Nexys3开发板Verilog Demo
这个学期开始学FPGA开发，使用的开发板是Nexys3，硬件编程语言是Verilog。苦于之前一直没有找到很好的代码学习资料，于是在这里将自己写过的一些相对简单的代码整理了一下分享开来，希望能对各位初学者有所帮助。
本文提供的Verilog代码都是属于Demo级别的，不过限于本人水平，也不免会有一些瑕疵，这里仅供参考，还请各位慎思！(“博学、审问、慎思、明辨、笃行。” 我的校训啊！)
如果各位还想学习更加复杂的Verilog project，请持续关注我以后的博客更新。(透个口风，我目前正在做的project有两个，微秒级秒表以及VGA显示。)
注意：由于本文大部分Demo都是十分简单经典的Verilog模块，所以把题意部分也省了，直接上电路图和代码，如果发现代码有看不懂，可以下载文章末尾的附件，里面有更加详细的介绍。
目录
2输入逻辑门
2位比较器
4位2选一多路选择器
7段译码器
3-8译码器
8-3优先编码器
4位二进制-BCD 码转换器
4位RCA加法器
4位CLA加法器
4位移位器
4位移位寄存器
4位移位寄存器生成伪随机数列
7段译码器扫描显示2位
Traffic controller(Moore FSM)
Traffic controller(Mealy FSM)
1、2输入逻辑门
简单的与门、与非门、或门、或非门、异或门、异或非门的实现。
2输入逻辑门电路图
// 设计文件: gate2.v `timescale 1ns / 1ps module gates2(input wire a, b, output wire [5:0] y); assign y[0] = a & b; // AND assign y[1] = ~(a & b); // NAND assign y[2] = a | b; // OR assign y[3] = ~(a | b); // NOR assign y[4] = a ^ b; // XOR assign y[5] = ~(a ^ b); // NXOR endmodule
// 测试文件: gate2_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module gates2_test;
// Inputs
reg a, b;
// Outputs
wire [5:0] y;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
gates2 uut (
.a(a),
.b(b),
.y(y)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
a = 0;
b = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
#200
a <= 0;
b <= 0;
#200
a <= 0;
b <= 1;
#200
a <= 1;
b <= 0;
#200
a <= 1;
b <= 1;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：gate2_ucf.ucf NET "a" LOC = "T5"; NET "b" LOC = "V8"; NET "y[0]" LOC = "U15"; NET "y[1]" LOC = "V15"; NET "y[2]" LOC = "M11"; NET "y[3]" LOC = "N11"; NET "y[4]" LOC = "R11"; NET "y[5]" LOC = "T11";
2、2位比较器
2位比较器真值表
// 设计文件：comp2bit.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module comp2bit(
input [1:0] a,
input [1:0] b,
output a_eq_b,
output a_gt_b,
output a_lt_b
);
assign a_eq_b = (a == b);
assign a_gt_b = (a > b);
assign a_lt_b = (a < b);
endmodule
// 测试文件：comp2bit_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module comp2bit_test;
// Inputs
reg [1:0] a;
reg [1:0] b;
// Outputs
wire a_eq_b;
wire a_gt_b;
wire a_lt_b;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
comp2bit uut (
.a(a),
.b(b),
.a_eq_b(a_eq_b),
.a_gt_b(a_gt_b),
.a_lt_b(a_lt_b)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
a = 0;
b = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
a = 1;
b = 0;
#100;
a = 2;
b = 0;
#100;
a = 3;
b = 0;
#100;
a = 0;
b = 1;
#100;
a = 1;
b = 1;
#100;
a = 2;
b = 1;
#100;
a = 3;
b = 1;
#100;
a = 0;
b = 2;
#100;
a = 1;
b = 2;
#100;
a = 2;
b = 2;
#100;
a = 3;
b = 2;
#100;
a = 0;
b = 3;
#100;
a = 1;
b = 3;
#100;
a = 2;
b = 3;
#100;
a = 3;
b = 3;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：comp2bit_ucf.ucf NET "a[1]" LOC="T5"; NET "a[0]" LOC="V8"; NET "b[1]" LOC="U8"; NET "b[0]" LOC="N8"; NET "a_eq_b" LOC="T11"; NET "a_gt_b" LOC="R11"; NET "a_lt_b" LOC="N11";
3、4位2选一多路选择器
4位2选一多路选择器原理图
// 设计文件：mux24a.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module mux24a(
output [3:0] y,
input [3:0] a,
input [3:0] b,
input s
);
assign y = (s == 0) ? a : b;
endmodule
