Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

原文: 【原创】Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

在我的上一篇文章【原创】Matlab.NET混编技巧之——找出Matlab内置函数中,已经大概的介绍了matlab内置函数在混合编程中的优点,并通过程序找出了matlab中的大部分内置函数,当然更多人关心是如何像我所说得那样,不用直接编译,就直接在C#中调用这些内置函数。本文就带你揭开这些谜团。

声明,这篇文章是需要一点点混合编程基础的,基本概念和过程要懂一点,如果能简单成功混编一个简单的计算或者绘图例子,可以更容易理解。

1.传统的Matlab.NET混合编程步骤

传统的Matlab.NET混合编程有2种方式:

1)Matlab编写好M函数,利用deploytool编译m函数生成dll,在C#项目中引用并调用;

2)基于接口的编写方式,也是利用deploytool工具,过程繁琐一点,对编程人员素质要求高一点,但不需要进行繁琐的数据类型转换。我的博客有一篇文章专门介绍了这个混合编程方式,也有例子,大家有兴趣的可以看看:http://www.cnblogs.com/asxinyu/archive/2013/05/16/3082299.html

 不管上面用哪种方式,Matlab和C#混编的基本步骤,大概都是下面的过程: 

1) 编写M函数,并首先在Matlab中测试是正确可以调用的。注意命名规范,注释规范; 

2) 使用命令打开 deploytool工具,设置项目名称,选择类型:.NET Assembly,然后新建一个类,并添加编写好的M函数 

3) 编译,生成dll,并在C#项目中添加引用(还需要引用对应版本的MWArray),利用对象浏览器查看生成dll的方法结构,并根据Matlab和C#的类型转换规则,进行数据转换即可, 如果是接口的编程,这个过程相对要简单。

2.深入解析传统混编所生成的代码

2.1 第一步:编写M函数,并测试可以使用

为了好我们今天的目的相匹配,特意封装一个简单的内置函数,plot,来画一个简单的图形,如下所示M函数    

1 function PlotTest(n)

2 %编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

3 plot(1:n,1:n);

4 %测试正确,才可以进行下一步工作

注意,混编必须是m函数function的形式才能被调用。上述函数简单测试一下,没有问题(复杂的函数一定要多测试,否则后续调试非常困难)。继续下一步。

2.2 第二步:在Matlab中使用deploytool建立混编项目

 在Matlab工作区输入命令:deploytool,然后得到下面界面,输入混编项目的名称,选择存储位置,关键的是类型那里一定要选择".NET Assembly"。如下图所示:

Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

选择“OK”之后,下一步matlab界面右侧会出现项目解决方案,需要添加类名称和M文件。这个类名称,就是编译完成之后C#项目中的类对象名称,然后添加我们刚才上一步编写的“PlotTest.m”,然后编译即可,如下图所示:

Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

到此为止,一个常规 简单的Matlab.NET混编已经完成了60%了。编译完成之后,打开“Package”选项卡,即可看到生成的dll文件,然后点击右键,打开文件夹即可,如下图所示:

Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

2.3 查看混编生成的代码

  这个过程很关键,其实包含很多信息,只不过95%以上的人都没有注意到其实混编生成的dll是有源文件的,通过查看源文件就应该知道混编的原理,只不过这是matlab自动生成 而已。那看看生成的源码吧。

  打开Matlab混编项目的目录,可以看到有2个文件夹,"distrib”,“src”2个文件夹。"distrib"文件夹就是上面图中生成的dll,注意有2个dll,1个是“项目名称.dll”,一个是“项目名称Native.dll”,这2个dll的差别可以通过"distrib"文件夹源码来观察。“distrib”就是源代码的文件夹。如下图所示,src文件夹的文件示意图:

Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

 我们2.2中新建的类名是TestDemo,所以生成的的源码名称也是TestDemo,看看这2个cs文件中的代码,同时类的方法也可以在VS中通过对象浏览器来查看dll有哪些方法以及方法的参数类型。直接贴这2个cs文件的代码,顺便解释和对比下:

TestDemo.cs文件源码:

  1 /*

  2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a)

  3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013

  4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T"

  5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w"

  6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w"

  7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license"

  8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 

  9 */

 10 using System;

