想要用C语言实现通讯录的功能,基本上涵概了C语言入门的一些知识运用,如:指针、结构体、文件操作、动态内存管理等相关的知识;
实现一个简单的通讯录的基本功能:
1.添加联系人信息; 2.删除联系人信息; 3.查找联系人信息; 4.修改联系人信息; 5.显示联系人信息; 6.排序联系人信息; 7.保存联系人信息; 8.退出通讯录;
void menu()
{
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t****** 通讯录管理系统 ********\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 1.添加联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 2.删除联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 3.查找联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 4.修改联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 5.显示联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 6.排序联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 0.退出通讯录 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
}
enum
{
EXIT,
ADD,
DEL,
SEARCH,
MODIFY,
SHOW,
SORT
};
int main()
{
int input = 0;
struct Contact con;
InitContact(&con);//初始化通讯录
do
{
menu();
printf("请输入:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case ADD:
AddContact(&con);//添加联系人信息
break;
case DEL:
DelContact(&con);//删除联系人信息
break;
case SEARCH:
SearchContact(&con);//查找联系人信息
break;
case MODIFY:
ModifyContact(&con);//修改联系人信息
break;
case SHOW:
ShowContact(&con);//显示联系人信息
break;
case SORT:
SortContact(&con);//排序联系人信息
break;
case EXIT:
SaveContact(&con);//保存信息
DistroyContact(&con);//销毁通讯录信息
printf("退出通讯录\n");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误,请重新选择\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}
//扩充容量
void CheckContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == pc->capacity)
{
struct PeoInfo* ptr = (struct PeoInfo*)realloc(pc->data, (pc->capacity + 2) * sizeof(struct PeoInfo));
if (ptr != NULL)
{
pc->data = ptr;
pc->capacity += 2;
printf("扩容成功\n");
}
else
{
printf("扩容失败\n");
exit(1);
}
}
}
//初始化通讯录
void InitContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
pc->sz = 0;
pc->data = (struct PeoInfo*)malloc(DEFAULT_SZ * sizeof(struct PeoInfo));
pc->capacity = DEFAULT_SZ;
}
//添加联系人信息
void AddContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
CheckContact(pc);
printf("请输入联系人的姓名:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].name);
printf("请输入联系人的年龄:>");
scanf("%d", &pc->data[pc->sz].age);
printf("请输入联系人的性别:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].sex);
printf("请输入联系人的电话:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].tele);
printf("请输入联系人的住址:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].addr);
printf("添加成功\n");
pc->sz++;
}
//显示联系人信息
void ShowContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,显示失败!!!\n");
return;
}
int i = 0;
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n\n",
"姓名", "年龄", "性别", "电话", "住址");
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++)
{
printf("\t%15s\t%15d\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n",
pc->data[i].name,
pc->data[i].age,
pc->data[i].sex,
pc->data[i].tele,
pc->data[i].addr);
}
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
}
//删除联系人信息
int FindContactByName(const struct Contact* pc, char* name)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++)
{
if (strcmp(pc->data[i].name, name) == 0)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
void DelContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("联系人为空,操作失败\n");
return;
}
char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf("请输入要删除的联系人姓名:>");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("查找的联系人不存在!!!\n");
}
else
{
for (int i = pos; i < pc->sz - 1; i++)
{
pc->data[i] = pc->data[i + 1];
}
pc->sz--;
printf("删除成功\n");
}
}
//查找联系人信息
void SearchContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,查找失败!!!\n");
return;
}
char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf("请输入要查找的联系人的名字:>");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("联系人不存在!!!\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n\n",
"姓名", "年龄", "性别", "电话", "住址");
printf("\t%15s\t%15d\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n",
pc->data[pos].name,
pc->data[pos].age,
pc->data[pos].sex,
pc->data[pos].tele,
pc->data[pos].addr);
}
}
//修改联系人信息
void ModifyContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,查找失败!!!\n");
return;
}
char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf("请输入要修改的联系人姓名:>");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("联系人不存在!!!\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("请输入新的联系人姓名:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].name);