// 测试文件：mux24a_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module mux24a_test;
// Inputs
reg [3:0] a;
reg [3:0] b;
reg s;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] y;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
mux24a uut (
.y(y),
.a(a),
.b(b),
.s(s)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
a = 0;
b = 0;
s = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
a = 4'b0101;
b = 4'b1010;
#200;
s = 1;
#200;
s = 0;
#200;
s = 1;
#200;
a = 4'b1001;
b = 4'b0100;
#200;
s = 0;
#200;
s = 1;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：mux24a_ucf.ucf NET "a[3]" LOC="T5"; NET "a[2]" LOC="V8"; NET "a[1]" LOC="U8"; NET "a[0]" LOC="N8"; NET "b[3]" LOC="M8"; NET "b[2]" LOC="V9"; NET "b[1]" LOC="T9"; NET "b[0]" LOC="T10"; NET "y[3]" LOC="T11"; NET "y[2]" LOC="R11"; NET "y[1]" LOC="N11"; NET "y[0]" LOC="M11"; NET "s" LOC="C9";
4、7段译码器
7段译码器原理图
// 设计文件：hex7seg.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module hex7seg(
input [3:0] x,
output [3:0] an,
output [6:0] seg
);
reg [6:0] seg;
assign an = 4'b0000;
always @ (x)
case (x)
4'b0000: seg <= 7'b0000001;
4'b0001: seg <= 7'b1001111;
4'b0010: seg <= 7'b0010010;
4'b0011: seg <= 7'b0000110;
4'b0100: seg <= 7'b1001100;
4'b0101: seg <= 7'b0100100;
4'b0110: seg <= 7'b0100000;
4'b0111: seg <= 7'b0001111;
4'b1000: seg <= 7'b0000000;
4'b1001: seg <= 7'b0000100;
4'b1010: seg <= 7'b0001000;
4'b1011: seg <= 7'b1100000;
4'b1100: seg <= 7'b0110001;
4'b1101: seg <= 7'b1000010;
4'b1110: seg <= 7'b0110000;
4'b1111: seg <= 7'b0111000;
endcase
endmodule
// 测试文件：hex7seg_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module hex7seg_test;
// Inputs
reg [3:0] x;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] an;
wire [6:0] seg;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
hex7seg uut (
.x(x),
.an(an),
.seg(seg)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
x = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
x = 0;
#100;
x = 1;
#100;
x = 2;
#100;
x = 3;
#100;
x = 4;
#100;
x = 5;
#100;
x = 6;
#100;
x = 7;
#100;
x = 8;
#100;
x = 9;
#100;
x = 10;
#100;
x = 11;
#100;
x = 12;
#100;
x = 13;
#100;
x = 14;
#100;
x = 15;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：hex7seg_ucf.ucf NET "x[3]" LOC = "T5"; NET "x[2]" LOC = "V8"; NET "x[1]" LOC = "U8"; NET "x[0]" LOC = "N8"; NET "an[3]" LOC = "P17"; NET "an[2]" LOC = "P18"; NET "an[1]" LOC = "N15"; NET "an[0]" LOC = "N16"; NET "seg[6]" LOC = "T17"; NET "seg[5]" LOC = "T18"; NET "seg[4]" LOC = "U17"; NET "seg[3]" LOC = "U18"; NET "seg[2]" LOC = "M14"; NET "seg[1]" LOC = "N14"; NET "seg[0]" LOC = "L14";
5、3-8译码器
3-8译码器真值表
// 设计文件：decode38a.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module decode38a(
input [2:0] a,
output [7:0] y
);
reg [7:0] y;
always @ (a)
case (a)
3'b000: y <= 8'b0000_0001;
3'b001: y <= 8'b0000_0010;
3'b010: y <= 8'b0000_0100;
3'b011: y <= 8'b0000_1000;
3'b100: y <= 8'b0001_0000;
3'b101: y <= 8'b0010_0000;
3'b110: y <= 8'b0100_0000;
3'b111: y <= 8'b1000_0000;
