课前想一想
1.How many giant pandas remain in western China?
2.How can we create a population of pandas in captivity?
3.What does"relentlessly"mean?
词汇装备库
1.literally/'ltereli/(adv.)确实地；名副其实地
2.iconic/ai'ka:nik/(adj.)(尤指能代表某种观点或某一时代）非常出名的，受欢迎的
3.brink/bnnk/(n.)(事情发生的）边缘始发点；(峭壁、崖的）边缘
4.extinction/ik'stinkjn/
(n.)灭绝，灭种
the brink of extinction 灭绝的边缘
5.giant/'dgarent/(adj.)巨大的，特大的（n.)巨人；(成功且有影响的）伟人；巨头，大公司
6.craggy/'kraegi/
(adj.)陡峭的，多岩石的
7.mount/maunt/(v.)增加；增长；上升；组织；发动；开展；举行
8.pioneering/,parninn/(adj.)先驱性的，开创性的
pioneering techniques
创新技术
9.roam/roum/
(v.)闲逛（于）;漫步（于）;漫游（于）10.peculiar/pr'kju:lier/
(adj.)奇怪的，古怪的
11.captivity/kaep'tiveti/(n.)关押；四禁in captivity被关押的
词句兵工厂
But an international rescue is under-way. It's an attempt to correct our mistakes
但是，国际救援正在行动，一切只为弥补我们曾经犯下的过错。
Note:
1.rescue/'reskju:/
(n.)(v.)救援；营救；解救
*后面跟介词of
the rescue of the crash victims
营救车祸遇难者
come to sb's rescue 挽救，搭救某人
A lifeboat came to the yachtsman's rescue
一艘救生艇挽救了快艇驾驶者的生命。
rescue sb/sth from sb/sth
从...中解救某人
The government has refused to rescue the company from bankruptcy政府已经拒绝援助这家濒于破产的公司。
2.underway/,Ander'weI/
(adj.)进行中的，正在发生的
*underway不能用于名词前
Economic recovery is already under-way.经济已经开始复苏了。
get underway开始
Your peace will be shattered when the tourist season gets underway.
一旦旅游季开始，你的宁静就要被打破了。
3.attempt/a'tempt/(n.)(尤指为完成难事而进行的）努力，尝试
attempt to do sth为做...的努力
All attempts to control inflation have failed.
控制通货膨胀的所有努力都失败了。
make attempts 做出努力、尝试
She made several attempts to escape.她多次尝试逃跑。
词句兵工厂
They'll grow up here, on the edge of the city, as China's other cities spread re-lentlessly into the wild.
它们将在这里成长，这里是城市的边际，如同其他中国城市一样，残酷无情地吞噬自然的地方。
Note:
1.edge/ed/(n.)边，边缘；优势
the edge of sth 某地/物的边缘
Jennifer walked to the edge of the wood.珍妮弗走到了树林的边上。
In terms of experience, she definitely had the edge over the other people that we interviewed.
就工作经验而言，她显然要比我们面试过的其他人都胜出一筹。
the cutting edge of sth
某事物发展的尖端，最前沿
the cutting-edge scientific discoveries最前沿的科学发现
2.spread/spred/(v.)蔓延，扩散
3.relentlessly /ri'lentlesli/
(adj.)无情地，残酷地
Summer there is relentlessly hot.
那里的夏天热得要命。
词句兵工厂
The ultimate goal is to release them into the wild.
最终目标是将它们放归自然。
Note:
1.ultimate/'Altrmet/(adj.)(目标等）最终的，首要的；或者最终的，终极的ultimate goal/aim/objective/target最终的目标
My manager will make the ultimate decision about who to employ.
我的经理会最终决定雇佣谁。
2.release/rr'li:s/(v.)释放，放出；发表；专辑、电影等发行，上映；宣泄，发泄
The bears are eventually released into the wild.
这些熊最终被放归野外。
The band's latest album will be re-leased next week.
该乐队的最新专辑将在下周发行。
Physical exercise is a good way of releasing stress.
做运动是一种很好的宣泄情绪，释放压力的方式。
词句兵工厂
These males, whose lives are more sedentary than those in the wild, have
a daily sexercise to strengthen the leg muscles in preparation for the rigors of mating.
圈养的雄性大熊猫与野生大熊猫相比更少活动，它们得每天锻炼肌肉力量，以备交配时严酷的挑战。
Note:
1.sedentary/'sednteri/
(adj.)久坐不动的，缺乏锻炼的
a sedentary job/occupatior
久坐的工作/职业
sedentary lifestyle 久坐的生活方式
My doctor says I should start play-ing sport because my lifestyle is too sedentary.
医生说，我应该进行些体育运动，因为我的生活方式太缺少活动了。
2.strengthen/'stren/(v.)使身体强健；增强，加固；改善
strengthen something's ties/bonds/links
增强...之间的联系
The university hopes to strengthen its ties with the local community.