 11 using System.Reflection;

 12 using System.IO;

 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;

 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;

 15 

 16 #if SHARED

 17 [assembly: System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFile(@"")]

 18 #endif

 19 

 20 namespace PlotTest

 21 {

 22 

 23   /// <summary>

 24   /// The TestDemo class provides a CLS compliant, MWArray interface to the M-functions

 25   /// contained in the files:

 26   /// <newpara></newpara>

 27   /// D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m

 28   /// <newpara></newpara>

 29   /// deployprint.m

 30   /// <newpara></newpara>

 31   /// printdlg.m

 32   /// </summary>

 33   /// <remarks>

 34   /// @Version 0.0

 35   /// </remarks>

 36   public class TestDemo : IDisposable

 37   {

 38     #region Constructors

 39 

 40     /// <summary internal= "true">

 41     /// The static constructor instantiates and initializes the MATLAB Compiler Runtime

 42     /// instance.

 43     /// </summary>

 44     static TestDemo()

 45     {

 46       if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)

 47       {

 48         Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

 49 

 50         string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location;

 51 

 52         int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");

 53 

 54         ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));

 55 

 56         string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";

 57 

 58         Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;

 59 

 60         String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();

 61 

 62         foreach (String name in resourceStrings)

 63         {

 64           if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))

 65           {

 66             embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);

 67             break;

 68           }

 69         }

 70         mcr= new MWMCR("",

 71                        ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);

 72       }

 73       else

 74       {

 75         throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");

 76       }

 77     }

 78 

 79 

 80     /// <summary>

 81     /// Constructs a new instance of the TestDemo class.

 82     /// </summary>

 83     public TestDemo()

 84     {

 85     }

 86 

 87 

 88     #endregion Constructors

 89 

 90     #region Finalize

 91 

 92     /// <summary internal= "true">

 93     /// Class destructor called by the CLR garbage collector.

 94     /// </summary>

 95     ~TestDemo()

 96     {

 97       Dispose(false);

 98     }

 99 

100 

101     /// <summary>

102     /// Frees the native resources associated with this object

103     /// </summary>

104     public void Dispose()

105     {

106       Dispose(true);

107 

108       GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

109     }

110 

111 

112     /// <summary internal= "true">

113     /// Internal dispose function

114     /// </summary>

115     protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)

116     {

117       if (!disposed)

118       {

119         disposed= true;

120 

121         if (disposing)

122         {

123           // Free managed resources;

124         }

125 

126         // Free native resources

127       }

128     }

129 

130 

131     #endregion Finalize

132 

133     #region Methods

134 

135     /// <summary>

136     /// Provides a void output, 0-input MWArrayinterface to the PlotTest M-function.

137     /// </summary>

138     /// <remarks>

139     /// M-Documentation:

140     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

141     /// </remarks>

142     ///

143     public void PlotTest()

144     {

145       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});

146     }

147 

148 

149     /// <summary>

150     /// Provides a void output, 1-input MWArrayinterface to the PlotTest M-function.

151     /// </summary>

152     /// <remarks>

153     /// M-Documentation:

154     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

155     /// </remarks>

156     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>

157     ///

158     public void PlotTest(MWArray n)

159     {

160       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n);

161     }

162 

163 

164     /// <summary>

165     /// Provides the standard 0-input MWArray interface to the PlotTest M-function.

166     /// </summary>

167     /// <remarks>

168     /// M-Documentation:

169     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

170     /// </remarks>

171     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>

172     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output

173     /// arguments.</returns>

174     ///

175     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut)

176     {

177       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});

178     }

179 

180 

181     /// <summary>

182     /// Provides the standard 1-input MWArray interface to the PlotTest M-function.

183     /// </summary>

184     /// <remarks>

185     /// M-Documentation:

186     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

187     /// </remarks>

188     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>

189     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>

190     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output

191     /// arguments.</returns>

192     ///

193     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, MWArray n)

194     {

195       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n);

196     }

197 

198 

199 

200     /// <summary>

201     /// This method will cause a MATLAB figure window to behave as a modal dialog box.

202     /// The method will not return until all the figure windows associated with this

203     /// component have been closed.

