Oracle 备份与恢复学习笔记（6_4）

第六章： 不完全恢复--FlashBack

flashback database：利用flashback log 对整个database 做回退到过去的某个时间点（用于DDL 的误操作如drop 和 truncate）

1）查看flashback database
07:21:27 SQL> select flashback_on from v$database;                                                                                      

FLASHBACK_ON
------------------
NO

07:21:33 SQL> show parameter recover                                                                                                    

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery
                                                 _area
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 2G
recovery_parallelism                 integer     2
07:22:08 SQL> !                                                                                                                         
[oracle@work ~]$ mkdir -p /disk1/recovery/prod
[oracle@work ~]$ !sql
sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Aug 17 07:22:49 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

07:22:49 SQL>
07:22:49 SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/disk1/recovery/prod' scope=spfile;                                               

System altered.

-------存放flashback log（闪回日志）

--------启用flashback database 功能（database 必须是归档模式）
07:24:22 SQL> startup mount                                                                                                             
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size              71304592 bytes
Database Buffers          239075328 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
07:24:35 SQL> archive log list;                                                                                                         
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /disk1/arch/prod
Oldest online log sequence     0
Next log sequence to archive   1
Current log sequence           1

07:25:06 SQL> alter database flashback on;                                                                                              

Database altered.

07:25:29 SQL> select flashback_on from v$database;                                                                                      

FLASHBACK_ON
------------------
YES

07:25:38 SQL> alter database open;                                                                                                      

Database altered.

07:25:49 SQL>

------------flashback database 恢复DDL 误操作

1)模拟环境

07:26:30 SQL> select * from test;                                                                                                       

     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    20
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10

16 rows selected.

07:26:36 SQL> drop table test purge;                                                                                                    

Table dropped.

07:27:20 SQL> create table test as select * from emp where rownum=1;                                                                    

Table created.

07:27:25 SQL> select * from test;                                                                                                       

     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20

07:27:29 SQL>

--------flashback 日志
[oracle@work ~]$ ls /disk1/recovery/prod/PROD/flashback/
o1_mf_74q999lb_.flb
[oracle@work ~]$
--------在mount 下闪回
07:29:22 SQL> shutdown immediate                                                                                                        
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
07:29:53 SQL> startup mount                                                                                                             
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size              71304592 bytes
Database Buffers          239075328 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
07:30:02 SQL> flashback database to scn 1264788;                                                                                        

Flashback complete.

---------把database 以read only 方式打开，先验证下恢复是否成功，如果不成功，再从新进入mount ，恢复

07:31:29 SQL> alter database open read only;                                                                                            

Database altered.

07:31:34 SQL> select * from scott.test;                                                                                                 

     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    20
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10

16 rows selected.

---------恢复成功，重新以resetlogs的方式open database

07:31:40 SQL> shutdown immedaite                                                                                                        
SP2-0717: illegal SHUTDOWN option
07:31:45 SQL> shutdown immediate                                                                                                        
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
07:32:02 SQL> startup mount                                                                                                             
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size              71304592 bytes
Database Buffers          239075328 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
07:32:10 SQL> alter database open resetlogs;                                                                                            

Database altered.

--------验证：

07:32:25 SQL> select * from scott.test;                                                                                                 

     EMPNO ENAME      JOB              MGR HIREDATE         SAL       COMM     DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7369 SMITH      CLERK           7902 17-DEC-80        800                    20
      7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN        7698 20-FEB-81       1600        300         30
      7521 WARD       SALESMAN        7698 22-FEB-81       1250        500         30
      7566 JONES      MANAGER         7839 02-APR-81       2975                    20
      7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN        7698 28-SEP-81       1250       1400         30
      7698 BLAKE      MANAGER         7839 01-MAY-81       2850                    30
      7782 CLARK      MANAGER         7839 09-JUN-81       2450                    10
      7788 SCOTT      ANALYST         7566 19-APR-87       3000                    20
      7839 KING       PRESIDENT            17-NOV-81       5000                    10
      7844 TURNER     SALESMAN        7698 08-SEP-81       1500          0         30
      7876 ADAMS      CLERK           7788 23-MAY-87       1100                    20
      7900 JAMES      CLERK           7698 03-DEC-81        950                    30
      7902 FORD       ANALYST         7566 03-DEC-81       3000                    20
      7934 MILLER     CLERK           7782 23-JAN-82       1300                    10

16 rows selected.

