Java POI的学习（二）——Excel

前言

同java POI的学习（一）——Word一致，需要导入jar包。
后面需要用到数据库驱动的jar,小伙伴自行下载咯。

实战

一、如何使用Java创建空excel表？

package com.silin;

import java.io.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;

public class CreateBlankExcel {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 创建空白工作簿
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // 使用特定的名称创建文件系统
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("createBlankWorkBook.xlsx"));

        // 使用file out对象编写操作工作簿
        workbook.write(out);
        out.close();
        System.out.println("createworkbook.xlsx written successfully");
    }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
createworkbook.xlsx written successfully

二、如何使用Java在电子表格中创建不同类型的单元格？

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class WriteDataToExcel {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 创建空白工作簿
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // 创建一个空白页
        XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet(" Employee Info ");

        // 创建行对象
        XSSFRow row;

        // 需要编写此数据(Object[])
        Map empinfo = new TreeMap();
        empinfo.put("1", new Object[] { "编号", "姓名", "描述" });

        empinfo.put("2", new Object[] { "10010", "李立", "技术经理" });

        empinfo.put("3", new Object[] { "10011", "张晓龙", "微信它爹" });

        empinfo.put("4", new Object[] { "10012", "王小飞", "技术作家" });

        empinfo.put("5", new Object[] { "10013", "库里", "NBA球员" });

        empinfo.put("6", new Object[] { "10014", "李双双", "体操运动员" });

        // 遍历数据并写入工作表
        Set keyid = empinfo.keySet();
        int rowid = 0;

        for (String key : keyid) {
            row = spreadsheet.createRow(rowid++);
            Object[] objectArr = empinfo.get(key);
            int cellid = 0;

            for (Object obj : objectArr) {
                Cell cell = row.createCell(cellid++);
                cell.setCellValue((String) obj);
            }
        }
        // 在文件系统中编写工作簿
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("Writesheet.xlsx"));

        workbook.write(out);
        out.close();
        System.out.println("Writesheet.xlsx written successfully");
    }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
Writesheet.xlsx written successfully

三、如何使用Java将不同样式应用于电子表格中的单元格？

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class TypesOfCellsInExcel {
   public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {

      //创建一个工作簿
      XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

      //创建一个电子表格
      XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("单元格类型");
      XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 2);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("单元格类型");
      row.createCell(1).setCellValue("单元格值");
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 3);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type BLANK");
      row.createCell(1);
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 4);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type BOOLEAN");
      row.createCell(1).setCellValue(true);
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 5);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type ERROR");
      row.createCell(1).setCellValue(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR );
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 6);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type date");
      row.createCell(1).setCellValue(new Date());
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 7);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type numeric" );
      row.createCell(1).setCellValue(20 );
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 8);

      row.createCell(0).setCellValue("set cell type string");
      row.createCell(1).setCellValue("A String");

      FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("typesofcells.xlsx"));
      workbook.write(out);
      out.close();
      System.out.println("typesofcells.xlsx written successfully");
   }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
typesofcells.xlsx written successfully

四、如何使用Java将不同样式应用于电子表格中的单元格？

package com.silin;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class DifferentStylesToCell {
   public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {

      //创建空白的工作薄
      XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

      //Create a Spread Sheet
      XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("cellstyle");
      XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 1);
      row.setHeight((short) 800);
      XSSFCell cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
      cell.setCellValue("test of merging");

     
      //用于合并单元格的语句
      spreadsheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(
         1,  //first row (0-based)
         1,  //last row (0-based)
         1,  //first column (0-based)
         4   //last column (0-based)
      )); 

      //排列
      row = spreadsheet.createRow(5);

      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(0);
      row.setHeight((short) 800);

      // Top Left alignment
      XSSFCellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();

      spreadsheet.setColumnWidth(0, 8000);
      style1.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
      style1.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_TOP);

      cell.setCellValue("Top Left");
      cell.setCellStyle(style1);
      row = spreadsheet.createRow(6);
      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(1);
      row.setHeight((short) 800);

      //单元格内容居中对齐
      XSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();

      style2.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
      style2.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
      cell.setCellValue("Center Aligned");
      cell.setCellStyle(style2);
      row = spreadsheet.createRow(7);
      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(2);
      row.setHeight((short) 800);

      //右下角对齐
      XSSFCellStyle style3 = workbook.createCellStyle();

      style3.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
      style3.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_BOTTOM);
      cell.setCellValue("Bottom Right");
      cell.setCellStyle(style3);
      row = spreadsheet.createRow(8);
      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell(3);

