LOT'S ESCAPE FROM A WICKED CITY
【译】罗得逃离出一个邪恶的城市
【背景】本文选自《The Children's Bible》
【单词】ESCAPE 原型：escape 动词 [ɪ'skeɪp] v. 逃跑；逃脱；逃避
【单词】WICKED 原型：wicked 形容词 ['wɪkɪd] adj. 坏的；邪恶的
【单词】CITY 原型：city 名词 ['sɪti] n. 城市；都市
【专有名词】LOT 原型：Lot 人名 [lɒt] n. [圣经] 罗德
And Abraham went along with them to start them on their way.
【译】亚伯拉罕和他们一起开始他们的行程。
【短语】went along with 原型：go along with 一起，同行；例句：I'll go along with you. 我将随同你一起去。
【单词】start 动词 [stɑːrt] v. 开始；出发
【专有名词】Abraham ['eɪbrəˌhæm] n. [圣经]亚伯拉罕（基督教和伊斯兰教的先知，是上帝从地上众生中所拣选并给予祝福的人）
Jehovah said, "The complaint has come that the people of Sodom and Gomorrah have committed great and terrible sins.
【译】Jehovah说，“有抱怨称Sodom和Gomorrah那里的人犯了很大的而且很严重的罪。
【时态】have(has) + 动词的过去分词 是动词的“现在完成时”，这种时态主要用于表示 1.从过去某一事件发生到现在或将继续持续下去；2.过去发生的事对现在造成的影响；3.表示现在已经完成的动作；例句：I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.这支钢笔我只用过三次。它仍然是好的。
【单词】complaint 名词 [kəm'pleɪnt] n. 抱怨；诉苦；控告；投诉
【单词】committed 原型：commit 动词过去分词 [kə'mɪt] v. 犯罪
【单词】terrible 形容词 ['terəbl] adj. 可怕的；极度的；糟糕的
【单词】sins 原型：sin 名词复数形式 [sɪn] n. 罪恶；罪孽；过失
【专有名词】Jehovah [dʒɪ'həʊvə] n. [圣经]耶和华(指上帝)
【专有名词】Sodom n. 罪恶之地
【专有名词】Gomorrah n. 俄摩拉城(据《圣经·创始记》该城因居民罪恶深重被神毁灭)；罪恶之都
I will go down and see whether they have done exactly as the complaint comes to me; and if they have not, I will know." Then the men turned from there and looked off in the direction of Sodom.
【译】我将下去看看他们的所作所为是否真的如抱怨所言；如果他们没有这么做，我会知道的。”他们人转身，看向Sodom的方向。
【短语】look off 掉转视线，把眼睛转开；例句：You can look off to the side or straight ahead if you feel uncomfortable. 如果你觉得不舒服，可以看旁边或者直视前方。
【单词】whether 连词 ['weðər] conj. 是否；不管；无论
【单词】exactly 副词 [ɪɡ'zæktli] adv. 精确地；确切地；完全地
【单词】direction 名词 [də'rekʃn] n. 方向
Then Abraham drew near to Jehovah and said, "Wilt thou sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
【译】亚伯拉罕靠近Jehovah说道：“你要将义人和恶人一同除去吗？
【短语】drew near 原型：draw near 临近。靠近；例句：Christmas is drawing near. 圣诞节越来越近了。
【短语】sweep away 扫除，清除；例句：Let's sweep away the broken glass. 让我们把这些碎玻璃扫走。
【单词】Wilt 原型：wilt 助动词 [wɪlt] aux. [古语] will 的第二人称单数现在时陈述语气(与thou连用)
【单词】thou 代词 [ðaʊ] pron. [古语]你
【单词】righteous 形容词 ['raɪtʃəs] adj. 正直的；正义的
Suppose there are within the city fifty people who are righteous.
【译】假设城里有五十个人是正义的。
【单词】Suppose 原型：suppose 动词 [sə'pəʊz] vt. 假设；假定；认为
【单词】within 介词 [wɪ'ðɪn] prep. 在(某段时间、距离或范围)内；在…里面
【单词】fifty 修饰性数量词 ['fɪfti] num. 五十
Wilt thou sweep away and not spare the place for the fifty righteous who are in it?
