Unity Git 项目解决合并冲突

Unity项目使用git进行版本控制，最头疼的就是二进制文件。为此，Unity官方开发了YAMLMerge.exe工具，随着Unity一同发布。使用这个工具，需要进行一些设置。

1. 安装一款合适的 fallback merge tool，作为Unity Automerge 失败后的补救措施。推荐Diff Merge
2. （如果安装了Diff Merge可跳过这一步）打开Unity安装目录D:\Program Files\Unity\Editor\Data\Tools。找到这个文件mergespecfile.txt.

#
# UnityYAMLMerge fallback file
#

# Modify the next two lines if scene or prefab files should fallback
# on other that the default fallbacks listed below.
#
# %l is replaced with the path of you local version
# %r is replaced with the path of the incoming remote version
# %b is replaced with the common base version
# %d is replaced with a path where the result should be written to
# On Windows %programs% is replaced with "C:\Program Files" and "C:\Program Files (x86)" there by resulting in two entries to try out
# On OSX %programs% is replaced with "/Applications" and "$HOME/Applications" thereby resulting in two entries to try out

# 这两行可替换
unity use "%programs%\YouFallbackMergeToolForScenesHere.exe" "%l" "%r" "%b" "%d"
prefab use "%programs%\YouFallbackMergeToolForPrefabsHere.exe" "%l" "%r" "%b" "%d"

#
# Default fallbacks for unknown files. First tool found is used.
#

# Apple File Merge
* use "/usr/bin/opendiff" %r %l -ancestor %b -merge %d

# Beyond Compare
* use "%programs%\Beyond Compare 4\bcomp.exe" "%r" "%l" "%b" "%d"
* use "%programs%\Beyond Compare 3\bcomp.exe" "%r" "%l" "%b" "%d"
* use "%programs%/Beyond Compare.app/Contents/MacOS/bcomp" "%r" "%l" "%b" "%d"
* use "/usr/bin/bcompare" "%r" "%l" "%b" "%d"

# Araxis Merge
* use "%programs%\Araxis\Araxis Merge\compare.exe" /3 /a2 /wait /title1:"Other" /title2:"Base" /title3:"Local" "%l" "%b" "%r" "%d"
* use "%programs%/Araxis Merge.app/Contents/Utilities/compare" -3 -a2 -wait -title1:"Other" -title2:"Base" -title3:"Local" "%l" "%b" "%r" "%d"

# Perforce merge
* use "%programs%\Perforce\p4merge.exe" "%b" "%r" "%l" "%d"
* use "%programs%/p4merge.app/Contents/Resources/launchp4merge" "%b" "%r" "%l" "%d"

# PlasticSCM merge
* use "%programs%\PlasticSCM5\client\mergetool.exe" -b=%b -s=%l -d=%r -r=%d
* use "%programs%\PlasticSCM4\client\mergetool.exe" -b=%b -s=%l -d=%r -r=%d
* use "%programs%/PlasticSCM/client/mergetool" -b=%b -s=%l -d=%r -r=%d
* use "/opt/plasticscm/client/mergetool" -b=%b -s=%l -d=%r -r=%d
* use "/opt/plasticscm4/client/mergetool" -b=%b -s=%l -d=%r -r=%d

# SourceGear DiffMerge
* use "%programs%\SourceGear\DiffMerge\DiffMerge.exe" --nosplash -m -t1="Incoming Changes"  -t2="Base" -t3="Working Copy" -r="%d" "%l" "%b" "%r"
* use "%programs%\SourceGear\Common\DiffMerge\sgdm.exe" --nosplash -m -t1="Incoming Changes"  -t2="Base" -t3="Working Copy" -r="%d" "%l" "%b" "%r"
* use "%programs%/DiffMerge.app/Contents/MacOS/DiffMerge" --nosplash -m -t1="Incoming Changes"  -t2="Base" -t3="Working Copy" -r="%d" "%l" "%b" "%r"
* use "%programs%/Utilities/DiffMerge.app/Contents/MacOS/DiffMerge" --nosplash -m -t1="Incoming Changes"  -t2="Base" -t3="Working Copy" -r="%d" "%l" "%b" "%r"

这个文件规定了merge失败后用哪个diff merge工具，unity use是解决场景冲突，prefab use是解决prefab冲突。可以根据你使用的Merge工具进行更换。比如，你使用perfoce的话，就把上面那两行换成：

unity use "C:\Program Files\Perforce\p4merge.exe" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
prefab use "C:\Program Files\Perforce\p4merge.exe" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"

Diff Merge的话就不用管了，它会自动接管merge失败所有后续操作。

3. Git工程设置
   进入你git工程下的.git文件夹，打开config文件，在文件末尾添加以下内容：

[merge]
 tool = unityyamlmerge
[mergetool "unityyamlmerge"]
 trustExitCode = false
 cmd = 'D:\\Program Files\\Unity\\Editor\\Data\\Tools\\UnityYAMLMerge.exe' merge -p "$BASE" "$REMOTE" "$LOCAL" "$MERGED"

注意：网上很多人说在工程目录下新建.gitconfig文件，添加以上内容。测试这样不行，而且还有一个问题，这个文件会随着工程一起同步，而大家unity安装目录是不同的，所以基本无法使用。

4. unity工程设置：

   
   
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5. 使用：
   如果工程merge出现冲突，

   
   
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• 输入git mergetool, 就会自动调用YAMLMerge。自动修复场景和prefab文件冲突。
  
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• 当遇到不能解决的冲突时，将自动打开你定义的fallback merge tool，然后你自己决定保留哪个就行了。

• 冲突解决完毕后，git add --all or git add . 提交修改，然后 git rebase --continue(rebase) 或 git merge --continue继续合并。
  
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