光与生物钟 Light and the Biological Clock

Our bodies react to daylight.

我们的身体会对日光作出反应。

In fact, light is the most powerful environmental signal for re-setting our 【biological clock.】

生物钟

事实上，光是重置生物钟最有力的环境信号。

Part of the job of the biological clock is to control when we sleep and when we wake.

生物钟的部分职责是控制我们入睡和醒来的时间。

Light 【has a similar effect on 】a common insect: the fruit fly.

对……产生影响 have an effect on sb./sth.

光对一种常见的昆虫果蝇也有类似的效果。

So says Logan Roberts, a PhD student at the University of California, Irvine.

加州大学欧文分校的博士生洛根罗伯茨这样说道。

He was the lead writer of a report on the subject.

他是关于这个问题的一份报告的主要作者。

A long flight can affect one's biological clock,sometimes for days.

长途飞行可以影响人的生物钟,有时这种影响会持续好几天

Air travelers can get very tired and develop unpleasant feelings

当空中旅行者跨越时区长途飞行时,

when they fly great distances across time zones.

他们可能会感到非常疲劳,并产生不愉快的感觉。

The natural order of things can become

unbalanced on long, overseas trips from east to west or from west to east.

在从东到西或从西到东的长途海外旅行中,事物的自然秩序可能会平衡

In experiments, Logan Robots and other researchers removed the brains of genetically-engineered flies.

在实验中,洛根罗伯茨和其他研究人员移除了经过基因改造的果蝇的大脑。

The insects' genes were changed 【for the purpose of 】this study.

目的在于……

为了进行研究,他们改变了果蝇的基因。

The researchers kept the brains alive in a laboratory.

研究人员让果蝇的大脑在实验室中存活。

They used bursts of lights to change their circadian rhythm by two hours.

他们利用强光把果蝇的生理节奏调整了两个小时。

A circadian rhythm is a 24-hour cycle, a series of events or actions

生理节奏以24小时为周期,一系列事件或行为

that happen 【in the same order】, 【over and over again】.

以相同的顺序 in the same order

一而再再而三地 over and over again

This natural system tell our bodies when to sleep

And helps to control many other processes.

这个自然系统会告诉我们的身体何时入睡，并帮助控制许多其他生理过程。

This internal body clock is affected bye environmental signals, like sunlight and temperature.

这个内部生物钟会受到环境信号的影响,如阳光和温度。

Logan Roberts uses the word desynchronized when talking about the study and jet lag.

在谈到自己的研究和时差反应时,罗根罗伯茨使用了”去同步化”这个词。

This means to cause a process that takes place at times or in cycles, 【independent of 】another process.

独立于某人/某物而存在

Eg：If you earn a good salary,you can be financially independent of your parents.

“去同步化”是指产生一个独立于另一过程的，偶尔或周期性发生的过程。

In unscientific terms, you might say "【out of sync】"or "【out of whack】."

不同步

出故障 Eg：My whole day has been thrown out of whack by this accident.

用非学术术语表达,你可能会说“不同步"或"不正常”。

In this state of de-synchronization, he adds,

communication between some neurons weakens.
罗伯茨补充说,在这种不同步的状态下,有些神经元之间的交流会减弱。

He says using light to temporarily reset your biological clock before you travel

他说,在旅行前使用光线暂时重你的生物钟，

could help to reduce symptoms when you arrive at your final stop.

可以帮助你在到达终点时减轻症状。

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