printf("请输入新的联系人年龄:>");
scanf("%d", &pc->data[pos].age);
printf("请输入新的联系人性别:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].sex);
printf("请输入新的联系人电话:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].tele);
printf("请输入新的联系人住址:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].addr);
}
printf("修改成功\n");
}
//排序联系人信息
void SortContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,无法排序!!!\n");
return;
}
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
struct PeoInfo tmp;
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz - 1; i++)
{
int flag = 1;
for (j = 0; j < pc->sz - i - 1; j++)
{
if (strcmp(pc->data[j].name, pc->data[j + 1].name) < 0)
{
tmp = pc->data[j];
pc->data[j] = pc->data[j + 1];
pc->data[j + 1] = tmp;
flag = 0;
}
}
if (flag == 1)
{
return;
}
}
printf("排序成功\n");
}
//加载有效信息到通讯录中
void LoadContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
FILE* pf = fopen("contact.txt", "rb");
if (pf == NULL)
{
perror("contact:fopen");
return;
}
struct PeoInfo tmp = { 0 };
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(struct PeoInfo), 1, pf))
{
CheckContact(pc);
pc->data[pc->sz] = tmp;
pc->sz++;
}
fclose(pf);
pf = NULL;
}
//保存信息
void SaveContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
//1.打开文件
FILE* pf = fopen("contact.txt", "wb");
if (pf == NULL)
{
perror("SaveContact:fopen");
return;
}
//2.写数据
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++)
{
fwrite(&(pc->data[i]), sizeof(struct PeoInfo), 1, pf);
}
//3.关闭文件
fclose(pf);
pf = NULL;
}
void menu()
{
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t****** 通讯录管理系统 ********\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 1.添加联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 2.删除联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 3.查找联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 4.修改联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 5.显示联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 6.排序联系人 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t* 0.退出通讯录 *\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
printf("\t\t\t\t************************************\n");
}
enum
{
EXIT,
ADD,
DEL,
SEARCH,
MODIFY,
SHOW,
SORT
};
int main()
{
int input = 0;
struct Contact con;
InitContact(&con);//初始化通讯录
do
{
menu();
printf("请输入:>");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case ADD:
AddContact(&con);//添加联系人信息
break;
case DEL:
DelContact(&con);//删除联系人信息
break;
case SEARCH:
SearchContact(&con);//查找联系人信息
break;
case MODIFY:
ModifyContact(&con);//修改联系人信息
break;
case SHOW:
ShowContact(&con);//显示联系人信息
break;
case SORT:
SortContact(&con);//排序联系人信息
break;
case EXIT:
SaveContact(&con);//保存信息
DistroyContact(&con);//销毁通讯录信息
printf("退出通讯录\n");
break;
default:
printf("选择错误,请重新选择\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}
#include "contact.h"
//扩充容量
void CheckContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == pc->capacity)
{
struct PeoInfo* ptr = (struct PeoInfo*)realloc(pc->data, (pc->capacity + 2) * sizeof(struct PeoInfo));
if (ptr != NULL)
{
pc->data = ptr;
pc->capacity += 2;
printf("扩容成功\n");
}
else
{
printf("扩容失败\n");
exit(1);
}
}
}
//加载有效信息到通讯录中
void LoadContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
FILE* pf = fopen("contact.txt", "rb");
if (pf == NULL)
{
perror("contact:fopen");
return;
}
struct PeoInfo tmp = { 0 };
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(struct PeoInfo), 1, pf))
{
CheckContact(pc);
pc->data[pc->sz] = tmp;
pc->sz++;
}
fclose(pf);
pf = NULL;
}
//初始化通讯录
void InitContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
pc->sz = 0;
pc->data = (struct PeoInfo*)malloc(DEFAULT_SZ * sizeof(struct PeoInfo));
pc->capacity = DEFAULT_SZ;
LoadContact(pc);//加载有效信息到通讯录中
}
//添加联系人信息
void AddContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
CheckContact(pc);
printf("请输入联系人的姓名:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].name);
printf("请输入联系人的年龄:>");
scanf("%d", &pc->data[pc->sz].age);
printf("请输入联系人的性别:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].sex);
printf("请输入联系人的电话:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].tele);
