Unit 13 英汉长句切分
e.g.1--7It’s by considering all these things ---【1the risk of losing your job one may】 【2minus the risk of losing it another ，3the extra money you make 4if your industry is shielded from foreign competition 【5minus the extra money you pay for goods and services 】【6that are protected –8that you reach the conclusion that on average, free trade benefits us all.
自由贸易可能使你有失业的危险，但是如果没有自由贸易，你也有失业的危险，如果没有外来竞争，你的公司可能会多赚取利润，但是如果商品和服务受到保护以避开外来竞争，你的付出也会增加。正是因为考虑到这些因素，我们得到的结论是自由贸易在总体上使人人获益。
破折号—插入信息，从句译在主句前：4译在3之前，6译在5之前
中文-细节放在前面，结论放在后面。
Shielded ：v.受到保护
e.g.2.As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationship, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.
随着许多家庭搬出居住多年的社区，阔别多年的老友，离开大家庭，日常的信息来源就此切断。人们不再能确保信息唾手可得，也难以确定所获得的信息一定真实可靠。
trustworthy值得信赖的
as 引导伴随状语从句
As families move away from their stable community,
move away from their friends of many years,
move away from their extended family relationship,
extended family：几世同堂
结果
the informal flow of information is cut off,
with it the confidence- --the confidence is cut off with it
动词或形容词的派生词confidence信心-相信
that information will be available when needed
that information will be trustworthy and reliable.
两层信息，同位语从句
派生名词后有较长的修饰成分—转译成动词或形容词
confidence信心---相信
E.g.3 Acceptance of inevitability of death1, which, when faced, can give dignity to life, and 2acceptance of our inescapable role in the modern world, might transmute our anxiety about making the right choices, taking the right precautions, and the right risks into the sterner stuff of responsibility.
acceptance—accept-
inevitability /ɪnˌevɪtəˈbɪləti/n.必然性；不可逃避-inevitable
inescapable /ˌɪnɪˈskeɪpəbl/ adj.不可避免的；
stern/ˈstɜːrn/ /stɜːn/adj,严厉的，认真的
transmute/trænzˈmjuːt/ vt.使变形；使变质~into…使..变成/转化
--we accept death is inevitable-1
-2 accept our inescapable role in the world.
taking the right precautions,
and the right risks- --taking the right risks
transmute our anxiety about 会把我们的忧虑
making the right choices如是否做出了正确的决定、
taking the right precautions 是否采取了恰当的防范措施。
and the right risks 是否冒了该冒的险等，
into to the sterner stuff of responsibility. 变为更为坚定的责任。
E.g.4 The problem of possible genetic damage to human populations from radiation exposures, including those resulting from the fallout from testing of atomic weapons, has quiet properly claimed much popular attention in recent years.
人类受到各种辐射后，如原子武器试验的散落物所造成的辐射，基因可能会遭到损伤，近年来这一问题理所当然地引起了人们的广泛重视。
damage-派生名词fallout 散落物
The human populations might possibily be damaged genetically.
人类基因受到损伤。
possible genetic damage to human populations结果
from radiation exposures原因
including those resulting from the fallout from testing of atomic weapons,原因
The problem has quiet properly claimed much popular attention in recent years.
问题引起了广泛的关注/注意
quiet properly评论性状语-
It’s quiet proper that has claimed much popular attention in recent years.
定语先翻译
主干放到细节后面译
原因放到结果前面译
中文的评论在最后下—语序调整
汉语中习惯吧时间和地点放到句首
E.g.5.The era of blatant discrimination ended 3in the 1960s 1through the courageous actions （of 2thousand of blacks participating in peaceful marches and sit-ins, 3to force Southern states to implement the Federal desegregation laws in schools and public accommodations.
20世纪60年代，千千万万的黑人参加了和平示威和静坐活动，3他们的英勇行动迫使南方各州执政联邦政府关于在学校和公共场所废除种族隔离的法律，从而结束了公然歧视黑人的时代。
The era in the 1960s-1
-3the courageous actions are to force Southern…
blatant discrimination:公然歧视黑人peaceful marches：和平示威游行（demonstration）sit-in静坐
desegregation:废除种族隔离desegregate/ˌdiːˈseɡrɪɡeɪt/v.种族隔离
segregation/ˌseɡrɪˈɡeɪʃn/隔离n.de-废除
courageous actions勇敢的行为/kəˈreɪdʒəs/
blatant/ˈbleɪt(ə)nt/ adj.喧嚣的；公然的
E.g.6.The implied inclusions of books among the world’s perishable goods5.is hardly made more agreeable by the reflection that 1.increasing numbers of books these days do seem to be written with just such consumption in mind）, and that 2. most bookstores have become little more than news stands for hard cover publications of this sort, 3.which are merchandised for a few weeks -sometimes only as long as they remain on the best -seller list-and are then retired to discount store（4.those jumbled graveyards of books, so saddening to the hearts of authors ）shortly before dropping out of print altogether.
(The implied inclusions of books among the world’s perishable goods5.) is hardly made more agreeable by the reflection that （1.increasing numbers of books these days do seem to be written with just such consumption in mind）, and that（2. most bookstores have become little more than news stands for hard cover publications of this sort, 2.）（3.which are merchandised for a few weeks -sometimes only as long as they remain on the best -seller list-and are then retired to discount store（4.those jumbled graveyards of books, so saddening to the hearts of authors ）shortly before dropping out of print altogether.
1.书无形中成了短期商品，这一点让人痛心。1.（非限制先译）当然，目前越来越多的书的出版的确出于商业目的，（主句）2大多数的书店也就是出售类似这类精装书的报亭，3.这些书卖了不到几个星期，有时还要短，一旦不再是畅销书目，就会弃入打折书店，而后就完全绝了版。（打折书店里，书丢的七零八落，再也无人光顾，书的作者只有暗自痛心。）5.我们就是想到这些，也无法感到好受些。
Inclusions- include
It is implied that We can include the books among the world’s perishable goods.
Reflection-reflect 反映考虑到两点
1. increasing numbers of books these days do seem to be written with just such consumption in mind,
2.most bookstores have become little more than news stands for hard cover publications of this sort，
3. which are merchandised for a few… altogether.
4.（）
译完状语译主干—
5..The implied inclusions of books among the world’s perishable goods4.) is hardly made more agreeable.
saddening v.（使）悲伤，难过（sadden的现在分词）
graveyard墓地jumpled /ˈdʒʌmbəld/混乱的