204     /// </summary>

205     /// <remarks>

206     /// An application should only call this method when required to keep the

207     /// MATLAB figure window from disappearing.  Other techniques, such as calling

208     /// Console.ReadLine() from the application should be considered where

209     /// possible.</remarks>

210     ///

211     public void WaitForFiguresToDie()

212     {

213       mcr.WaitForFiguresToDie();

214     }

215 

216 

217 

218     #endregion Methods

219 

220     #region Class Members

221 

222     private static MWMCR mcr= null;

223 

224     private bool disposed= false;

225 

226     #endregion Class Members

227   }

228 }
View Code

TestDemoNative.cs文件源码:

  1 /*

  2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a)

  3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013

  4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T"

  5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w"

  6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w"

  7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license"

  8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 

  9 */

 10 using System;

 11 using System.Reflection;

 12 using System.IO;

 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;

 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;

 15 

 16 #if SHARED

 17 [assembly: System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFile(@"")]

 18 #endif

 19 

 20 namespace PlotTestNative

 21 {

 22 

 23   /// <summary>

 24   /// The TestDemo class provides a CLS compliant, Object (native) interface to the

 25   /// M-functions contained in the files:

 26   /// <newpara></newpara>

 27   /// D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m

 28   /// <newpara></newpara>

 29   /// deployprint.m

 30   /// <newpara></newpara>

 31   /// printdlg.m

 32   /// </summary>

 33   /// <remarks>

 34   /// @Version 0.0

 35   /// </remarks>

 36   public class TestDemo : IDisposable

 37   {

 38     #region Constructors

 39 

 40     /// <summary internal= "true">

 41     /// The static constructor instantiates and initializes the MATLAB Compiler Runtime

 42     /// instance.

 43     /// </summary>

 44     static TestDemo()

 45     {

 46       if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)

 47       {

 48         Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

 49 

 50         string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location;

 51 

 52         int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");

 53 

 54         ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));

 55 

 56         string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";

 57 

 58         Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;

 59 

 60         String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();

 61 

 62         foreach (String name in resourceStrings)

 63         {

 64           if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))

 65           {

 66             embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);

 67             break;

 68           }

 69         }

 70         mcr= new MWMCR("",

 71                        ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);

 72       }

 73       else

 74       {

 75         throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");

 76       }

 77     }

 78 

 79 

 80     /// <summary>

 81     /// Constructs a new instance of the TestDemo class.

 82     /// </summary>

 83     public TestDemo()

 84     {

 85     }

 86 

 87 

 88     #endregion Constructors

 89 

 90     #region Finalize

 91 

 92     /// <summary internal= "true">

 93     /// Class destructor called by the CLR garbage collector.

 94     /// </summary>

 95     ~TestDemo()

 96     {

 97       Dispose(false);

 98     }

 99 

100 

101     /// <summary>

102     /// Frees the native resources associated with this object

103     /// </summary>

104     public void Dispose()

105     {

106       Dispose(true);

107 

108       GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

109     }

110 

111 

112     /// <summary internal= "true">

113     /// Internal dispose function

114     /// </summary>

115     protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)

116     {

117       if (!disposed)

118       {

119         disposed= true;

120 

121         if (disposing)

122         {

123           // Free managed resources;

124         }

125 

126         // Free native resources

127       }

128     }

129 

130 

131     #endregion Finalize

132 

133     #region Methods

134 

135     /// <summary>

136     /// Provides a void output, 0-input Objectinterface to the PlotTest M-function.

137     /// </summary>

138     /// <remarks>

139     /// M-Documentation:

140     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

141     /// </remarks>

142     ///

143     public void PlotTest()

144     {

145       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new Object[]{});

146     }

147 

148 

149     /// <summary>

150     /// Provides a void output, 1-input Objectinterface to the PlotTest M-function.

151     /// </summary>

152     /// <remarks>

153     /// M-Documentation:

154     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

155     /// </remarks>

156     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>

157     ///

158     public void PlotTest(Object n)

159     {

160       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n);

161     }

162 

163 

164     /// <summary>

165     /// Provides the standard 0-input Object interface to the PlotTest M-function.