这所大学希望加强和当地社区的联系。
3.in preparation for为某事做准备
He is practicing every day, in prepa-ration for the ice-skating champion-ship.
为了备战滑冰锦标赛，他每天都在练习。
4.rigor/riger/(n.)严厉，严格
the rigors of sth 严峻，严酷
the rigors of mating 交配的严酷
They survived the rigors of the winter.
他们教过了严冬。
语法轻知识
关于turn off的不同意义和表达
Marker sentence:
In the wild, they'll mate with as many females as they can, but the conditions in captivity simply turn them off.
在野外，它们能够尽情与雌性交配，然而在圈养环境下，这种条件早已断绝。
turn与介词off搭配时有很多含义。在这个句子里它表示关掉，截断。除了“关掉，截断”这个最基本的意思以外，turn off还有哪些含义？
1.turn off(sth)
拐弯（离开...),转入另一条路
She turned off onto a side street.
她拐进了一条小巷。
Turn off the motorway at the next exit.
在下一个出口出高速路。
2.turn-off
turn和off中间用连字符连接起来构成一个名词，表示岔道，支路。
the turn-off for the airport
通往机场的岔道
3.turn(itself)off
(机器或设备）关掉，停止运转
The heating turns off automatically at 9:30.
供暖系统在9:30自动关闭。
4. turn sb off (sb/sth)
使（对某人或事物）失去兴趣，使厌烦
The smell turned me off my food那气味让我失去了食欲。
实战练兵场
(托福TPO真题阅读选段）
Cases in which many species become extinct within a geologically short inter-val of time are called mass extinctions.There was one such event at the end of the Cretaceous period (around 70 mil-lion years ago). There was another,even larger , mass extinction at the end of the Permian period (around 250 mil-lion years ago). The Permian event has attracted much less attention than other mass extinctions because mostly unfamiliar species perished at that
1. Paragraph 1 supports which of the following statements about mass ex-tinctions
A. They take place over a period of 70million years.
B. They began during the Cretaceous period
C. They eliminate many animal species that exist at the time they occur .
D. They occur every 250 million years.重点解析：
根据mass extinction我们可以定位到这段话的第一句，这句话是对mass ex-tinction做出解释，大量生物在短时间内灭绝的这种现象叫做大灭绝事件。后面的部分是讲了两次大灭绝事件发生的时间：70 million and 250 million years ago。再来看四个选项：
A.They take place over a period of 70million years.大灭绝事件的发生是一个时间点，不是一个时间段，可以排除。
B. They began during the Cretaceous period. cretaceous指白亚纪的，原文是at the end of the Cretaceous period ,而不是began,排除B
C . They eliminate many animal spe cies that exist at the time they occur.
eliminate表示消灭，清除，它们消灭了当时存在的许多动物物种。与中心句意思相符。
D. They occur every 250 million years.原文中并没有提及，不选。
答案：C
文化加油站
Pandas' crucial role in forests
大熊猫在竹林中发挥着至关重要的作用，它们在森林里漫步，传播了种子，从而促进植被的生长。在大熊猫生活的长江流域的森林里有许多野生动物，如矮蓝羊，五彩野鸡和其他濒临灭绝的物种，包括金丝猴，羚牛和朱鹦。
四川大熊猫栖息地一卧龙、四姑娘山和夹金山脉位于中国四川省境内，成都平原与川西高原之间。这里也是数百万人的家园。增强这一领域发展的可持续性，同时也在帮助提高当地人口的生活质量。大熊猫通过生态旅游也为当地社区带来巨大的经济利益。
Pandas play a crucial role in the
bamboo forests where they roam by spreading seeds and facilitating growth of vegetation. In the Yangtze Basin where pandas live, the forests are home to a stunning array of wildlife such as dwarf blue sheep, multicolored pheas-ants and other endangered species, in-cluding the golden monkey, takin and crested ibis.
The panda's habitat is at the geo-graphic and economic heart of China,home to millions of people. By making this area more sustainable, we are also helping to increase the quality of life of local populations. Pandas bring huge economic benefits to local communi-ties through ecotourism .
主题打包盒
1.大熊猫熟态可探，惹人喜爱，但是现在它们的数量却非常稀少，濒临灭绝。为了弥补人类犯下的过错，一项国际救援正在进行，人们希望通过尖端技术，增加圈养大熊猫的数量，然后将它们放归自然。
2.熊猫已经存在了数百万年，然而它们最大的威胁却是现代人类。在热闹的成都市郊，住着一群大熊猫，这里是成都大熊猫繁育研究基地，在这里圈养的熊猫能够得到周全的保护。
3.近20年来，熊猫的大半栖息地已被毁坏杂尽，如今人们尽力保护仅剩的那些地方，但是却无法保证繁殖缓慢的熊猫种群。因此在熊猫基地，人们准备繁殖出更多熊猫，而至关重要的是繁育出稳定的种群，这项任务实属不易。