title: KaTeX 基本数学符号
categories:
KaTeX 是一个快速,易于使用的JavaScript库,用于在Web上进行TeX数学渲染。
KaTeX兼容所有主流浏览器,包括Chrome,Safari,Firefox,Opera,Edge和IE 9-11。
KaTeX支持很多(但不是全部)LaTeX语法和许多LaTeX软件包。
A \Alpha A \Alpha | α \alpha α \alpha | T \Tau T \Tau | τ \tau τ \tau |
---|---|---|---|
B \Beta B \Beta | β \beta β \beta | Υ \Upsilon Υ \Upsilon | υ \upsilon υ \upsilon |
Γ \Gamma Γ \Gamma | γ \gamma γ \gamma | Φ \Phi Φ \Phi | ϕ \phi ϕ \phi |
Δ \Delta Δ \Delta | δ \delta δ \delta | X \Chi X \Chi | χ \chi χ \chi |
E \Epsilon E \Epsilon | ϵ \epsilon ϵ \epsilon | Ψ \Psi Ψ \Psi | ψ \psi ψ \psi |
Z \Zeta Z \Zeta | ζ \zeta ζ \zeta | Ω \Omega Ω \Omega | ω \omega ω \omega |
H \Eta H \Eta | η \eta η \eta | Π \varPi Π \varPi | ϖ \varpi ϖ \varpi |
Θ \Theta Θ \Theta | θ \theta θ \theta | Σ \varSigma Σ \varSigma | ς \varsigma ς \varsigma |
I \Iota I \Iota | ι \iota ι \iota | Θ \varTheta Θ \varTheta | ϑ \vartheta ϑ \vartheta |
K \Kappa K \Kappa | κ \kappa κ \kappa | Φ \varPhi Φ \varPhi | φ \varphi φ \varphi |
Λ \Lambda Λ \Lambda | λ \lambda λ \lambda | Γ \varGamma Γ \varGamma | ε \varepsilon ε \varepsilon |
M \Mu M \Mu | μ \mu μ \mu | Δ \varDelta Δ \varDelta | ϰ \varkappa ϰ \varkappa |
N \Nu N \Nu | ν \nu ν \nu | Λ \varLambda Λ \varLambda | ϑ \thetasym ϑ \thetasym |
Ξ \Xi Ξ \Xi | ξ \xi ξ \xi | Ξ \varXi Ξ \varXi | ϱ \varrho ϱ \varrho |
O \Omicron O \Omicron | ο \omicron ο \omicron | Υ \varUpsilon Υ \varUpsilon | ϝ \digamma ϝ \digamma |
Π \Pi Π \Pi | π \pi π \pi | Ψ \varPsi Ψ \varPsi | ı \imath \imath |
P \Rho P \Rho | ρ \rho ρ \rho | Ω \varOmega Ω \varOmega | ȷ \jmath \jmath |
Σ \Sigma Σ \Sigma | σ \sigma σ \sigma | ℧ \mho ℧ \mho | ℓ \ell ℓ \ell |
℘ \wp ℘ \wp;\weierp | ℵ \aleph ℵ \aleph | ⅁ \Game ⅁ \Game | k \Bbbk k \Bbbk |
---|---|---|---|
ℵ \alef ℵ \alef | Ⅎ \Finv Ⅎ \Finv | A ˚ \text{\AA} A˚ \text{\AA} | a ˚ \text{\aa} a˚ \text{\aa} |
ℶ \beth ℶ \beth | ℷ \gimel ℷ \gimel | ℸ \daleth ℸ \daleth | ð \eth ð \eth |
ℏ \hbar ℏ \hbar | ℏ \hslash ℏ \hslash | Æ \text{\AE} Æ \text{\AE} | œ \text{\oe} œ \text{\oe} |
常用标记 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
a ˘ \breve{a} a˘ | \breve{a} | |
a ˇ ; a c ˇ \check{a};\widecheck{ac} aˇ;ac | \check{a};\widecheck{ac} | |
a ~ ; a c ~ ; A B ~ \tilde{a};\widetilde{ac};\utilde{AB} a~;ac ; AB | 波浪 | \tilde{a};\widetilde{ac};\utilde{AB} |
a ˊ \acute{a} aˊ | \acute{a} | |
a ˋ \grave{a} aˋ | \grave{a} | |
a n a_n an | 下标 | a_n |