166     /// </summary>

167     /// <remarks>

168     /// M-Documentation:

169     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

170     /// </remarks>

171     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>

172     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output

173     /// arguments.</returns>

174     ///

175     public Object[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut)

176     {

177       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new Object[]{});

178     }

179 

180 

181     /// <summary>

182     /// Provides the standard 1-input Object interface to the PlotTest M-function.

183     /// </summary>

184     /// <remarks>

185     /// M-Documentation:

186     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

187     /// </remarks>

188     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>

189     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>

190     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output

191     /// arguments.</returns>

192     ///

193     public Object[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, Object n)

194     {

195       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n);

196     }

197 

198 

199     /// <summary>

200     /// Provides an interface for the PlotTest function in which the input and output

201     /// arguments are specified as an array of Objects.

202     /// </summary>

203     /// <remarks>

204     /// This method will allocate and return by reference the output argument

205     /// array.<newpara></newpara>

206     /// M-Documentation:

207     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下

208     /// </remarks>

209     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return</param>

210     /// <param name= "argsOut">Array of Object output arguments</param>

211     /// <param name= "argsIn">Array of Object input arguments</param>

212     /// <param name= "varArgsIn">Array of Object representing variable input

213     /// arguments</param>

214     ///

215     [MATLABSignature("PlotTest", 1, 0, 0)]

216     protected void PlotTest(int numArgsOut, ref Object[] argsOut, Object[] argsIn, params Object[] varArgsIn)

217     {

218         mcr.EvaluateFunctionForTypeSafeCall("PlotTest", numArgsOut, ref argsOut, argsIn, varArgsIn);

219     }

220 

221     /// <summary>

222     /// This method will cause a MATLAB figure window to behave as a modal dialog box.

223     /// The method will not return until all the figure windows associated with this

224     /// component have been closed.

225     /// </summary>

226     /// <remarks>

227     /// An application should only call this method when required to keep the

228     /// MATLAB figure window from disappearing.  Other techniques, such as calling

229     /// Console.ReadLine() from the application should be considered where

230     /// possible.</remarks>

231     ///

232     public void WaitForFiguresToDie()

233     {

234       mcr.WaitForFiguresToDie();

235     }

236 

237 

238 

239     #endregion Methods

240 

241     #region Class Members

242 

243     private static MWMCR mcr= null;

244 

245     private bool disposed= false;

246 

247     #endregion Class Members

248   }

249 }
View Code

对比大家就可以发现,只不过一个更加傻瓜化,参数都是Object了,其实这样反而不好,增加了类型转换的代价,如果知道,为何不给一个正确的给他呢。关于这2个dll的速度,曾经听说过是有差别的,博客园有人给过测试,我没实际测试过,还是习惯用传统的TestDemo.cs,因为参数类型都是Object,不直观,出了问题也有点头疼。

2.4 上述Matlab自动生成代码的要点

  后面某些类或者方法的XML注释就不说了,自动生成的东西,可以对照M文件的注释来看。

1.首先看第一段的注释信息:

 1 /*

 2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a)

 3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013

 4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T"

 5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w"

 6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w"

 7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license"

 8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 

 9 */

10 using System;

11 using System.Reflection;

12 using System.IO;

13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;

14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;

上面这段信息主要是说明当前Matlab编译器的版本,因为编译的版本和部署的MCR版本必须对应起来,否则是不能运行的。然后有编译日期,以及编译的参数,类名以及M函数的地址等信息,其实知道这些参数,理论上是可以自己在程序里面调用Matlab的编译器进行编译工作的,只不过比较复杂,能力有限,研究不下去。下面的引用大家应该明白,这个是MWArray.dll里面的命名空间,所以混编的项目都要引用对应版本的MWArray.dll

2.关键的静态构造函数

 1 static TestDemo()

 2     {

 3       if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)

 4       {

 5         Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();

 6         string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location;

 7         int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");

 8         ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));

 9         string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";

10         Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;

11         String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();

12         foreach (String name in resourceStrings)

13         {

14           if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))

15           {

16             embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);

17             break;

18           }

19         }

20         mcr= new MWMCR("",ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);

21       }

22       else

23       {

24         throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");

25       }

26     }

  如果有一些C#的开发和编程经验看上面的代码问题应该不大,否则还真有点难说清楚,简单的说几个要点:

  1)这个构造函数的作用主要是检测MCR对象是否初始化,如果没有,则寻找程序集,并拼接资源的位置,正确进行初始化

  2) 上面的ctf其实是包含在dll程序集里面的,以资源的形式,这个文件是核心,它才真正的包括了Matlab编译之后的,MCR可以运行的中间程序。

  3) 必须要合法正确的ctf文件和dll文件才能 正确的初始化mcr对象,合法的意思,是Matlab内部有校验机制,包括对相关版本,在以前的版本生成文件中,很明显,现在2012a里面都隐藏起来了,不过要求都一样。

  4) 上面方法其实已经间接的告诉了我们怎么初始化mcr对象,有了mcr对象,一切都好办了,因为它才是MCR的核心。 

3.PlotTest封装的方法代码

 1     public void PlotTest()

 2     {

 3       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});

 4     }

 5     public void PlotTest(MWArray n)

 6     {

 7       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n);

 8     }

 9     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut)

10     {

11       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});

12     }

13     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, MWArray n)

14     {

15       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n);

16     }

  看了字段代码,再对应mcr的初始化,其实都很明朗了。通过mcr的EvaluateFunction来调用M函数。上面的代码有几个重载方法,可以实用很多不同的情况,有时候,这些方法的个数会更多,其实没多大必要,也可以自己编译一下,把没用的删掉,保留少数几个有用的即可。同时也可以看到,这里直接通过字符串来传递函数名称的,因此必须保证这个函数能被mcr搜索到。比如我们这里的"PlotTest"这个函数其实就包含了ctf文件中(注意ctf文件是可以和dll分开的,在混编项目里可以设置)。  

3.上述代码到内置函数的调用

   上述已经讲解了整个mcr调用的过程,其实就是通过mcr的EvaluateFunction来调用M函数,但要保证对于的函数名称在mcr搜索的范围内。那么我们是不是可以假设:内置函数都在MCR内部,应该是可以搜索到的,那么把上面的函数名称换一下,是不是也是可行的。这个假设也是我最早接触时候的想法,有了假设,当然要去验证。现在看来这个当然是肯定的,那么不妨重新演示一遍。过程不详细讲了,代码也有注释,混编要引用的MWArray.dll和命名空间也不提了,看代码:

 1 using System;

 2 using System.Collections.Generic;

 3 using System.Linq;

 4 using System.Text;

 5 using System.Reflection;

 6 using System.IO;

 7 

 8 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;

 9 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;

10 

11 

12 namespace BuildInFunctionDemo

13 {

14     class Program

15     {

16         static MWMCR mcr;

17         static void Main(string[] args)

18         {

19             #region 首先使用PlotTest.dll来初始化mcr,因为这个dll是混编“合法”产生的,只有这样才能顺利启动mcr

20             if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)

21             {

22                 string path = Path.Combine(System.Environment.CurrentDirectory, "PlotTest.dll");

23                 Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(path);

24                 string ctfFilePath = assembly.Location;

25                 int lastDelimiter = ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");

26                 ctfFilePath = ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));

27                 string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";

28                 Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;

29                 String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();

30 

31                 foreach (String name in resourceStrings)

32                 {

33                     if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))

34                     {

35                         embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);

36                         break;

37                     }

38                 }

39                 mcr = new MWMCR("",ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);

40             }

41             else

42             {

43                 throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");

44             }

45             #endregion

46 

47             #region 直接调用混编dll中的封装函数进行测试

48             mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", 5);

49 

50             //注意这里要断点调试才能看到效果哦,因为mcr会把图绘制在一个Figure上面,

51             //后面的会覆盖前面的,这里暂停一下,可以看前面的效果

52             //下面就是直接调用matlab的plot函数的效果

53             MWNumericArray x = new double[]{1,2,3,4,5};

54             MWNumericArray y = new double[]{2,1,2.8,5.3,4.7};

55             mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "plot",x,y );

56             #endregion

57 

58             Console.ReadKey();

59         }

60     }

61 }

唯一要注意的就是50-52的说明,要加断点看2次绘制的效果。分别截图如下:
Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

4.总结

  抛砖引玉,这里只是一个思路,附代码下载吧。

   http://www.kuaipan.cn/file/id_4279479643944070.htm

 

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