LNMMP on centos 6.5

LNMP详解

系统环境

os version：centos 6.5 x86_64 
nginx version：1.6 
mysql version：5.5.38 
php version：5.4.31
memcached version：1.4.20 

1、nginx

前文已经介绍过，这里不再阐述

2、mysql

• 下载免安装版的mysql，格式为 MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz 
tar xf mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 

• 安装依赖，建立用户和仓库文件

yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison-devel libaio -y 

useradd -r mysql 
groupadd -r mysql 

mkdir -p /mydata/data/ 
chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ 

• 初始化库，拷贝配置文件

cd /usr/local/ 
ln -s mysql-5.5.38-linux2.6-x86_64/ mysql 
cd mysql 
chown -R root.mysql ./* 
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/ 
/bin/cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 

vim /etc/my.cnf 
在[mysql]中加入 
datadir = /mydata/data 
innodb_file_per_table = 1 

• 拷贝启动文件

/bin/cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 
chkconfig --add mysqld 
service mysqld start 
chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on 

3、php

官方站点：http://cn2.php.net/downloads.php

• 下载源码包

wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.4.31.tar.bz2/from/this/mirror 
#wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.5.15.tar.bz2/from/this/mirror 

• 为php支持扩展

yum install libmcrypt-devel mhash-devel mcrypt bzip2-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel -y

• 编译安装

tar xf php-5.4.31.tar.bz2 
cd php-5.4.31 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl --enable-fpm --enable-sockets --enable-sysvshm --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-curl 
make && make install && echo $? 

• 为php提供配置文件

cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

• 为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm 
chkconfig --add php-fpm 
chkconfig --level 35 php-fpm on 

• 为php-fpm提供配置文件：

cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

• 接下来就可以启动php-fpm了，php-fpm监听9000端口

service php-fpm start

4、整合nginx和php

Nginx连接fastcgi的方式有2种：TCP和unix domain socket

Unix domain socket 或者 IPC socket是一种终端，可以使同一台操作系统上的两个或多个进程进行数据通信。与管道相比，Unix domain sockets 既可以使用字节流和数据队列，而管道通信则只能通过字节流。Unix domain sockets的接口和Internet socket很像，但它不使用网络底层协议来通信。Unix domain socket 的功能是POSIX操作系统里的一种组件。

Unix domain sockets 使用系统文件的地址来作为自己的身份。它可以被系统进程引用。所以两个进程可以同时打开一个Unix domain sockets来进行通信。不过这种通信方式是发生在系统内核里而不会在网络里传播。

TCP是使用TCP端口连接127.0.0.1:9000
Socket是使用unix domain socket连接套接字php-cgi.sock

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
location ~ \.php$ { 
 root html; 
 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #这里就是采用了tcp来进行连接 
 #fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock; #这里就是采用了unix socket进行连接，之所以采用/dev/shm下是这个文件是tmpfs，比磁盘快 
 fastcgi_index index.php; 
 #fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; #默认参数 
 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
 include fastcgi_params; 
} 

location / { 
 root html; 
 index index.php index.html index.htm; 
} 

• 修改fastcgi参数

vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params.default 
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; 
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; 
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; 
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; 
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; 
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; 
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; 
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; 
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; 
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; 
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; 
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; 
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; 
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; 
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; 
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; 
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; 

service nginx restart 
service php-fpm restart 

• 测试页

新建php页面即可 
cat > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php << EOF 
<?
 php phpinfo(); 
?> 

5、memcached

官方站点：http://www.memcached.org/

wget http://www.memcached.org/files/memcached-1.4.20.tar.gz 
yum --enablerepo=epel install libevent-devel -y 
tar xf memcached-1.4.20.tar.gz 
cd memcached-1.4.20 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent 
make && make install && echo $? 

提供system V风格启动脚本

#! /bin/sh 
# 
# chkconfig: - 55 45 
# description: The memcached daemon is a network memory cache service. 
# processname: memcached 
# config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached 
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 
. /etc/sysconfig/network 
PORT=11211 
USER=root 

#max connect 
MAXCONN=1024 

#max memory 
CACHESIZE=128 
OPTIONS="" 
MEMCACHED="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached" 

if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/memcached ];
then 
 . /etc/sysconfig/memcached 
fi 

# Check that networking is up
if [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ]
then 
 exit 0 
fi 

RETVAL=0 
prog="memcached" 
start () { 
 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " 
 # insure that /usr/local/memcached has proper permissions 
 chown $USER /usr/local/memcached 
 daemon $MEMCACHED -d -p $PORT -u $USER -m $CACHESIZE -c $MAXCONN -P /usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid $OPTIONS 
 RETVAL=$? 
 echo 
 [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/memcached 
} 

stop () { 
 echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " 
 killproc memcached 
 RETVAL=$? 
 echo 
 if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] ; then 
 rm -f /var/lock/subsys/memcached 
 rm -f /usr/local/memcached/memcached.pid 
 fi 
} 

restart () { 
 stop 
 start 
} 
# See how we were called. 
case "$1" in 
start) 
 start 
 ;; 
stop) 
 stop 
 ;; 
status) 
 status memcached 
 ;; 
restart|reload) 
 restart 
 ;; 
condrestart) 
 [ -f /var/lock/subsys/memcached ] && restart || : 
 ;; 
*) 
 echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|condrestart}" 
 exit 1 
esac 
exit $? 

6、phpmyadmin

官方站点：http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/index.php
安装页：http://docs.phpmyadmin.net/en/latest/setup.html#setup
配置页：http://docs.phpmyadmin.net/en/latest/config.html

wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/phpmyadmin/phpMyAdmin/4.2.7/phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages.zip 
unzip phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages.zip 
cp -a phpMyAdmin-4.2.7-all-languages /usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin 

直接访问http://x.x.x.x/phpMyAdmin 即可 

7、php for memcached

http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-3.0.8.tgz 
tar xf memcache-3.0.8.tgz 
cd memcache-3.0.8 
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcache 
make && make install && echo $? 

# 编辑/etc/php.ini，在“动态模块”相关的位置添加如下一行来载入memcache扩展 
extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/memcache.so 

后面php的一些扩展程序这里并未一一列举