a ^ \hat a a^ | 帽子 | \hat a |
a ˉ \bar a aˉ | 短线 | \bar a |
二元运算 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
= = = | 等于 | = |
≈ \approx ≈ | 约等于 | \approx |
∝ \propto ∝ | 正比于 | \propto |
+ + + | 加 | + |
− - − | 减 | - |
± ; ∓ \pm; \mp ±;∓ | \pm; \mp | |
× \times × | 乘 | \times |
⋅ \cdot ⋅ | 点乘 | \cdot; \centerdot |
∗ * ∗ | *;\ast | |
÷ ; / \div; / ÷;/ | 除 | \div; / |
< < < | 小于 | <;\lt |
> > > | 大于 | >;\gt |
≪ ; ⋘ \ll;\lll ≪;⋘ | 远小于 | \ll\lll |
≫ ; ⋙ \gg;\ggg ≫;⋙ | 远大于 | \gg;\ggg |
⩾ ; ≥ \geqslant;\ge ⩾;≥ | 大于等于 | \geqslant\ge |
⩽ ; ≤ \leqslant;\le ⩽;≤ | 小于等于 | \leqslant;\le |
≠ ; ∉ \not=;\not\in =;∈ | 前方加\not 否定 |
\not=;\not\in |
b a \dfrac{b}{a} ab | 分数 | \frac{b}{a}; \dfrac{b}{a} |
a 1 + 1 b \cfrac{a}{1 + \cfrac{1}{b}} 1+b1a | 复合分式 | \cfrac{a}{1 + \cfrac{1}{b}} |
f ∘ g f \circ g f∘g | 复合函数 | f \circ g |
一元运算 | 定义 | Latex | 示例 |
---|---|---|---|
∣ a ∣ \mid a \mid ∣a∣ | 绝对值 | \vert; \mid; ` | `;\vert; \rvert |
∣ a ∣ |a| ∣a∣ | 范数,模 | \Vert; | ; \lVert\ ;rVert |
|
⌈ a ⌉ \lceil a\rceil ⌈a⌉ | ceiling | \lceil a\rceil | |
⌊ a ⌋ \lfloor a\rfloor ⌊a⌋ | floor | \lfloor a\rfloor | ⌊2.1⌋ = 2 |
⌊ a ⌉ \lfloor a\rceil ⌊a⌉ | 最接近的整数 | \lfloor a\rceil | ⌊2.6⌉ = 3 |
a n a^n an | 指数 | a^n | |
x ; x n \sqrt{x}; \sqrt[n]{x} x;nx | 开方 | \sqrt{x}; \sqrt[n]{x} | |
a ˉ ; a + b i ‾ \bar{a};\overline{a+bi} aˉ;a+bi | 共轭 | \bar{a}; \overline{a+bi} | |
⎰ ⎱ \lmoustache\rmoustache ⎰⎱ | 胡须 | \lmoustache\rmoustache | |
⌜ ⌝ \ulcorner \urcorner ┌┐ | \ulcorner\urcorner | ||
⌞ ⌟ \llcorner\lrcorner └┘ | \llcorner\lrcorner | ||
↑ ; ↓ ; ↕ \uparrow;\downarrow;\updownarrow ↑;↓;↕ | \uparrow;\downarrow;\updownarrow | ||
⇑ ; ⇓ ; ⇕ \Uparrow;\Downarrow;\Updownarrow ⇑;⇓;⇕ | \uparrow;\downarrow;\updownarrow |
多元运算 | 定义 | Latex | 示例 |
---|---|---|---|
∑ \sum ∑ | 求和 | \sum | |
∏ \prod ∏ | 求积 | \prod | |
⋂ \bigcap ⋂ | 交集 | \bigcap | |
⋃ \bigcup ⋃ | 并集 | \bigcup | |
⨿ \amalg ⨿ | 合并 | \amalg |
括号
\left(\LARGE{AB}\right)
( A B ) \left(\LARGE{AB}\right) (AB)
( \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg(
( ( ( ( ( ( \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg( (((((
符号 | 定义 | Latex | 示例 |
---|---|---|---|
∵ \because ∵ | 因为 | \because | |
∴ \therefore ∴ | 所以 | \therefore | |
¬ ; ∼ \lnot; \sim ¬;∼ | 逻辑非 | \neg; \lnot; \sim | ¬ ( ¬ A ) ⟺ A \lnot(\lnot A)\iff A ¬(¬A)⟺A |
∧ \land ∧ | 逻辑与 | \land | n < 4 ∧ n > 2 ⇔ n = 3 when n is a natural number. |