      //合理的调整
      XSSFCellStyle style4 = workbook.createCellStyle();

      style4.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_JUSTIFY);
      style4.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_JUSTIFY);
      cell.setCellValue("Contents are Justified in Alignment");
      cell.setCellStyle(style4);

      //边界
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 10);

      row.setHeight((short) 800);
      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
      cell.setCellValue("BORDER");
      XSSFCellStyle style5 = workbook.createCellStyle();

      style5.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THICK);
      style5.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.BLUE.getIndex());
      style5.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOUBLE);
      style5.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREEN.getIndex());
      style5.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_HAIR);
      style5.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex());
      style5.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);
      style5.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.CORAL.getIndex());
      cell.setCellStyle(style5);

      //填充颜色
      //背景颜色
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 10 );

      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
      XSSFCellStyle style6 = workbook.createCellStyle();

      style6.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.LEMON_CHIFFON.index );
      style6.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.LESS_DOTS);
      style6.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);

      spreadsheet.setColumnWidth(1,8000);
      cell.setCellValue("FILL BACKGROUNG/FILL PATTERN");
      cell.setCellStyle(style6);

      //前景颜色
      row = spreadsheet.createRow((short) 12);

      cell = (XSSFCell) row.createCell((short) 1);
      XSSFCellStyle style7=workbook.createCellStyle();
      style7.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
      style7.setFillPattern( XSSFCellStyle.LESS_DOTS);
      style7.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_FILL);

      cell.setCellValue("FILL FOREGROUND/FILL PATTERN");
      cell.setCellStyle(style7);

      FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(
         new File("differentCellStyle.xlsx"));

      workbook.write(out);
      out.close();
      System.out.println("cellstyle.xlsx written successfully");
   }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
cellstyle.xlsx written successfully

五、如何使用Java将字体应用于单元格的内容？

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class DifferentFontsToCell {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    // 创建一个工作薄
    XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

    // 创建一个电子表格
    XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("Fontstyle");
    XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow(2);

    // 创建一个新的字体并修改它
    XSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();

    font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 30);
    font.setFontName("IMPACT");
    font.setItalic(true);
    font.setColor(HSSFColor.BRIGHT_GREEN.index);

    // 设置字体样式
    XSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
    style.setFont(font);

    // 创建一个具有值的单元格并设置其样式。
    XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(1);

    cell.setCellValue("文字样式~");
    cell.setCellStyle(style);

    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("fontstyle.xlsx"));
    workbook.write(out);
    out.close();

    System.out.println("fontstyle.xlsx written successfully");
}

}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
fontstyle.xlsx written successfully

六、如何使用Java设置单元格中的文本的方向？

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class TextDirectionInCell {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 创建工作薄
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // 创建一个电子表格
        XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("Text direction");
        XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow(2);
        XSSFCellStyle myStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        myStyle.setRotation((short) 0);
        XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(1);

        cell.setCellValue("0D angle");
        cell.setCellStyle(myStyle);

        // 30度
        myStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        myStyle.setRotation((short) 30);

        cell = row.createCell(3);
        cell.setCellValue("30D angle");
        cell.setCellStyle(myStyle);

        // 90 度
        myStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        myStyle.setRotation((short) 90);

        cell = row.createCell(5);
        cell.setCellValue("90D angle");
        cell.setCellStyle(myStyle);

        // 120 度
        myStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        myStyle.setRotation((short) 120);

        cell = row.createCell(7);
        cell.setCellValue("120D angle");
        cell.setCellStyle(myStyle);

        // 270 度
        myStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        myStyle.setRotation((short) 270);
        cell = row.createCell(9);
        cell.setCellValue("270D angle");
        cell.setCellStyle(myStyle);

        // 360 度
        myStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        myStyle.setRotation((short) 360);

        cell = row.createCell(12);
        cell.setCellValue("360D angle");
        cell.setCellStyle(myStyle);
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("textdirection.xlsx"));

        workbook.write(out);
        out.close();

        System.out.println("textdirection.xlsx written successfully");
    }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
textdirection.xlsx written successfully

七、如何使用Java向单元格的内容添加超链接？

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.common.usermodel.Hyperlink;
import org.apache.poi.common.usermodel.HyperlinkType;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFHyperlink;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class AddHyperlinkToCell {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 创建工作薄
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // 创建一个电子表格
        XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("Hyperlinks");
        XSSFCell cell;

        CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
        XSSFCellStyle hlinkstyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        XSSFFont hlinkfont = workbook.createFont();

        hlinkfont.setUnderline(XSSFFont.U_SINGLE);
        hlinkfont.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
        hlinkstyle.setFont(hlinkfont);

        // URL链接
        cell = spreadsheet.createRow(1).createCell((short) 1);
        cell.setCellValue("URL Link");
        XSSFHyperlink link = (XSSFHyperlink) createHelper.createHyperlink(HyperlinkType.URL);

        link.setAddress("http://www.yiibai.com/");
        cell.setHyperlink((XSSFHyperlink) link);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlinkstyle);

        // 超链接到当前目录中的文件
        cell = spreadsheet.createRow(2).createCell((short) 1);
        cell.setCellValue("File Link");

        link = (XSSFHyperlink) createHelper.createHyperlink(HyperlinkType.URL);

        link.setAddress("cellstyle.xlsx");

        cell.setHyperlink(link);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlinkstyle);

        // 电子邮件链接
        cell = spreadsheet.createRow(3).createCell((short) 1);
        cell.setCellValue("Email Link");

        link = (XSSFHyperlink) createHelper.createHyperlink(HyperlinkType.EMAIL);
        link.setAddress("mailto:[email protected]?subject=Hyperlink");

        cell.setHyperlink(link);
        cell.setCellStyle(hlinkstyle);
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("addHyperlink.xlsx"));

        // 写的内容
        workbook.write(out);
        out.close();
        System.out.println("hyperlink.xlsx written successfully");
    }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
hyperlink.xlsx written successfully

八、如何使用Java设置电子表格的打印区域？

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFPrintSetup;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class SettingPrintAreaToSpreadSheet {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 创建工作薄
        XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
        XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("Print Area");

        // 使用索引设置打印区域
        workbook.setPrintArea(0, // sheet index
                0, // start column
                5, // end column
                0, // start row
                5 // end row
        );

        // 设置纸张大小
        spreadsheet.getPrintSetup().setPaperSize(XSSFPrintSetup.A4_PAPERSIZE);

        // 是否设置显示网格线
        spreadsheet.setDisplayGridlines(true);

        // set print grid lines or not
        spreadsheet.setPrintGridlines(true);
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("printarea.xlsx"));

        workbook.write(out);
        out.close();

        System.out.println("printarea.xlsx written successfully");
    }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
printarea.xlsx written successfully

九、如何使用Java将数据从数据库插入到电子表格中？

在数据库：testdb中，创建一个emp表，其表结构和数据记录如下 -

CREATE TABLE `emp` (
  `emp_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `age` tinyint(2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `salary` float(10,2) unsigned DEFAULT '0.00',
  `dept` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`emp_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=103 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of emp
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES ('100', '王大大', '25', '8100.00', '技术');
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES ('101', ' 李小伟', '38', '1200.00', '市场');
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES ('102', ' 张方择', '29', '13500.00', '综合');

以下是使用Java将数据从数据库插入到电子表格中的程序。

package com.silin;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class InsertDataFromDataBaseToSpreadSheet {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

      //连接到数据库
      Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
      Connection connect = DriverManager.getConnection(
         "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?useSSL=false", "root" , "123456");

      //从表emp_tbl获取数据
      Statement statement = connect.createStatement();
      ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM emp");

      //创建一个工作薄
      XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

      //创建一个电子表格
      XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("员工数据信息");
      XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow(1);
      XSSFCell cell;

      cell = row.createCell(1);
      cell.setCellValue("编号");

      cell = row.createCell(2);
      cell.setCellValue("姓名");

      cell = row.createCell(3);
      cell.setCellValue("年龄");

      cell = row.createCell(4);
      cell.setCellValue("薪水");

      cell = row.createCell(5);
      cell.setCellValue("部门");
      int i = 2;

      while(resultSet.next()) {
         row = spreadsheet.createRow(i);
         cell = row.createCell(1);
         cell.setCellValue(resultSet.getInt("emp_id"));

         cell = row.createCell(2);
         cell.setCellValue(resultSet.getString("name"));

         cell = row.createCell(3);
         cell.setCellValue(resultSet.getString("age"));

         cell = row.createCell(4);
         cell.setCellValue(resultSet.getString("salary"));

         cell = row.createCell(5);
         cell.setCellValue(resultSet.getString("dept"));
         i++;
      }

      FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(
         new File("excel_from_database.xlsx"));

      workbook.write(out);
      out.close();

      System.out.println("excel_from_database.xlsx written successfully");
   }
}

执行上面示例代码，得到以下结果 -
excel_from_database.xlsx written successfully