endcase
endmodule
// 测试文件：decode38a_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module decode38a_test;
// Inputs
reg [2:0] a;
// Outputs
wire [7:0] y;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
decode38a uut (
.a(a),
.y(y)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
a = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
a = 3'b000;
#100;
a = 3'b001;
#100;
a = 3'b010;
#100;
a = 3'b011;
#100;
a = 3'b100;
#100;
a = 3'b101;
#100;
a = 3'b110;
#100;
a = 3'b111;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：decode38a_ucf.ucf NET "a[2]" LOC = "T5"; NET "a[1]" LOC = "V8"; NET "a[0]" LOC = "U8"; NET "y[7]" LOC = "T11"; NET "y[6]" LOC = "R11"; NET "y[5]" LOC = "N11"; NET "y[4]" LOC = "M11"; NET "y[3]" LOC = "V15"; NET "y[2]" LOC = "U15"; NET "y[1]" LOC = "V16"; NET "y[0]" LOC = "U16";
6、8-3优先编码器
8-3优先编码器真值表
// 设计文件：pencode83.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module pencode83(
input [7:0] x,
output reg [2:0] y,
output reg valid
);
always @ (x) begin
if (x[7] == 1)
y <= 3'b111;
else if (x[6] == 1)
y <= 3'b110;
else if (x[5] == 1)
y <= 3'b101;
else if (x[4] == 1)
y <= 3'b100;
else if (x[3] == 1)
y <= 3'b011;
else if (x[2] == 1)
y <= 3'b010;
else if (x[1] == 1)
y <= 3'b001;
else if (x[0] == 1)
y <= 3'b000;
if (x == 8'b0000_0000)
valid <= 0;
else
valid <= 1;
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：pencode83_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module pencode83_test;
// Inputs
reg [7:0] x;
// Outputs
wire [2:0] y;
wire valid;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
pencode83 uut (
.x(x),
.y(y),
.valid(valid)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
x = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
x = 8'b0000_0000;
#100;
x = 8'b0000_0001;
#100;
x = 8'b0000_0011;
#100;
x = 8'b0000_0111;
#100;
x = 8'b0000_1111;
#100;
x = 8'b0001_1111;
#100;
x = 8'b0011_1111;
#100;
x = 8'b0111_1111;
#100;
x = 8'b1111_1111;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：pencode83_ucf.ucf NET "x[7]" LOC = "T5"; NET "x[6]" LOC = "V8"; NET "x[5]" LOC = "U8"; NET "x[4]" LOC = "N8"; NET "x[3]" LOC = "M8"; NET "x[2]" LOC = "V9"; NET "x[1]" LOC = "T9"; NET "x[0]" LOC = "T10"; NET "y[2]" LOC = "T11"; NET "y[1]" LOC = "R11"; NET "y[0]" LOC = "N11"; NET "valid" LOC = "U16";
7、4位二进制-BCD 码转换器
4位二进制-BCD码转换器真值表
// 设计文件：binbcd4.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module binbcd4(
input [3:0] b,
output reg [4:0] p
);
always @ (b) begin
if (b <= 9)
p <= {1'b0, b[3:0]};
else
p <= {1'b1, b[3:0]-4'b1010};
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：binbcd4_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module binbcd4_test;
// Inputs
reg [3:0] b;
// Outputs
wire [4:0] p;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
binbcd4 uut (
.b(b),
.p(p)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
b = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
b = 4'b0000;
#100;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
b = 4'b0100;