∨ \lor ∨ | 逻辑或 | \lor | n ≥ 4 ∨ n ≤ 2 ⇔ n ≠ 3 when n is a natural number. |
⊕ ; ⊻ \oplus; \veebar ⊕;⊻ | 异或 | \oplus; \veebar | a ⊕ b = ( ¬ a ∧ b ) ∨ ( a ∧ ¬ b ) a\oplus b=(\lnot a\land b)\lor(a\land \lnot b) a⊕b=(¬a∧b)∨(a∧¬b) |
⟺ ; ↔ \iff; \leftrightarrow ⟺;↔ | 等价,当且仅当(if and only if) | \iff; \leftrightarrow | |
⇒ ; → \Rarr; \rarr ⇒;→ | 条件运算,if … then | \Rarr; \rarr ;\to | x = 6 ⇒ x 2 = 36 x=6\Rightarrow x^2=36 x=6⇒x2=36 |
⟹ ; ⟸ \implies; \impliedby ⟹;⟸ | \implies; \impliedby | ||
⇐ ; ← \Larr; \larr ⇐;← | 左箭头 | \Larr; \larr; \gets | |
: = := := | 定义 | := | |
≜ \triangleq ≜ | 定义 | \triangleq | |
∀ \forall ∀ | 任意 | \forall | ∀ n ∈ ℕ, n2 ≥ n |
∃ \exists ∃ | 存在 | \exists | ∃ n ∈ ℕ: n is even |
∃ ! \exists! ∃! | 唯一存在 | \exists! | ∃! n ∈ ℕ: n + 5 = 2n. |
⊨ \vDash ⊨ | 满足符 | \vDash | A ⊨ B A\vDash B A⊨B |
⊢ \vdash ⊢ | 推断出 | \vdash | A → B ⊢ ¬B → ¬A |
□ \square □ | 拟态词必然 | \square | |
◊ \Diamond ◊ | 拟态词可能 | \Diamond |
堆叠 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
= ! \stackrel{!}{=} =! | 堆叠 | \stackrel{!}{=} |
= ! \overset{!}{=} =! | 上方 | \overset{!}{=} |
= ! \underset{!}{=} != | 下方 | \underset{!}{=} |
a b a \atop b ba | a \atop b | |
a b c a\raisebox{0.25em}{b}c abc | a\raisebox{0.25em}{b}c |
符号 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
§ \text{\sect} § | 分节 | \text{\sect} |
⋆ \star ⋆ | 星号 | \star |
5 \cancel{5} 5 | 左划线 | \cancel{5} |
5 \bcancel{5} 5 | 右划线 | \bcancel{5} |
a b c \xcancel{abc} abc | 交叉划线 | \xcancel{5} |
5 \sout{5} 5 | 划线 | sout{5} |
π = c d \boxed{\pi=\frac c d} π=dc | 方框 | \boxed{\pi=\frac c d} |
a + b + c ⏞ note \overbrace{a+b+c}^{\text{note}} a+b+c note | 上备注 | \overbrace{a+b+c}^{\text{note}} |
a + b + c ⏟ note \underbrace{a+b+c}_{\text{note}} note a+b+c | 下备注 | \underbrace{a+b+c}_{\text{note}} |
\tag{hi} x+y^{2x}
x + y 2 x (hi) x+y^{2x} \tag{hi} x+y2x(hi)
\tag*{hi} x+y^{2x}
x + y 2 x hi x+y^{2x}\tag*{hi} x+y2xhi
\left.\begin{bmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{bmatrix}\right\}rows
[ a b c d ] } 2 rows \left.\begin{bmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{bmatrix}\right\}\text{2 rows} [acbd]}2 rows
符号 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
{ x ∣ x < 5 } \{x\mid x<5\} {x∣x<5} | 集合 | \{x\mid x<5\} |
{ x ∣ x < 5 } \set{x\mid x<5} {x∣x<5} | 集合 | \set{x\mid x<5} |
U ˚ \mathring{U} U˚ | 邻域 | \mathring{U} |
⊎ \uplus ⊎ | 多重集 | \uplus |
