Oracle安装

 

安装包

[root@localhost ~]# yum install binutils compat-db control-center gcc* glibc libXp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make openmotif

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install control-center*

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install sysstat

 

修改Oracle语言字符集

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"

LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

SYSFONT="latarcyrheb-sun16"

 

root用户设置核心参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 2097152    (共享内存,单位是页面数 x86的32位为4k)

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 (单个共享内存段的最大尺寸)

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 (信号量)

fs.file-max = 65536 (文件句柄的最大数量)

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 （端口范围）

net.core.rmem_default = 262144 (默认内存读)

net.core.rmem_max = 262144    (默认内存最大读)

net.core.wmem_default = 262144 (默认内存写)

net.core.wmem_max = 262144    (默认内存最大写)

 

vi /etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 3 (Tikanga) （让Oracle认为linux是版本3）

 

使内核生效

[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

 

[root@sq1 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf (文件实际是 Linux PAM,插入式认证模块)

oracle           soft    nproc           2047 （oracle对进程最大数目的软限制）

oracle           hard    nproc           16384 （oracle对进程最大数目的硬限制）

oracle           soft    nofile          1024 （oracle对打开文件的最大数目的软限制）

oracle           hard    nofile          65536 （oracle对打开文件的最大数目的硬限制）

 

[root@sq1 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login (limits.conf是pam_limits.so的配置文件)

session     required     /lib/security/pam_limits.so （添加模块）

（应用限制PAM在登陆时加载限制模块）

 

用户环境变量

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@localhost ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is WAY too short

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

 

[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile

ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app （Oracle安装目录）

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 （Oracle主目录）

ORACLE_SID=TEST （Oracle实例名）

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin （Oracle所存放命令的路径）

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib （库的路径）

LANG=en_US.UTF-8 （字符集）

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH LANG 

 

让环境变量生效

[oracle@localhost ~]$ source .bash_profile

 

切换到Oracle用户

把oracle 安装程序 拷贝到linux

用oracle用户 解压缩

[oracle@localhost ~]$ unzip oracle_database_linux32.zip

root用户创建安装目录 并修改/etc/hosts

[root@localhost 10g]# hostname sq1

[root@localhost 10g]# vi /etc/hosts

[root@localhost /]# mkdir -p /oracle/app

[root@localhost /]# chmod -R 777 /oracle

[root@localhost /]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /oracle

 

安装Oracle 以oracle 用户登陆 进入解压缩目录 ./runInstaller 具体如图1所示

 

 

[root@sq1 oracle]# . /oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /oracle/app/oraInventory to 770.

Changing groupname of /oracle/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete

[root@sq1 oracle]# . /oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

 

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME= /oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

 

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

 

 

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

 

创建一个库

[oracle@sq1 database]$ dbca

如图2所示

 

 

检查是否安装成功

[oracle@sq1 database]$ ps -ef |grep ora_

oracle    22755     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_TEST

oracle    22757     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_TEST

oracle    22759     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_TEST

oracle    22761     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_TEST

oracle    22763     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_TEST

oracle    22765     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_TEST

oracle    22767     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_TEST

oracle    22769     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_TEST

oracle    22771     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_TEST

oracle    22773     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_TEST

oracle    22775     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_TEST

oracle    22777     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_TEST

oracle    22779     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_TEST

oracle    22784     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_TEST

oracle    22794     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_p000_TEST

oracle    22796     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_p001_TEST

oracle    22798     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_p002_TEST

oracle    22800     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_p003_TEST

oracle    22870     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_q002_TEST

oracle    22872     1 0 02:41 ?        00:00:00 ora_q003_TEST

oracle    23729 3016 0 02:45 pts/1    00:00:00 grep ora_