【译】你要把他们都除去，不能为了他们而宽恕这个城市吗？
【单词】spare 动词 [speə] v. 饶恕；宽恕
Far be it from thee to do this: to slay the righteous with the wicked!
【译】你不可做这事，把义人连同恶人一起杀死！
【单词】Far 原型：far 形容词 [fɑː(r)] adj. 远的
【单词】thee 代词 [ðiː] pron. [古语]你
【单词】slay 动词 [sleɪ] v. 杀害；残杀
And that the righteous should be treated as the wicked, far be it from thee!
【译】把义人当作恶人看待，你不可做这事！
【单词】treated 原型：treat 动词过去分词 [triːt] v. 对待；视为
Shall not the Judge of all the earth do what is just?" Jehovah said, "If I find in the city of Sodom fifty who are righteous, I will spare the whole place for their sake." Abraham answered, "I have dared to speak to Jehovah, even though I am but dust and ashes.
【译】世间所有的审判官，不都应该做公正的事吗？”Jehovah说，“如果我在Sodom城找到五十个义人，我就为了他们而饶恕那地方。”亚伯拉罕回答说，“我敢对Jehovah说，即使我仅仅是灰尘。
【短语】even though 是“尽管”的意思，为连词，引导让步状语从句用于引导让步状语从句。如：He went out even though it was raining. 尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。even though与even if很多情况下可以互换，但是还是有一些细微的区别。even though 引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”，“虽然”。如上面例句中。而even if 引导的从句是往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”，“纵然”，如：Even if it rains tomorrow, we won't change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
【短语】for their sake 原型：for one's sake 为 ... 起见，为了 ... 好；例句：There is nothing that I will not brave for your sake. 为了你，我什么风险都愿冒。
【单词】Judge 名词 [dʒʌdʒ] n. 法官；裁判
【单词】earth 名词 [ɜːθ] n. 地球；泥土；世间
【单词】just 形容词 [dʒʌst] adj. 公平的；公正的
【单词】dared 原型：dare 动词过去分词 [deə] vt. 敢；挑战；冒...的风险 vi. 勇于；胆敢
【单词】dust 名词 [dʌst] n. 灰尘；尘土；粉尘
【单词】ashes 原型：ash 名词复数形式 [æʃ] n. 灰；灰烬
Suppose there be five lacking of the fifty righteous.
【译】假设有四十五个正义的人。
【短语】lacking of 原型：lack of 缺乏，不足；例句：The flowers are wilting for lack of water. 这些花因缺水而渐渐枯萎。
Wilt thou sweep away all the city for lack of five?" Jehovah said, "I will not sweep it away, if I find forty-five there." Then Abraham spoke to him again, and said, "Suppose forty are found there?" He replied, "For the sake of forty I will not do it." Then Abraham said, "Oh, let not Jehovah be angry, but let me speak.
【译】你要因为缺少五个而除掉整座城吗？”Jehovah说：“我若在那里见有四十五个，就不把它除去。”亚伯拉罕又对他说，“在那里可以找到四十个呢？”他回答道：“我为这四十个人的缘故，就不作这事。”亚伯拉罕说：“耶和华阿，求你不要发怒，求你容我说。
【语法】let sb./sth. do sth. 让某人（某物）做某事；例句：Don't let your temper run away with you. 要控制住自己，不要发脾气。
【单词】replied 原型：reply 动词过去式 [rɪ'plaɪ] v. 回答；答复；回应
【单词】angry 形容词 ['æŋɡri] adj. 生气的；愤怒的
Suppose thirty are found there?" He answered, "I will not do it, if I find thirty there." Then Abraham said, "Thou seest that I have dared to speak to Jehovah.