printf("请输入联系人的住址:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pc->sz].addr);
printf("添加成功\n");
pc->sz++;
}
//销毁通讯录
void DistroyContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
free(pc->data);
pc->data = NULL;
pc->sz = 0;
pc->capacity = 0;
}
//显示联系人信息
void ShowContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,显示失败!!!\n");
return;
}
int i = 0;
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n\n",
"姓名", "年龄", "性别", "电话", "住址");
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++)
{
printf("\t%15s\t%15d\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n",
pc->data[i].name,
pc->data[i].age,
pc->data[i].sex,
pc->data[i].tele,
pc->data[i].addr);
}
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("\t\t--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
}
//删除联系人信息
int FindContactByName(const struct Contact* pc, char* name)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++)
{
if (strcmp(pc->data[i].name, name) == 0)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
void DelContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("联系人为空,操作失败\n");
return;
}
char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf("请输入要删除的联系人姓名:>");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("查找的联系人不存在!!!\n");
}
else
{
for (int i = pos; i < pc->sz - 1; i++)
{
pc->data[i] = pc->data[i + 1];
}
pc->sz--;
printf("删除成功\n");
}
}
//查找联系人信息
void SearchContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,查找失败!!!\n");
return;
}
char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf("请输入要查找的联系人的名字:>");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("联系人不存在!!!\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n\n",
"姓名", "年龄", "性别", "电话", "住址");
printf("\t%15s\t%15d\t%15s\t%15s\t%15s\n",
pc->data[pos].name,
pc->data[pos].age,
pc->data[pos].sex,
pc->data[pos].tele,
pc->data[pos].addr);
}
}
//修改联系人信息
void ModifyContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,查找失败!!!\n");
return;
}
char name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf("请输入要修改的联系人姓名:>");
scanf("%s", name);
int pos = FindContactByName(pc, name);
if (pos == -1)
{
printf("联系人不存在!!!\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("请输入新的联系人姓名:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].name);
printf("请输入新的联系人年龄:>");
scanf("%d", &pc->data[pos].age);
printf("请输入新的联系人性别:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].sex);
printf("请输入新的联系人电话:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].tele);
printf("请输入新的联系人住址:>");
scanf("%s", pc->data[pos].addr);
}
printf("修改成功\n");
}
//排序联系人信息
void SortContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
if (pc->sz == 0)
{
printf("通讯录为空,无法排序!!!\n");
return;
}
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
struct PeoInfo tmp;
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz - 1; i++)
{
int flag = 1;
for (j = 0; j < pc->sz - i - 1; j++)
{
if (strcmp(pc->data[j].name, pc->data[j + 1].name) < 0)
{
tmp = pc->data[j];
pc->data[j] = pc->data[j + 1];
pc->data[j + 1] = tmp;
flag = 0;
}
}
if (flag == 1)
{
return;
}
}
printf("排序成功\n");
}
//保存信息
void SaveContact(struct Contact* pc)
{
//1.打开文件
FILE* pf = fopen("contact.txt", "wb");
if (pf == NULL)
{
perror("SaveContact:fopen");
return;
}
//2.写数据
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < pc->sz; i++)
{
fwrite(&(pc->data[i]), sizeof(struct PeoInfo), 1, pf);
}
//3.关闭文件
fclose(pf);
pf = NULL;
}
#pragma once
#include
#include
#include
#define NAME_MAX 20
#define SEX_MAX 20
#define TELE_MAX 20
#define ADDR_MAX 20
#define DEFAULT_SZ 3
struct PeoInfo
{
char name[NAME_MAX];//姓名
int age; //年龄
char sex[SEX_MAX]; //性别
char tele[TELE_MAX];//电话
char addr[ADDR_MAX];//住址
};
struct Contact
{
struct PeoInfo* data;//能够动态存储联系人的信息
int sz; //记录当前联系人的个数
int capacity; //记录当前通讯录的容量
};
//初始化通讯录
void InitContact(struct Contact* pc);
//添加联系人信息
void AddContact(struct Contact* pc);
//销毁通讯录信息
void DistroyContact(struct Contact* pc);
//显示联系人信息
void ShowContact(struct Contact* pc);
//删除联系人信息
void DelContact(struct Contact* pc);
//查找联系人信息
void SearchContact(struct Contact* pc);
//修改联系人信息
void ModifyContact(struct Contact* pc);
//排序联系人信息
void SortContact(struct Contact* pc);
//加载有效信息到通讯录中
void LoadContact(struct Contact* pc);
//保存信息
void SaveContact(struct Contact* pc);
#四、演示效果