#100;
b = 4'b0101;
#100;
b = 4'b0110;
#100;
b = 4'b0111;
#100;
b = 4'b1000;
#100;
b = 4'b1001;
#100;
b = 4'b1010;
#100;
b = 4'b1011;
#100;
b = 4'b1100;
#100;
b = 4'b1101;
#100;
b = 4'b1110;
#100;
b = 4'b1111;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：binbcd4_ucf.ucf NET "b[3]" LOC = "T5"; NET "b[2]" LOC = "V8"; NET "b[1]" LOC = "U8"; NET "b[0]" LOC = "N8"; NET "p[4]" LOC = "T11"; NET "p[3]" LOC = "R11"; NET "p[2]" LOC = "N11"; NET "p[1]" LOC = "M11"; NET "p[0]" LOC = "V15";
8、4位RCA加法器
4位RCA加法器
// 设计文件：adder4a.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module FA(
input a, b, cin,
output cout, sum
);
assign sum = a ^ b ^ cin;
assign cout = a & b | a & cin | b & cin;
endmodule
module adder4a(
input [3:0] a,
input [3:0] b,
output [3:0] s,
output cf,
output ovf
);
wire c0, c1, c2;
FA fa0(a[0], b[0], 1'b0, c0, s[0]);
FA fa1(a[1], b[1], c0, c1, s[1]);
FA fa2(a[2], b[2], c1, c2, s[2]);
FA fa3(a[3], b[3], c2, cf, s[3]);
assign ovf = c2 ^ cf;
endmodule
// 测试文件：adder4a_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module adder4a_test;
// Inputs
reg [3:0] a;
reg [3:0] b;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] s;
wire cf;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
adder4a uut (
.a(a),
.b(b),
.s(s),
.cf(cf),
.ovf(ovf)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
a = 0;
b = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
a = 4'b0000;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
a = 4'b0000;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
a = 4'b0000;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0000;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0000;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：adder4a_ucf.ucf NET "a[3]" LOC = "T5"; NET "a[2]" LOC = "V8"; NET "a[1]" LOC = "U8"; NET "a[0]" LOC = "N8"; NET "b[3]" LOC = "M8"; NET "b[2]" LOC = "V9"; NET "b[1]" LOC = "T9"; NET "b[0]" LOC = "T10"; NET "s[3]" LOC = "T11"; NET "s[2]" LOC = "R11"; NET "s[1]" LOC = "N11"; NET "s[0]" LOC = "M11"; NET "cf" LOC = "V16"; NET "ovf" LOC = "U16";
9、4位CLA加法器
4位CLA加法器框图
// 设计文件：adder4a_cla.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module adder4a_cla(
input [3:0] a,
input [3:0] b,
output [3:0] s,
output cf,
output ovf
);
wire G[3:0], P[3:0];
wire c0, c1, c2;
assign G[0] = a[0] & b[0];
assign G[1] = a[1] & b[1];
assign G[2] = a[2] & b[2];
assign G[3] = a[3] & b[3];
assign P[0] = a[0] | b[0];
assign P[1] = a[1] | b[1];
assign P[2] = a[2] | b[2];
assign P[3] = a[3] | b[3];
assign c0 = G[0] | P[0] & 1'b0;
assign c1 = G[1] | G[0] & P[1] | P[0] & P[1] & 1'b0;
assign c2 = G[2] | G[1] & P[2] | G[0] & P[1] & P[2] | P[0]& P[1] & P[2] & 1'b0;
assign cf = G[3] | G[2] & P[3] | G[1] & P[2] & P[3] | G[0] & P[1] & P[2] & P[3] | P[0] & P[1] & P[2] & P[3] & 1'b0;
assign ovf = c2 ^ cf;
assign s[0] = a[0] ^ b[0];
assign s[1] = a[1] ^ b[1] ^ c0;
assign s[2] = a[2] ^ b[2] ^ c1;
assign s[3] = a[3] ^ b[3] ^ c2;
endmodule
// 测试文件：adder4a_cla_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module adder4a_cla_test;