【译】假设发现有三十个呢？”他回答说，“我不会做，如果我能找到三十个。”亚伯拉罕说，“你看，我敢对Jehovah说。
【单词】seest v. [古语]看；看到
Suppose twenty are found there?" He replied, "For the sake of twenty I will not destroy it." Then Abraham said, "Oh, let not Jehovah be angry, but let me speak just once more.
【译】假设在那儿发现了二十个呢？”他回答说：“为这二十，我必不毁灭它。”亚伯拉罕说，愿耶和华不要发怒，求你容我再说一次。
【单词】destroy 动词原形 [dɪ'strɔɪ] v. 破坏；杀死；摧毁
【单词】once 副词 [wʌns] adv. 一次
Suppose ten are found there?" And he said, "For the sake of the ten I will not destroy it." Then Jehovah went his way, and Abraham returned home.
【译】假设发现有十个？”他说：“为十人的缘故，我必不毁灭它。”Jehovah就离开，亚伯拉罕回了家。
【单词】returned 原型：return 动词过去式 [rɪ'tɜːn] v. 返回；归还
Two angels in human form came to Sodom in the evening, as Lot was sitting at the gate of Sodom.
【译】两个天使以人类的形态晚上到了Sodom，罗得正坐在Sodom城门口。
【单词】angels 原型：angel 名词复数形式 ['eɪndʒl] n. 天使
【单词】form 名词 [fɔːrm] n.形式；形态
【单词】gate 名词 [ɡeɪt] n. 大门；出入口
When Lot saw them, he rose up to meet them, and he bowed with his face to the earth and said, "Sirs, turn aside, I beg of you, into your servant's house and spend the night and wash your feet; then you can rise up early and go on your way." They said, "No, we will spend the night in the street." But he urged them so strongly that they went with him and entered his house.
【译】当罗德看见他们，就站起来迎接，他脸伏于地说：“先生们，转向一边，我求你，去你仆人的家，洗洗脚并在那里过夜；清早起来再走。”他们说，“不，我们要在街上过夜。”但他敦促他们如此强烈，他们便和他一起走到他屋里。
【句型】so...that... 意为“如此...以至于...”。so后面加形容词或副词，that后表示结果.比如：I am so tired that I want to sleep right away. 我太累了,想立即休息。
【短语】rise up 起身。例句：Older people incline to rise up early. 老年人常常起得早。
【单词】meet 动词 [miːt] v. 遇见
【单词】bowed 原型：bow 动词过去式 [baʊ] v. 鞠躬；致敬
【单词】aside 副词 [ə'saɪd] adv. 在一边
【单词】servant 名词 ['sɜːvənt] n. 仆人
【单词】spend 动词 [spend] v. 度过
【单词】wash 动词 [wɒʃ] v. 洗；洗涤；洗清
【单词】urged 原型：urge 动词过去式 [ɜːdʒ] v. 极力主张
【单词】strongly 副词 [strɒŋli] adv. 强有力地；激烈地
【单词】entered 原型：enter 动词过去式 ['entə] v. 进入
And he made a feast for them and baked bread made without yeast, and they ate.
【译】他为他们作了筵席，烤了不含酵母的饼，他们吃了这些。
【单词】feast 名词 [fiːst] n. 宴会；酒席
【单词】baked 原型：bake 动词 [beɪk] v. 烤；烘焙
【单词】bread 名词 [bred] n. 面包
【单词】yeast 名词 [jiːst] n. 酵母；发酵剂
【单词】ate 原型：eat 动词过去式 [iːt] v. 吃
But before they had lain down, the people of Sodom, both young and old, all the people from every quarter, surrounded the house.
【译】但是在他们睡下之前，Sodom的人，包括年轻的和年老的，从四面八方来的所有人，包围了这幢房子。
【单词】lain 原型：lie 动词过去分词 [laɪ] v. 躺下
【单词】quarter 名词 ['kwɔːtə] n. 地区；方向
【单词】surrounded 原型：surround 动词过去式 [sə'raʊnd] vt. 包围；环绕
And they called out to Lot, "Where are the men who came in to you tonight?
