Redis key过期事件的监听

redis自2.8.0之后版本提供Keyspace Notifications功能，允许客户订阅Pub / Sub频道，以便以某种方式接收影响Redis数据集的事件。

事件类型

对于每个修改数据库的操作，键空间通知都会发送两种不同类型的事件消息：keyspace 和 keyevent。以 keyspace 为前缀的频道被称为键空间通知（key-space notification），而以 keyevent 为前缀的频道则被称为键事件通知（key-event notification）。例如，针对数据库0中名为mykey的键的DEL操作将触发如下两个消息的发送:

PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:mykey del
PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del mykey

开启事件通知

为了节约cup资源，事件通知默认是没有开启的 notify-keyspace-events ""

相关默认配置:

############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################

# Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space.
# This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/notifications
#
# For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client
# performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two
# messages will be published via Pub/Sub:
#
# PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del
# PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo
#
# It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set
# of classes. Every class is identified by a single character:
#
#  K     Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@__ prefix.
#  E     Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@__ prefix.
#  g     Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ...
#  $     String commands
#  l     List commands
#  s     Set commands
#  h     Hash commands
#  z     Sorted set commands
#  x     Expired events (events generated every time a key expires)
#  e     Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory)
#  A     Alias for g$lshzxe, so that the "AKE" string means all the events.
#
#  The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed
#  of zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications
#  are disabled.
#
#  Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the
#           event name, use:
#
#  notify-keyspace-events Elg
#
#  Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel
#             name __keyevent@0__:expired use:
#
#  notify-keyspace-events Ex
#
#  By default all notifications are disabled because most users don't need
#  this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don't
#  specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered.
notify-keyspace-events ""

配置详解:

字符	发送通知
K	键空间通知，所有通知以 keyspace@ 为前缀，针对Key
E	键事件通知，所有通知以 keyevent@ 为前缀，针对event
g	DEL 、 EXPIRE 、 RENAME 等类型无关的通用命令的通知
$	字符串命令的通知
l	列表命令的通知
s	集合命令的通知
h	哈希命令的通知
z	有序集合命令的通知
x	过期事件：每当有过期键被删除时发送
e	驱逐(evict)事件：每当有键因为 maxmemory 政策而被删除时发送
A	参数 g$lshzxe 的别名，相当于是All

修改:

将notify-keyspace-events ""改为notify-keyspace-events "Ex"

Python代码示例

以下代码用python实现监听过期事件

import redis


r = redis.StrictRedis()
pub = r.pubsub()  # Return a Publish/Subscribe object.
pub.subscribe('__keyevent@0__:expired')

for msg in pub.listen():
    print(msg['type'])
    print(msg['channel'])
    print(msg['data'])