// Inputs
reg [3:0] a;
reg [3:0] b;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] s;
wire cf;
wire ovf;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
adder4a_cla uut (
.a(a),
.b(b),
.s(s),
.cf(cf),
.ovf(ovf)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
a = 0;
b = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
a = 4'b0000;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
a = 4'b0000;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
a = 4'b0000;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0000;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
a = 4'b0111;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0000;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0001;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0010;
#100;
a = 4'b1111;
b = 4'b0011;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：adder4a_cla_ucf.ucf NET "a[3]" LOC = "T5"; NET "a[2]" LOC = "V8"; NET "a[1]" LOC = "U8"; NET "a[0]" LOC = "N8"; NET "b[3]" LOC = "M8"; NET "b[2]" LOC = "V9"; NET "b[1]" LOC = "T9"; NET "b[0]" LOC = "T10"; NET "s[3]" LOC = "T11"; NET "s[2]" LOC = "R11"; NET "s[1]" LOC = "N11"; NET "s[0]" LOC = "M11"; NET "cf" LOC = "V16"; NET "ovf" LOC = "U16";
10、4位移位器
4位移位器框图和功能表
// 设计文件：shift4.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module shift4(
input [2:0] s,
input [3:0] d,
output reg [3:0] y
);
always @ (s or d) begin
case (s)
3'b000: y <= d;
3'b001: y <= {1'b0, d[3:1]};
3'b010: y <= {d[2:0], 1'b0};
3'b011: y <= {d[0], d[3:1]};
3'b100: y <= {d[2:0], d[3]};
3'b101: y <= {d[3], d[3:1]};
3'b110: y <= {d[1], d[0], d[3:2]};
3'b111: y <= d;
endcase
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：shift4_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module shift4_test;
// Inputs
reg [2:0] s;
reg [3:0] d;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] y;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
shift4 uut (
.s(s),
.d(d),
.y(y)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
s = 0;
d = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
d = 4'b0010;
#100;
s = 3'b000;
#100;
s = 3'b001;
#100;
s = 3'b010;
#100;
s = 3'b011;
#100;
s = 3'b100;
#100;
s = 3'b101;
#100;
s = 3'b110;
#100;
s = 3'b111;
#100;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：shift4_ucf.ucf NET "s[2]" LOC = "T5"; NET "s[1]" LOC = "V8"; NET "s[0]" LOC = "U8"; NET "d[3]" LOC = "M8"; NET "d[2]" LOC = "V9"; NET "d[1]" LOC = "T9"; NET "d[0]" LOC = "T10"; NET "y[3]" LOC = "T11"; NET "y[2]" LOC = "R11"; NET "y[1]" LOC = "N11"; NET "y[0]" LOC = "M11";
11、4位移位寄存器
4位移位寄存器电路图
// 设计文件：shiftreg.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module shiftreg(
input data_in,
input clk,
input clr,
output reg [3:0] q
);
always @ (posedge clr or posedge clk)
begin
if (clr == 1)
q <= 4'b0000;
else
q <= {data_in, q[3:1]};
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：shiftreg_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module shiftreg_test;