⊂ \subset ⊂ | 真子集 | \subset |
⊆ \subseteq ⊆ | 子集 | \subseteq |
⊃ \supset ⊃ | 真父集 | \supset |
⊇ \supseteq ⊇ | 父集 | \supseteq |
∈ \in ∈ | 属于 | \in |
∋ \ni ∋ | 属于 | \ni |
∩ \cap ∩ | 交集 | \cap |
∪ \cup ∪ | 并集 | \cup |
∖ \setminus ∖ | 差集 | \setminus |
c a r d ( A ) \mathrm{card}(A) card(A) | 元素个数 | \mathrm{card}(A) |
∅ ; ∅ \emptyset; \varnothing ∅;∅ | 空集 | \emptyset; \varnothing |
N \N N | 自然数 | \N |
Z \Z Z | 整数 | \Z |
R ; ℜ \R;\Re R;ℜ | 实数 | \R;\Reals;\Re |
ℑ \Im ℑ | 虚数 | \Im; \Image |
C \Complex C | 复数 | \Complex |
n ! n! n! | 阶乘 | n! |
( n k ) \binom{n}{k} (kn), [ n k ] {n\brack k} [kn] | 组合 | \binom{n}{k}; \dbinom{n}{k}; {n \choose k}; n\brack k |
{ n k } {n\brace k} {kn} | {n\brace k} | |
A n k A^k_n Ank | 排列 | A^n_m |
∁ n k \complement^k_n ∁nk | 组合 | \complement^n_m |
符号 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
∽ \backsim ∽ | 相似三角形 | \backsim |
⋍ \backsimeq ⋍ | \backsimeq | |
= ∽ \overset{\backsim}{=} =∽ | 全等三角形 | \overset{\backsim}{=} |
∥ \parallel ∥ | 平行 | \parallel |
∦ \nparallel ∦ | 不平行 | \nparallel |
⊥ \bot ⊥ | 垂直 | \bot |
A B ‾ \overline{AB} AB | 直线 | \overline{AB} |
A B ‾ \underline{AB} AB | \underline{AB} | |
A B undefined \overlinesegment{AB} AB | 线段 | \overlinesegment{AB} |
A B ⏠ ; A B ⏡ \overgroup{AB};\undergroup{AB} AB ; AB | \overgroup{AB};\undergroup{AB} | |
A B undefined \underlinesegment{AB} AB | \underlinesegment{AB} | |
A B ⌢ \overset{\frown}{AB} AB⌢ | 弧 | \overset{\frown}{AB} |
⊙ \odot ⊙ | 圆 | \odot |
◯ \bigcirc ◯ | \bigcirc | |
⊡ \boxdot ⊡ | \boxdot | |
□ \square □ | 矩形 | \square |
R t △ \mathrm{Rt}\triangle Rt△ | 直角三角形 | \mathrm{Rt}\triangle |
◊ \Diamond ◊ | 菱形 | \Diamond |
∠ \angle ∠ | 角 | \angle |
∡ \measuredangle ∡ | \measuredangle | |
90 ° 90\degree 90° | 角度 | 90\degree |
ı ^ \hat{\imath} ^ | 坐标基 | \hat{\imath} |
ȷ ^ \hat{\jmath} ^ | 坐标基 | \hat{\jmath} |
a c ^ \widehat{ac} ac | 向量夹角 | \widehat{ac} |
a ⃗ , A B → ; a c ⇀ \vec{a},\overrightarrow{AB};\overrightharpoon{ac} a,AB;ac | 向量 | \vec{a},\overrightarrow{AB}; \overrightharpoon{ac} |
A B → \underrightarrow{AB} AB | \underrightarrow{AB} | |
A B ← ; a c ↼ ; A B ← \overleftarrow{AB};\overleftharpoon{ac};\underleftarrow{AB} AB;ac;AB | \overleftarrow{AB}; \overleftharpoon{ac}; \underleftarrow{AB} |
|
A B ⇒ \Overrightarrow{AB} AB | \Overrightarrow{AB} |
arcsin \arcsin arcsin \arcsin |
cotg \cotg cotg \cotg |
ln \ln ln \ln |