【译】他们对罗得喊道：“今晚到你这里来的人到哪里去了？”
【短语】called out to 原型：call out to 向 ...大声喊；例句：I tried to call out to him through the window. 我试图从窗户里叫住他。
【单词】tonight 名词 ['tən'aɪt] n. 今晚
Bring them out to us that we may do to them what we desire." Then Lot went out to them at the entrance of his house, but he shut the door after him.
【译】把他们带出来，我们就可以照我们所愿的待他们。” 罗得向外朝他们走过去，走到门口却关上了身后的门。
【语法】what 常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点： 一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所...的”，“...的样子”等； 二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语。例如：做句子的主语：What you have done might do harm to other people. 你所做的事情可能对其他人有害。 作句子的表语：He is not what he used to be. 他已不是从前的他了。
【单词】Bring 原型：bring 动词原形 [brɪŋ] v. 带来
【单词】desire 动词 [dɪ'zaɪər] v. 渴望；要求
【单词】entrance 名词 ['entrəns] n. 入口
【单词】shut 原型：shut 动词过去式 [ʃʌt] v. 关闭；合拢
And he said, "I beg of you, my friends, do not do what is wrong.
【译】他说：“我的朋友们，我恳求你们，不要做错误的事。
【单词】wrong 形容词 [rɒŋ] adj. 错误的；不适当的；不道德的
Do nothing to these men, for they have come under the shadow of my roof." But they replied, "Stand back, or we will treat you worse than them." And they pressed hard against Lot and advanced to break the door.
【译】你们不能动这些人，因为他们来到了我的屋檐下。”但是他们回答说：“退后，不然我们要对你更糟。”他们就把罗德重重地挤开，闯了进去。
【语法】形容词或副词比较级 + than，是“比...更...”的意思；例句：He is younger than me.他比我（更）年轻；He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。
【语法】worse than 形容词或副词比较级 + than，是“比...更...”的意思；例句：He is younger than me. 他比我（更）年轻。He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。
【单词】shadow 名词 ['ʃædəʊ] n. 影子；阴影；荫
【单词】roof 名词 [ruːf] n. 屋顶
【单词】treat 动词 [triːt] v. 对待；处理
【单词】worse 原型：bad 副词比较级 [bæd] adv. 不好地
【单词】pressed 原型：press 动词过去式 [pres] v. 按；压；逼迫
【单词】advanced 原型：advance 动词过去式 [əd'vɑːns] v. 前进；上前
But the men reached out and drew Lot to them into the house and shut the door.
【译】那两人就伸手把罗德拉到屋里，把门关上。
【短语】reached out 原型：reach out 伸出，伸出手；例句：Reached out an arm. 伸出一只手臂
Then they smote the men who were at the door of the house, both small and great, with blindness, so that they grew tired of searching for the door.
【译】那些人打了在屋门口的人，老的少的，以及盲人，所以，他们慢慢厌倦了寻找门。
【短语】be tired of 表示“对……感到厌倦”，后接名词或者动名词。如：Are you tired of hearing this? 你是否已经厌倦了这个老话题？
【短语】search for 搜寻，寻找；例句：He is on a perpetual search for truth. 他始终在寻求真理。
【固定用法】so that既可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。在引导目的状语从句时，可以由in order that代替。在目的状语从句中，so that之前不用逗号，而在结果状语从句中，so that之前则往往要用逗号；另外，目的状语从句中的so that一般不可省去that，而结果状语从句中的so that则可省去that而意义不变。如：1) We arrived early so that we could get good seats.（so that在此引导一个目的状语从句，请注意目的状语从句常用can/could，may/might，will/would，should等助动词和情态动词）2) We arrived early, so (that) we got good seats.（so [that]在此引导一个结果状语从句。请注意结果状语从句往往不用目的状语从句所常用的助动词和情态动词）
【单词】smote 原型：smite 动词过去式 [smaɪt] v. 打；重击
【单词】blindness 名词 ['blaɪndnəs] n. 失明
Then the men said to Lot, "Have you any one else here?
