学生做英语阅读时往往很怕遇到生词。但遇到生词又是很普遍的,第一是有些文章的主题就是介绍新事物,而这个新事物是学生未曾接触过的,自然感到陌生;第二是学生平时掌握的基本是熟词熟义,而有些文章涉及到了熟词生义;第三是学生在背高考范围内的3500词时掌握不够扎实。
生词如此普遍,高考英语也有对应的猜词题。那么,就要考虑如何通过各种技巧来攻克猜词题,甚至把这些猜词技巧推广到其它生词。
猜词题可以划分为两大类,实词和虚词。实词包含几个小类,分别是单词、短语、句子(短句为主)。虚词通常为代词。
本文主要介绍句子类。这是考频较低的题型,且考的基本是短句。
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试2卷D篇第33题
如下:
What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
题干问的是第3段the tables are turned的含义。
原文第3段如下:
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
从原文可知,植物的自保方式不同。有些植物通过泵发出难闻的化学物质来屏退昆虫。但其它植物会执行双重职责。它们泵发出香味,这种香味专用来吸引攻击者的天敌。一旦它们到达了,the tables are turned。正在吃午餐的攻击者现在变成了午餐。
从翻译很容易推导出the tables are turned的含义与“局势反转”类似,所以A选项攻击者受攻击最为符合。
考生亦可以从字面义加以推导。“桌子倒转”,意味着双方不变,但身份变,A选项最为贴近。但这肯定不是一张真实的桌子,因此B选项不符合。植物也没有进攻能力,而是利用昆虫之间的制衡关系,因此C选项也不符合。植物是利用香水来吸引昆虫的天敌,是为了自保,因此明显D选项也曲解了原文。
最后来一道习题
大家在留言区写下自己的答案吧!
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试3卷D篇第32题如下:
What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. The more, the better.
B. Enough is enough.
C. More money, more worries.
D. Earn more and spend more.
原文
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.