det \det det \det |
---|---|---|---|
arccos \arccos arccos \arccos |
coth \coth coth \coth |
log \log log \log |
gcd \gcd gcd \gcd |
arctan \arctan arctan \arctan |
csc \csc csc \csc |
sec \sec sec \sec |
inf \inf inf \inf |
arctg \arctg arctg \arctg |
ctg \ctg ctg \ctg |
sin \sin sin \sin |
lim \lim lim \lim |
arcctg \arcctg arcctg \arcctg |
cth \cth cth \cth |
sinh \sinh sinh \sinh |
lim inf \liminf liminf \liminf |
arg \arg arg \arg |
deg \deg deg \deg |
sh \sh sh \sh |
lim sup \limsup limsup \limsup |
ch \ch ch \ch |
dim \dim dim \dim |
tan \tan tan \tan |
max \max max \max |
cos \cos cos \cos |
exp \exp exp \exp |
tanh \tanh tanh \tanh |
min \min min \min |
cosec \cosec cosec \cosec |
hom \hom hom \hom |
tg \tg tg \tg |
Pr \Pr Pr \Pr |
cosh \cosh cosh \cosh |
ker \ker ker \ker |
th \th th \th |
sup \sup sup \sup |
cot \cot cot \cot |
lg \lg lg \lg |
f \operatorname{f} f \operatorname{f} |
arg max \arg\max argmax \arg\max |
arg min \arg\min argmin \arg\min |
符号 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
→ \to → | 趋向于 | \to |
← \gets ← | \gets | |
∞ \infty ∞ | 无穷大 | \infty |
lim x → 0 \lim\limits_{x\to 0} x→0lim | 极限 | \lim\limits_{x\to 0} |
x ˙ \dot{x} x˙ | 导数 | \dot{x} |
x ¨ \ddot{x} x¨ | 二阶导 | \ddot{x} |
x ′ x' x′ | 导数 | x’; x^\prime |
x ′ ′ x'' x′′ | 二阶导 | x’’ |
x ( n ) x^{(n)} x(n) | n阶导 | x^{(n)} |
∂ x \partial x ∂x | 偏导数 | \partial x |
d x \mathrm{d}x dx | 微分 | \mathrm{d}x |
∫ \int ∫ | 积分 | \int |
∬ \iint ∬ | 积分 | \iint |
∭ \iiint ∭ | 积分 | \iiint |
∮ \oint ∮ | 积分 | \oint |
∯ \oiint ∬ | 积分 | \oiint |
∰ \oiiint ∭ | 积分 | \oiiint |
∇ \nabla ∇ | 微分算子 | \nabla |
Δ \Delta Δ | 拉普拉斯算子 | \Delta |
□ \Box □ | 非欧几里得拉普拉斯算子 | \Box |
\iiint\limits_{Ω}(\dfrac{∂P}{∂x}+\dfrac{∂Q}{∂y}+\dfrac{∂R}{∂z})\mathrm{d}V=
\oiint\limits_{Σ}P\mathrm{d}y\mathrm{d}z+Q\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}z+R\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y
∭ Ω ( ∂ P ∂ x + ∂ Q ∂ y + ∂ R ∂ z ) d V = ∯ Σ P d y d z + Q d x d z + R d x d y \iiint\limits_{Ω}(\dfrac{∂P}{∂x}+\dfrac{∂Q}{∂y}+\dfrac{∂R}{∂z})\mathrm{d}V=\oiint\limits_{Σ}P\mathrm{d}y\mathrm{d}z+Q\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}z+R\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y Ω∭(∂x∂P+∂y∂Q+∂z∂R)dV=Σ∬Pdydz+Qdxdz+Rdxdy
表示 | 定义 | Latex |
---|---|---|
a \mathbf{a} a | 向量(粗体) | \mathbf{a} |
A A A | 矩阵(大写) | A |