// Inputs
reg data_in;
reg clk;
reg clr;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] q;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
shiftreg uut (
.data_in(data_in),
.clk(clk),
.clr(clr),
.q(q)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
data_in = 0;
clk = 0;
clr = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
#100;
clr = 1; data_in = 1;
#100;
clk = 1;
#100;
clk = 0; clr = 0;
#100;
clk = 1;
#100;
clk = 0;
#100;
clk = 1;
#100;
clk = 0;
#100;
clk = 1;
#100;
clk = 0;
#100;
clk = 1;
#100;
clk = 0; clr = 1;
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：shiftreg_ucf.ucf NET "data_in" LOC = "T5"; NET "clk" LOC = "C9"; NET "clr" LOC = "B8"; NET "q[3]" LOC = "T11"; NET "q[2]" LOC = "R11"; NET "q[1]" LOC = "N11"; NET "q[0]" LOC = "M11";
12、4位移位寄存器生成伪随机数列
// 设计文件：pseurandseq.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module pseurandseq(
input clk,
input clr,
output reg [7:0] q
);
always @ (posedge clr or posedge clk)
begin
if (clr == 1)
q <= 4'b00001000;
else
q <= {q[3:0], q[0], q[3:2], q[0]^q[1]};
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：pseurandseq_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module pseurandseq_test;
// Inputs
reg clk;
reg clr;
// Outputs
wire [7:0] q;
integer i;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
pseurandseq uut (
.clk(clk),
.clr(clr),
.q(q)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
clk = 0;
clr = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
clr = 1;
#100;
clr = 0;
#100;
for (i=0; i<32; i=i+1)
begin
clk = 1;
#100;
clk = 0;
#100;
end
end
endmodule
// 引脚文件：pseurandseq_ucf.ucf NET "clk" LOC = "C9"; NET "clr" LOC = "B8"; NET "q[7]" LOC = "T11"; NET "q[6]" LOC = "R11"; NET "q[5]" LOC = "N11"; NET "q[4]" LOC = "M11"; NET "q[3]" LOC = "V15"; NET "q[2]" LOC = "U15"; NET "q[1]" LOC = "V16"; NET "q[0]" LOC = "U16";
13、7段译码器扫描显示2位
// 设计文件：Hex7seg2num.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module Hex7seg2num(
input clk,
input clr,
input [3:0] high,
input [3:0] low,
output reg [3:0] an,
output reg [6:0] seg
);
parameter CLK_COUNT = 249999;
reg [31:0] count;
reg mclk;
always @ (posedge clk)
begin
if (clr)
begin
count <= 0;
mclk <= 0;
end
else if (count == CLK_COUNT)
begin
count <= 0;
mclk <= ~mclk;
end
else
count <= count+1;
end
always @ (mclk)
begin
if (mclk == 0)
begin
an <= 4'b1101;
case(high)
4'b0000: seg <= 7'b0000001;
4'b0001: seg <= 7'b1001111;
4'b0010: seg <= 7'b0010010;
4'b0011: seg <= 7'b0000110;
4'b0100: seg <= 7'b1001100;
4'b0101: seg <= 7'b0100100;
4'b0110: seg <= 7'b0100000;
4'b0111: seg <= 7'b0001111;
4'b1000: seg <= 7'b0000000;
4'b1001: seg <= 7'b0000100;
4'b1010: seg <= 7'b0001000;
4'b1011: seg <= 7'b1100000;
4'b1100: seg <= 7'b0110001;
4'b1101: seg <= 7'b1000010;
4'b1110: seg <= 7'b0110000;
4'b1111: seg <= 7'b0111000;
endcase
end
else if (mclk == 1)
begin
an <= 4'b1110;
case(low)
4'b0000: seg <= 7'b0000001;
4'b0001: seg <= 7'b1001111;
4'b0010: seg <= 7'b0010010;
4'b0011: seg <= 7'b0000110;
