5ca81896102b9e57c0dc184cadaf5528 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls --help
Usage: docker image ls [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
List images
Aliases:
ls, images, list
Options:
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
--digests Show digests
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print images using a Go template
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only show numeric IDs
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[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image --help
Usage: docker image COMMAND
Manage images
Commands:
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
history Show the history of an image
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
inspect Display detailed information on one or more images
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
ls List images
prune Remove unused images
pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push Push an image or a repository to a registry
rm Remove one or more images
save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
Run 'docker image COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
- docker image ls --help
- 查看关于docker镜像命令中子命令ls的详细使用方法
- docker image --help
- 显示所有Docker镜像的所有子命令
6. Docker新版本与老版本命令对比
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.8 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
[root@centos_7_1]:[~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.8 196d12cf6ab1 2 months ago 4.41MB
- Docker镜像命令:
- 老版本:
- docker images
- 新版本:
- docker images
Docker分类---文章目录:
- docker images
- 老版本:
第一章 初识Docker | 点击此处
第二章 安装Docker以及简单配置 | 点击此处
第三章 Docker容器的生命周期 | 点击此处
第四章 Docker命令汇总 | 点击此处
第五章 Docker基础命令详解 | 点击此处
第六章 Docker---镜像的命令详解 | 点击此处
第七章 Docker---容器的命令详解 | 点击此处
第八章 Docker与Alpine不解之缘 | 点击此处
未完待续