T ↔ \overleftrightarrow{T} T | 张量 | \overleftrightarrow{T} |
A B ↔ \underleftrightarrow{AB} AB | \underleftrightarrow{AB} | |
T \mathcal{T} T | 张量(花体) | \mathcal{T} |
f ( x ) = { a if b c if d f(x)=\begin{cases} a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d \end{cases} f(x)={acif bif d | 定义方程 | f(x)=\begin{cases} a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d \end{cases} |
10 x + 3 y = 2 3 x + 13 y = 4 \begin{alignedat}{2} 10&x+ &3&y = 2 \\ 3&x+&13&y = 4 \end{alignedat} 103x+x+313y=2y=4 | 方程组 | \begin{alignedat}{2 } 10&x+ &3&y = 2 \\ 3&x+&13&y = 4 \end{alignedat} |
f ( x ) = ( m + n ) 2 = m 2 + 2 m + n 2 \begin{aligned} f(x) &=(m+n)^2 \\ & =m^2+2m+n^2 \end{aligned} f(x)=(m+n)2=m2+2m+n2 | 多行等式 | \begin{aligned} f(x) &=(m+n)^2 \\ & =m^2+2m+n^2 \end{aligned} |
a b c d \begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d\end{matrix} acbd | 数组 | \begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{matrix} |
a b c d \begin{array}{cc} a & b \\ c & d\end{array} acbd | 数组 | \begin{array}{cc} a & b \\ c & d \end{array} |
( a b c d ) \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d\end{pmatrix} (acbd) | 矩阵 | \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} |
[ a b c d ] \begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d\end{bmatrix} [acbd] | 矩阵 | \begin{bmatrix } a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix} |
∣ a b c d ∣ \begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d\end{vmatrix} acbd | 行列式 | \begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix} |
∥ a b c d ∥ \begin{Vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d\end{Vmatrix} acbd | 范式 | \begin{Vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Vmatrix} |
{ a b c d } \begin{Bmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{Bmatrix} {acbd} | 花括号 | \begin{Bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Bmatrix} |
[ a b c d e f g h i ] \begin{bmatrix} \begin{array}{c:c:c} a & b & c \\ \hline d & e & f \\ \hdashline g & h & i\end{array}\end{bmatrix} adgbehcfi | 分块矩阵 | \begin{bmatrix} \begin{array}{c:c:c} a & b & c \\ \hline d & e & f \\ \hdashline g & h & i \end{array} \end{bmatrix} |
→ u n d e r o v e r \xrightarrow[under]{over} overunder | 变换 | \xrightarrow[under]{over} |
→ \to → | 变换 | \to |
A ⊤ A^\top A⊤ | 矩阵转置 | A^\top |
A ≅ B A\cong B A≅B | 矩阵等价 | A\cong B |
