#口语粉碎机# L1 Day37【打卡序列02】
过去完成时
【给出下列句子的英文/中文释义】
1. 我来之前他们已经把房子打扫干净了。
翻译：Before I came, they had cleaned the house.
答案：They had cleaned the house before I came.
2. 昨晚 9 点前我们已经完成了工作。
翻译：We had finished our work before 9 o'clock last night.
答案：We had finished the work by nine o’clock last night.
解析：by&before
before常与一般将来时或过去时连用。
by后是将来的时间，则常与将来完成时连用，若by后是过去的时间，则常与过去完成时连用。
3. 我们到那的时候，动车已经开了。
翻译：When we arrived, the bullet train had gone.
答案：When we got there, the bullet train had left.
解析：动车CRN/bullet train
arrive 到达，原句是到那got there 更好
4. 她跟我说她以前看过那本书。
翻译：She told me she had read that book.
答案：She told me she had read the book before.
解析：以前，没有翻译出来
5. 到 2015 年底，他们已经完成了那个项目。
翻译：They had finished that project at the end of 2015.
答案：They had completed the project by the end of 2015.
解析：finish & complete
＊finish
to complete something or come to the end of an activity完成，（使）完结
＊complete
to finish doing something完成；完工；结束
＊at the end of，by the end of
这一对短语的意思都是“在…的末了”、“在…的一端”，意义上相似，但使用场合有所不同。
一般说来，at the end of用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意。例：
The school is situated at the end of the street．
He is at the end of his wits．
By the end of用于表示时间的场合，往往含有“不迟于”的意味。值得注意的是，at the end of亦可用于表示时间的场合但其义和by the end of有所不同。试对比下面两例：
at the end of January 一月底（指一月份的最后一天）
by the end of January 一月底之前（指一月份结束前的几天）
6. 我本打算准时到那的。
翻译：I had intended to arrive there on time.
答案：I had intended to be there on time.
7. 她本打算是要去机场送你的。
翻译：She had intended to deliver you to airport.
答案：She had meant to see you off at the airport.
解析：送别，送行see off
8. 她意识到她犯了个错。/ 她知道错了。
翻译：She realized that she had made a mistake.
答案：She realized that she had made a mistake.
9. 他本想帮你的，但当时没时间。
翻译：He had wanted to help you, but he didn't have time at that moment.
答案：He had wanted to help you, but he had no time then.
解析：then
at that time in the past or in the future
在当时（过去或未来）（的）；在那时（的）
10. 我是想要让自己在闹钟响起来的时候就起床，不过我昏沉沉的大脑总是能说服我重新躺回去。
翻译：I had wanted to get up when the alarm clock rang, but my dizzy brain always persuaded me lay down again.
答案：I had intended to get up when the alarm went off, but my foggy brain
kept negotiating me right back to sleep.
解析：昏沉沉的大脑foggy brain
说服我重新躺回去
kept negotiating me right back to sleep
kept negotiating表现出自己挣扎的样子
right back马上返回
心得：
本次翻译重点是过去完成时。特别是，表示非真实的过去“本来要”，可以使用的词有：intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think 。
还有by, before, at/by the end of 的介词用法，也进行了整理复盘和巩固。
【重点】选择题：
I ___five cups of coffee this afternoon.
A.have been drinking B.have drunk
答案选B,完成进行时态不能用来谈论某个动作的具体次数或几件事情。
这里，说出了具体的数目——五杯咖啡。所以用完成时，不用完成进行时。
✨举一反三✨
比如，今天上午到目前为止我写了三封信。这句话应该用什么时态呢？
A.I have written three letters this morning。
B.I have been writing three letters this morning。
WHICH ONE?