【译】然后这两人就对罗得说：“你这儿还有其他人吗？”
【单词】else 副词 [els] adv. 其他；此外
Bring your sons-in-law, your sons, and daughters, and whoever you have in the city out of this place, for we are about to destroy it, because great complaint concerning the people has come to Jehovah and he has sent us to destroy it." So Lot went out and said to his sons-in-law, "Up, go out of this place, for Jehovah will destroy the city." But his sons-in-law thought he was only jesting.
【译】带上你的女婿，你的儿子和女儿，还有这个城市里所有和你有关系的人，离开这个地方，我们要毁灭掉它，因为Jehovah听到了对这里人们的极大的抱怨，他便差遣我们来摧毁它。”罗得就出去，告诉他的女婿，“起来，离开这地方，因为Jehovah要毁灭这城。”但是他的女婿却以为他只是开玩笑。
【短语】be about to 即将，打算；例句：He was about to start. 他即将动身。
【单词】sons-in-law 原型：son-in-law 名词复数形式 [sʌn ɪn lɔː] n. 女婿
【单词】whoever 代词 [huː'evə] pron. 无论谁；任何人
【单词】destroy 动词 [dɪ'strɔɪ] v. 破坏；摧毁
【单词】concerning 原型：concern 动词动名词 [kən'sɜːn] vt. 涉及；关系到
【单词】sent 原型：send 动词过去分词 [send] vt. 发送；派遣
【单词】jesting 原型：jest 动词进行时 [dʒest] v. 开玩笑
When the dawn appeared, the angels urged Lot, saying, "Get up, take your wife and your two daughters that you may not be swept away in the punishment of the city." When he hesitated, the men took him by the hand and led him and his wife and his two daughters outside the city, for Jehovah was merciful to him.
【译】当黎明来临时，两个使催促罗得说：“起来，带着你的妻子和两个女儿，在对这个城市进行惩罚时你们就不会被冲走。”在罗德犹豫时，他们拉着他的手，领着他和他的妻子和他的两个女儿出了城，因为Jehovah对他仁慈。
【单词】dawn 名词 [dɔːn] n. 黎明；曙光
【单词】appeared 原型：appear 动词过去式 [ə'pɪə] vi. 出现
【单词】urge 动词 [ɜːrdʒ] v. 力劝；催促
【单词】punishment 名词 ['pʌnɪʃmənt] n. 惩罚
【单词】hesitated 原型：hesitate 动词过去式 ['hezɪteɪt] vi. 犹豫
【单词】led 原型：lead 动词过去式 [liːd] v. 引导；带领
【单词】merciful 形容词 ['mɜːsɪfl] adj. 仁慈的；宽大的
When they had brought them outside, they said, "Run for your life; do not look behind you nor stay anywhere in the plain.
【译】这两个天使领他们出去的时候，说道：“你们快跑吧，不要回头看，也不要在平原的任何地方停留。
【单词】nor 连词 [nɔː] conj. 也不
【单词】anywhere 副词 ['eniweə] adv. 任何地方
【单词】plain 名词 [pleɪn] n. 平原；广阔的区域
Escape to the heights, that you may not be swept away!" But Lot said to them, "Oh, sirs, not so!
【译】逃到高处，这样你们就不会被冲走！”但是罗得对他们说：“哦，先生，不是这样的！
【语法】that可以引导名词性从句、定语从句；引导名词性从句时(即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)，that在从句中无具体含义，只起连接作用，而且在从句中也不作任何句子成分；它所引导的从句的句子结构和意义是完整的，而且从句一般是陈述一个事实。例如: That she was able to come made us very happy. 她能来使我们很高兴。The news that our team has won the match is true. 我们队赢了这场比赛的消息是真的. 当that引导的主语从句或宾语从句太长时，常用it作形式主语或宾语而把that从句放在后面；例如: It is well-known that the earth is round. 众所周知,地球是圆的。that引导定语从句要注意，如果定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who/that，修饰物时用which/that引导；例如:Is this the factory which/that makes TV sets? 这是生产电视机的工厂吗？如果定语从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用 who/whom/that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which/that或省略引导词；例如：Gone are the days which/that we spent together in the village. 逝去的是我们一同在乡村的时光。
【单词】height 名词 [haɪt] n. 高处
See, your servant has found favor with you, and you have shown great mercy to me in saving my life.