A ∼ B A\sim B A∼B | 矩阵相似 | A\sim B |
A ≃ B A\simeq B A≃B | 矩阵合同 | A\simeq B |
A ˉ \bar{A} Aˉ | 增广矩阵 | \bar{A} |
A ∗ A^* A∗ | 伴随矩阵 | A^* |
det A ; ∣ A ∣ \det A;\vert A \vert detA;∣A∣ | 矩阵的行列式 | \det A |
d i a g ( a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ) \mathrm{diag}(a_1,a_2,a_3) diag(a1,a2,a3) | 对角阵 | \mathrm{diag}(a_1,a_2,a_3) |
A ⊗ B A\otimes B A⊗B | 克罗内克积 | \otimes |
⋯ \cdots ⋯ | 横点 | \cdots |
⋮ \vdots ⋮ | 竖点 | \vdots |
⋱ \ddots ⋱ | 对角点 | \ddots |
⟨ ψ ∣ ϕ ⟩ \lang\psi\mid\phi\rang ⟨ψ∣ϕ⟩ | 左矢;右矢 | \lang\psi\mid\phi\rang |
⟨ ϕ ∣ \bra{\phi} ⟨ϕ∣ | 左矢 | \bra{\phi}; \Bra{\phi} |
∣ ψ ⟩ \ket{\psi} ∣ψ⟩ | 右矢 | \ket{\psi}; \Ket{\psi} |
⟨ ϕ ∣ ψ ⟩ \braket{\phi\mid\psi} ⟨ϕ∣ψ⟩ | 狄拉克符号 | \braket{\phi\mid\psi} |
\begin{pmatrix}
a_{11}&a_{12}&\cdots&a_{1n} \\
a_{21}&a_{22}&\cdots&a_{2n} \\
\vdots&\vdots&\ddots&\vdots \\
a_{m1}&a_{m2}&\cdots&a_{mn} \\
\end{pmatrix},
\begin{bmatrix}
\begin{array}{cc:c}
1&0 & 0 & 0 \\
0&1 & 0 &0 \\
\hdashline
0&0 & 1 & 5
\end{array}
\end{bmatrix}
( a 11 a 12 ⋯ a 1 n a 21 a 22 ⋯ a 2 n ⋮ ⋮ ⋱ ⋮ a m 1 a m 2 ⋯ a m n ) , [ 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 ] \begin{pmatrix} a_{11}&a_{12}&\cdots&a_{1n} \\ a_{21}&a_{22}&\cdots&a_{2n} \\ \vdots&\vdots&\ddots&\vdots \\ a_{m1}&a_{m2}&\cdots&a_{mn} \\ \end{pmatrix}, \quad \begin{bmatrix} \begin{array}{cc:c} 1&0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0&1 & 0 &0 \\ \hdashline 0&0 & 1 & 5 \end{array} \end{bmatrix} a11a21⋮am1a12a22⋮am2⋯⋯⋱⋯a1na2n⋮amn , 100010001005
符号 | 定义 | Latex | 示例 |
---|---|---|---|
g ∘ f g \circ f g∘f | 复合 | g \circ f | |
b ( m o d m ) b\pmod m b(modm) | b\pmod m | ||
a m o d b a \bmod b amodb | a \bmod b | ||
x ( a ) x \pod a x(a) | x \pod a | ||
≡ \equiv ≡ | 同余关系 | \equiv | a ≡ b ( m o d m ) a\equiv b\pmod m a≡b(modm) |
⋗ \gtrdot ⋗ | \gtrdot | ||
⋖ \lessdot ⋖ | \lessdot | ||
⊺ \intercal ⊺ | 区间 | \intercal | |
⊳ \rhd ⊳ | 双方关系对立 | \rhd | R ⊳ S = R − R ⋉ S R\rhd S=R-R\ltimes S R⊳S=R−R⋉S |
⊲ \lhd ⊲ | 正规子群 | \lhd | Z ( G ) ⊲ G Z(G) \lhd G Z(G)⊲G |
⊵ \unrhd ⊵ | \unrhd | ||
⊴ \unlhd ⊴ | \unlhd | ||
⋋ \leftthreetimes ⋋ | \leftthreetimes | ||
⋌ \rightthreetimes ⋌ | \rightthreetimes | ||
⋊ \rtimes ⋊ | \rtimes | ||
⋉ \ltimes ⋉ | \ltimes | ||
≺ \prec ≺ | 卡普可约 | \prec | If L1 ≺ L2 and L2 ∈ P, then L1 ∈ P |
≻ \succ ≻ | \succ | ||
∣ \mid ∣ | 因式分解 | \mid | Since 15 = 3 × 5, it is true that 3 | 15 and 5 | 15 |
∤ \nmid ∤ | \nmid |