2023-02-11

正文

The slow death of surveillance capitalism has begun

“监控资本主义”已经开始缓慢死亡

Surveillance capitalism just got a kicking. In an ultimatum, the European Union has demanded that Meta reform its approach to personalized advertising — a seemingly unremarkable regulatory ruling that could have profound consequences for a company that has grown impressively rich by running ads.***

前不久,“监控资本主义”碰壁了——欧盟发出最后通牒,要求 Meta 公司改革其个性化广告策略。这一监管裁决看似稀松平常,却可能对一家依靠广告运营发家致富的公司产生深远影响。

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The ruling, which comes with a €390 million fine attached, is targeted specifically at Facebook and Instagram, but it's a huge blow to Big Tech as a whole. It's also a sign that GDPR, Europe's landmark privacy law that was introduced in 2018, actually has teeth.

虽然这项附加了 3.9 亿欧元罚款的裁决专门针对 Facebook 和 Instagram,但对于所有大型科技公司而言,都是一个巨大的打击。这也标志着,2018 年出台的、欧洲具有里程碑意义的隐私法——《通用数据保护条例(GDPR)》——实际已经生效。

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To appreciate why, you need to understand how Meta makes its billions. Right now, Meta users opt in to personalized advertising by agreeing to the company's terms of service — a lengthy contract users must accept to use its products.

为了理解其中的原因,你需要了解 Meta 公司是如何赚取巨额利润的。目前,Meta 的用户在同意公司的服务条款后会自动参与个性化广告计划。而公司的服务条款是非常冗长的合同,且强制用户在使用产品前接受。

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Ireland's data watchdog said bundling personalized ads with terms of service in this way was a violation of GDPR.

爱尔兰的数据监督机构表示,以这种方式将个性化广告与服务条款捆绑在一起是违反《通用数据保护条例》的。

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EU regulators did not tell Meta how to reform its operations, but many believe the company has only one option — to introduce an Apple-style system that asks users explicitly if they want to be tracked.

欧盟监管机构没有告诉 Meta 公司如何改革其业务,但许多人认为,该公司只有一个选择,即引入类似苹果风格的系统,明确询问用户是否希望被跟踪。

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Meta denies it has to alter the way it operates in response to the EU ruling, claiming it just needs to find a new way to legally justify how it processes people's data.

Meta 公司表示,不会为了应对欧盟的裁决而改变其运作方式,它声称只需要找到一种新的方式,从法律上证明其处理人们数据的方式是合理的。

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"We want to reassure users and businesses that they can continue to benefit from personalized advertising across the EU through Meta's platforms," the company said in a statement.

该公司在一份声明中表示:“我们希望向用户和企业保证,他们可以通过 Meta 提供的平台,继续从欧盟各地的个性化广告中受益。”

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主编:桃子、Hazel

品控:桃子、蘑菇

审核:Hazel

重点词汇

kicking

/ˈkɪkɪŋ/

n. 溃败

相关词汇:kick(v. 踢)

搭配短语:kick your ass(狠狠教训)

ultimatum

/ˌʌl.təˈmeɪ.t̬əm/

n. 最后通牒

相关词汇:ultimate(adj. 最终的,终极的)

近义词:final

搭配短语:our ultimate goal(人生的终极目标)

搭配短语:to issue or deliver or give an ultimatum to sb.(向某人发出最后通牒)

reform

/rɪˈfɔːrm/

v. 改进,改革

词性拓展:reform(n. 改革)

搭配短语:a reform of the legal system(法律制度的改革)

搭配短语:to reform the social security system(改革社会保险体制)

personalized

/ˈpɝː.sən.əl.aɪzd/

adj. 个性化的

相关词汇:personalize(v. 为个人特制,个性化定制)

搭配短语:to personalize a souvenir(为公司定制一个纪念品)

搭配短语:to hire a trainer to create a personalized exercise schedule(找健身教练量身订做一个塑身计划)

搭配短语:a highly personalized service(高度个性化的服务)

unremarkable

/ˌʌn.rɪˈmɑːr.kə.bəl/

adj. 平常的,普通的

词根词缀:un-(表示否定)

反义词:remarkable(adj. 非凡的,引人注目的)

搭配短语:a remarkable achievement(非凡的成就)

搭配短语:a remarkable man(了不起的人物)

搭配短语:an unremarkable town(一个普通的城镇)

profound

/prəˈfaʊnd/

adj. 深远的

例句:There will be profound changes in the earth's climate.

blow

/bloʊ/

n. 打击,不幸;重击

例句:Give your nose a blow.(往鼻子打一拳。)

例句:Losing his job came as a terrible blow to him.(失业给他造成了沉重的打击。)

as a whole

作为一个整体

例句:The new policy will benefit society as a whole.(这项新政策将造福整个社会。)

landmark

/ˈlænd.mɑːrk/

n.(发展过程中的)里程碑;里程碑式的重大事件

相关词汇:land(n. 土地)

相关词汇:mark(n. 标志)

近义词:milestone

搭配短语:a landmark in sth.(某方面的里程碑)

搭配短语:a landmark decision(一个意义重大的决定)

搭配短语:a landmark discovery(一项具有标志性意义的发现)

introduce

/ˌɪn.trəˈduːs/

v. 推行,实施;介绍

例句:New legislation has just been introduced.(新法律刚刚开始实施。)

teeth

/tiːθ/

n. 效力,权力

相关词汇:tooth(n. 牙齿)

例句:The law must have teeth, and it must be enforced.(法律必须拥有效力,而且必须强制实施。)

appreciate

/əˈpriː.ʃi.eɪt/

v. 理解,领会;欣赏;感激

搭配短语:to appreciate good wine(品尝好酒)

例句:An early reply would be appreciated.(期待早日回复。)

近义词:realize(v. 认识)

搭配短语:to appreciate the dangers of a situation(认识到某种情形下的危险)

opt in

选择参与

相关词汇:opt(v. 选择)

搭配短语:to opt for sth.(选择某物)

搭配短语:opt in to sth.(参与某个组织或计划)

例句:Employees have the choice to opt in to this scheme.(员工有权选择加入这个计划。)

watchdog

/ˈwɑːtʃ.dɑːɡ/

n. 监察人,监察机构;看门狗

bundle

/ˈbʌn.dəl/

v. 捆绑销售

相关词汇:bundle(n. 捆)

搭配短语:a bundle of sticks(一捆柴火)

例句:Some applications are bundled with a computer.(买电脑的时候会搭售几款软件。)

explicitly

/ɪkˈsplɪs.ɪt.li/

adv. 明确地,明白地

近义词:clearly

reassure

/ˌriː.əˈʃɔːr/

v. 使安心,使打消疑虑

搭配短语:reassure sb. that …(向某人保证,让某人安心)

例句:The doctor reassured him that there was nothing seriously wrong.

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