读外刊学英语 | 改变消极心态，你需要学这几招（3）

This is not to say that one must always be positive to be healthy and happy. Clearly, there are times and situations that naturally result in negative feelings in the most upbeat（上升期）of individuals. Worry, sadness, anger and other such "downers" have their place in any normal life. But chronically viewing the glass as half-empty is detrimental（有害的）both mentally and physically and inhibits one's ability to bounce back from life's inevitable stresses.

这并不是说，一个人想要健康快乐，就必须一直很积极。显然，有些时候和一些情况会自然而然地让最乐观的人产生消极的感受。忧虑、悲伤、愤怒以及其他类似的“沮丧”存在于每一个普通人的生活当中。但总是看到杯子只剩下一半水，不仅有碍身心健康，还会抑制一个人抵住生活中不可避免的压力、重焕生机的能力。

本段包含词汇

chronically ['krɔnikli] adv.慢性地；长期地

（chronic disease 慢性病）

inhibit [ɪn’hɪbɪt] v.阻碍；抑制

bounce [baʊns] v.反弹

*inevitable [ɪn’evɪtəb(ə)l] adj.必然的；不可避免的

Negative feelings activate a region of the brain called the amygdala（杏仁核）, which is involved in processing fear and anxiety and other emotions. Dr. Richard J. Davidson, a neuroscientist（神经科学家）and founder of the Centre for Healthy Minds at the University of Wisconsin, has shown that people in whom the amygdala（杏仁核）recovers slowly from a threat are at greater risk for a variety of health problems than those in whom it recovers quickly.

负面情绪会激活脑部一个名为杏仁核的区域，它与恐惧、焦虑等情绪的处理有关。威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校健康心灵研究中心的创始人、神经科学家Richard J. Davidson博士发现，遇到威胁后杏仁核平复较慢的人，会比杏仁核平复较快的那些人面临更大的健康风险。

本段包含词汇

*activate [‘æktɪveɪt] v.激活

*process [‘prəʊses] v.处理；加工

*anxiety  [æŋ’zaɪətɪ] n.焦虑

*recover [rɪ’kʌvə] v.恢复

Both he and Fredrickson and their colleagues have demonstrated that the brain is "plastic," or capable of generating new cells and pathways, and it is possible to train the circuitry（回路）in the brain to promote more positive responses. That is, a person can learn to be more positive by practicing certain skills that foster positivity.

这位博士与Fredrickson，以及他们的同事开展的研究表明，大脑具有“弹性”，或者说可以产生新细胞和通路，我们有可能通过训练脑回路来催生更为积极的反应。也就是说，一个人可以通过使用培养积极情绪的特定技巧，学着变得更积极。

本段包含词汇

*demonstrate ['demənstreɪt] v.说明；演示；证明；游行示威

*plastic ['plæstɪk] adj.可塑的；塑料的；（外科）塑形的

（整容手术：plastic surgery）

*capable [‘keɪpəb(ə)l] adj.有能力的；能胜任的

*be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事

*generate ['dʒenəreɪt] vt.使形成；生殖；发生

pathway ['pɑːθweɪ] n.路；径

foster [‘fɒstə] v.促进