4'b0100: seg <= 7'b1001100;
4'b0101: seg <= 7'b0100100;
4'b0110: seg <= 7'b0100000;
4'b0111: seg <= 7'b0001111;
4'b1000: seg <= 7'b0000000;
4'b1001: seg <= 7'b0000100;
4'b1010: seg <= 7'b0001000;
4'b1011: seg <= 7'b1100000;
4'b1100: seg <= 7'b0110001;
4'b1101: seg <= 7'b1000010;
4'b1110: seg <= 7'b0110000;
4'b1111: seg <= 7'b0111000;
endcase
end
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：Hex7seg2num_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module Hex7seg2num_test;
// Inputs
reg clk;
reg clr;
reg [3:0] high;
reg [3:0] low;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] an;
wire [6:0] seg;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
Hex7seg2num uut (
.clk(clk),
.clr(clr),
.high(high),
.low(low),
.an(an),
.seg(seg)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
clk = 0;
clr = 0;
high = 0;
low = 0;
// Wait 5 ns for global reset to finish
#5;
// Add stimulus here
clr = 1;
high = 2;
low = 4;
#5;
clr = 0;
end
always #5
clk = ~clk;
endmodule
// 引脚文件：Hex7seg2num_ucf.ucf NET "clk" LOC = "V10"; NET "clr" LOC = "C9"; NET "high[3]" LOC = "T5"; NET "high[2]" LOC = "V8"; NET "high[1]" LOC = "U8"; NET "high[0]" LOC = "N8"; NET "low[3]" LOC = "M8"; NET "low[2]" LOC = "V9"; NET "low[1]" LOC = "T9"; NET "low[0]" LOC = "T10"; NET "an[3]" LOC = "P17"; NET "an[2]" LOC = "P18"; NET "an[1]" LOC = "N15"; NET "an[0]" LOC = "N16"; NET "seg[6]" LOC = "T17"; NET "seg[5]" LOC = "T18"; NET "seg[4]" LOC = "U17"; NET "seg[3]" LOC = "U18"; NET "seg[2]" LOC = "M14"; NET "seg[1]" LOC = "N14"; NET "seg[0]" LOC = "L14";
14、Traffic controller(Moore FSM)
Moore FSM状态转换图
// 设计文件：trafficcontrollermoore.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module trafficcontrollermoore(
input TA,
input TB,
input clk,
input clr,
output reg [2:0] LA,
output reg [2:0] LB
);
reg [1:0] state, nextstate;
reg [31:0] count;
reg mclk;
parameter S0 = 2'b00;
parameter S1 = 2'b01;
parameter S2 = 2'b10;
parameter S3 = 2'b11;
parameter GREEN = 3'b100;
parameter YELLOW = 3'b010;
parameter RED = 3'b001;
parameter CLK_COUNT = 4; //板级验证的时候该值改为249999999;
always @ (posedge clk or posedge clr)
begin
if (clr)
begin
count <= 0;
mclk <= 0;
end
else if (count == CLK_COUNT)
begin
count <= 0;
mclk <= ~mclk;
end
else
count <= count+1;
end
always @ (posedge mclk or posedge clr)
begin
if (clr)
state <= S0;
else
state <= nextstate;
end
always @ (*)
begin
case (state)
S0: if (TA) nextstate = S0;
else nextstate = S1;
S1: nextstate = S2;
S2: if (TB) nextstate = S2;
else nextstate = S3;
S3: nextstate = S0;
default: nextstate = S0;
endcase
end
always @ (*)
begin
case (state)
S0: begin
LA = GREEN;
LB = RED;
end
S1: begin
LA = YELLOW;
LB = RED;
end
S2: begin
LA = RED;
LB = GREEN;
end
S3: begin
LA = RED;
LB = YELLOW;
end
default: begin
LA = GREEN;
LB = RED;
end
endcase
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：trafficcontrollermoore_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module trafficcontrollermoore_test;
// Inputs
reg TA;
reg TB;
reg clk;
reg clr;