【译】看哪，你的仆人得宠于你，你就大大的怜悯我并救了我的命。
【短语】found favor with 原型：find favor with 得宠于人，得人好感；例句：Now computers find favor with customers. 例：现在电脑在顾客中很吃香。
【单词】favor 名词 ['feɪvə] n. 偏爱；好意
【单词】mercy 名词 ['mɜːsi] n. 仁慈；怜悯；恩惠
【单词】saving 原型：save 动词动名词 [seɪv] v. 救
I cannot escape to the heights, lest some evil overtake me, and I die.
【译】我不能逃到高处，免得有灾祸追上我，我就死了。
【单词】lest 连词 [lest] conj. 惟恐；以免；担心
【单词】evil 名词 ['iːvl] n. 邪恶；罪恶；灾祸
【单词】overtake 动词 [ˌəʊvə'teɪk] v. 赶上；突然来袭
See now, this village is near enough to run to, and it is small.
【译】现在看，跑去这个村子已经够近了，而且很小。
【单词】village 名词 ['vɪlɪdʒ] n. 村庄，乡村，村
Oh, let me escape there, and my life will be saved." Jehovah said to him, "I have also granted you this favor, in that I will not destroy the village of which you have spoken.
【译】噢，让我逃到那里去吧，那样我也能活命。” Jehovah说：“我也将这恩惠赐给你们，因为我必不毁灭你所说的村庄。
【短语】in that 因为；例句：He didn't attend the negotiation in that he was ill. 他因为有病，没有参加谈判。
【单词】granted 原型：grant 动词过去分词 [ɡrɑːnt] v. 授予；同意
Make haste, escape to it, for I can do nothing until you arrive there." The sun had risen when Lot came to Zoar.
【译】赶快，逃到那儿去，因为只有你到了那里我才能开始行动。“ 当罗得到达Zoar时，太阳已经升起。
【单词】haste 名词 [heɪst] n. 急速；急忙
【单词】risen 原型：rise 动词过去分词 [raɪz] vi. 上升；升起
【专有名词】Zoar n. [圣经]避难所
Then Jehovah caused brimstone and fire from heaven to rain upon Sodom and Gomorrah, and he destroyed those cities and all the plain, with all the people who lived in it and all that grew on the ground.
【译】然后Jehovah使得硫磺与火从天上倾注到Sodom和Gomorrah，他摧毁了那些城和所有平原，包括所有住在城里的人和地上生长的所有东西。
【单词】caused 原型：cause 动词过去式 [kɔːz] vt. 引起；使发生
【单词】brimstone 名词 ['brɪmstəʊn] n. 硫黄
【单词】heaven 名词 ['hevn] n. 天空；天堂
【单词】ground 名词 [ɡraʊnd] n. 地面
But Lot's wife, who was following him, looked back, and she became a pillar of salt.
【译】但是罗得的妻子跟随着他，回头望了一下，就成了一个盐柱。
【单词】following 原型：follow 动词进行式 ['fɒləʊ] v. 跟随
【单词】pillar 名词 ['pɪlə] n. 柱子；支柱
【单词】salt 名词 [sɔːlt] n. 盐
Early in the morning Abraham rose and went to the place where he had stood before Jehovah; and as he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the plain, he saw the smoke of the land going up as the smoke of a smelting-furnace.
【译】早上，亚伯拉罕起身走到他之前站在耶和华面前的地方；当他看向Sodom和Gomorrah以及所有的平原，他看到从地面上升起的烟雾就像冶炼炉里的烟。
【单词】toward 介词 [tə'wɔːd] prep. 向；朝
【单词】smoke 名词 [sməʊk] n. 烟
【单词】smelting-furnace 名词 [s'meltɪŋf'ɜːnɪs] n. 冶炼炉