// Outputs
wire [2:0] LA;
wire [2:0] LB;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
trafficcontrollermoore uut (
.TA(TA),
.TB(TB),
.clk(clk),
.clr(clr),
.LA(LA),
.LB(LB)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
TA = 0;
TB = 0;
clk = 0;
clr = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
clr = 1;
#100;
clr = 0;
#45;
TA = 1; TB = 0;
#100;
TA = 0; TB = 0;
#200
TA = 1; TB = 1;
#100;
TA = 1; TB = 0;
#200;
TA = 0; TB = 1;
#100;
clr = 1;
#100;
clr = 0;
end
always # 5
clk <= ~clk;
endmodule
// 引脚文件：trafficcontrollermoore_ucf.ucf NET "clk" LOC = "V10"; NET "clr" LOC = "C9"; NET "TA" LOC = "T5"; NET "TB" LOC = "V8"; NET "LA[2]" LOC = "T11"; NET "LA[1]" LOC = "R11"; NET "LA[0]" LOC = "N11"; NET "LB[2]" LOC = "U15"; NET "LB[1]" LOC = "V16"; NET "LB[0]" LOC = "U16";
15、Traffic controller(Mealy FSM)
Mealy FSM状态转换图
// 设计文件：trafficcontrollermealy.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module trafficcontrollermealy(
input TA,
input TB,
input clk,
input clr,
output reg [2:0] LA,
output reg [2:0] LB
);
reg [1:0] state, nextstate;
reg [31:0] count;
reg mclk;
parameter S0 = 2'b00;
parameter S1 = 2'b01;
parameter S2 = 2'b10;
parameter S3 = 2'b11;
parameter GREEN = 3'b100;
parameter YELLOW = 3'b010;
parameter RED = 3'b001;
parameter CLK_COUNT = 249999999; //板级验证的时候该值改为249999999;
always @ (posedge clk or posedge clr)
begin
if (clr)
begin
count <= 0;
mclk <= 0;
end
else if (count == CLK_COUNT)
begin
count <= 0;
mclk <= ~mclk;
end
else
count <= count+1;
end
always @ (posedge mclk or posedge clr)
begin
if (clr)
state <= S0;
else
state <= nextstate;
end
always @ (*)
begin
case (state)
S0: if (TA) nextstate = S0;
else nextstate = S1;
S1: nextstate = S2;
S2: if (TB) nextstate = S2;
else nextstate = S3;
S3: nextstate = S0;
default: nextstate = S0;
endcase
end
always @ (*)
begin
case (nextstate)
S0: begin
LA = GREEN;
LB = RED;
end
S1: begin
LA = YELLOW;
LB = RED;
end
S2: begin
LA = RED;
LB = GREEN;
end
S3: begin
LA = RED;
LB = YELLOW;
end
default: begin
LA = GREEN;
LB = RED;
end
endcase
end
endmodule
// 测试文件：trafficcontrollermealy_test.v
`timescale 1ns / 1ps
module trafficcontrollermealy_test;
// Inputs
reg TA;
reg TB;
reg clk;
reg clr;
// Outputs
wire [2:0] LA;
wire [2:0] LB;
// Instantiate the Unit Under Test (UUT)
trafficcontrollermealy uut (
.TA(TA),
.TB(TB),
.clk(clk),
.clr(clr),
.LA(LA),
.LB(LB)
);
initial begin
// Initialize Inputs
TA = 0;
TB = 0;
clk = 0;
clr = 0;
// Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish
#100;
// Add stimulus here
clr = 1;
#100;
clr = 0;
#45;
TA = 1; TB = 0;
#100;
TA = 0; TB = 0;
#200
TA = 1; TB = 1;
#100;
TA = 1; TB = 0;
#200;
TA = 0; TB = 1;
#100;
clr = 1;
#100;
clr = 0;
end
always # 5
clk <= ~clk;
endmodule
// 引脚文件：trafficcontrollermealy_ucf.ucf NET "clk" LOC = "V10"; NET "clr" LOC = "C9"; NET "TA" LOC = "T5"; NET "TB" LOC = "V8"; NET "LA[2]" LOC = "T11"; NET "LA[1]" LOC = "R11"; NET "LA[0]" LOC = "N11"; NET "LB[2]" LOC = "U15"; NET "LB[1]" LOC = "V16"; NET "LB[0]" LOC = "U16";