--------------基于timestamp 的flashback database

1)查看flashback 参数

03:43:58 SQL> show parameter db_recovery

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 0

2）设置flashback 参数

03:44:09 SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/disk1/flash_area' scope=spfile;

System altered.

03:45:00 SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=1G scope=spfile;

System altered.

3）激活fashback （必须要database 干净的关闭才行）

03:45:20 SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size             180356496 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
03:45:36 SQL> show parameter db_recovery

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      /disk1/flash_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 1G

03:46:06 SQL> startup force mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size             180356496 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.

03:46:21 SQL> alter database flashback on;   ----非正常关库，无法打开flashback
alter database flashback on
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-38706: Cannot turn on FLASHBACK DATABASE logging.
ORA-38714: Instance recovery required.

03:47:03 SQL> show parameter db_recovery

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      /disk1/flash_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 1G

03:47:39 SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

03:49:33 SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size             180356496 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

03:49:43 SQL> show parameter db_recovery

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest                string      /disk1/flash_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 1G

03:49:52 SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
03:50:37 SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size             180356496 bytes
Database Buffers          130023424 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.

03:51:20 SQL> archive log list
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /disk1/arch
Oldest online log sequence     46
Next log sequence to archive   51
Current log sequence           51

03:51:25 SQL> alter database flashback on;   ----干净关闭下，开启flashback。

Database altered.

03:51:43 SQL> select name,current_scn ,flashback_on from v$database;

NAME      CURRENT_SCN FLASHBACK_ON
--------- ----------- ------------------
ORCL                0 YES

03:52:46 SQL> show parameter flashback

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_flashback_retention_target        integer     1440

03:53:47 SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

4） flashback 验证

04:04:28 SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
04:08:04 SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
04:08:13 SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual;

TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YY
-------------------
2011-03-18 04:08:42

04:09:02 SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
04:09:07 SQL> select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
    1437597

04:09:10 SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
04:09:29 SQL> select * from tab;

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
EMP                            TABLE
DEPT                           TABLE
BONUS                          TABLE
SALGRADE                       TABLE
QUEST_SL_TEMP_EXPLAIN1         TABLE
EMP1                           TABLE
ERRLOG                         TABLE
PART_SALES                     TABLE
T01                            TABLE
DEPT1                          TABLE

10 rows selected.

select * from t01;

        ID NA
---------- --
         1 TM

04:10:07 SQL> insert into t01 values(2,'aa');

1 row created.

04:10:17 SQL> insert into t01 values(3,'bb');

1 row created.

04:10:26 SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

04:10:30 SQL> drop table t01;

Table dropped.

04:10:41 SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
04:10:59 SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
04:11:03 SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
04:11:28 SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes
Fixed Size                  1219184 bytes
Variable Size             184550800 bytes
Database Buffers          125829120 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
04:12:07 SQL> flashback database to timestamp to_timestamp('2011-03-18 04:10:26','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');

Flashback complete.

04:13:34 SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

04:14:10 SQL> alter database open noresetlogs;
alter database open noresetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE option must be done

04:14:18 SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

04:15:35 SQL> select * from v$log;

    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- -------------------
         1          1          0   52428800          2 YES UNUSED                       0
         2          1          0   52428800          2 YES UNUSED                       0
         3          1          0   52428800          2 YES UNUSED                       0
         4          1          0   52428800          2 YES UNUSED                       0
         5          1          0   52428800          2 YES UNUSED                       0
         6          1          1   52428800          2 NO  CURRENT                1437637 2011-03-18 04:14:27

6 rows selected.

04:15:59 SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.
04:16:18 SQL> select * from t01;

        ID NA
---------- --
         1 TM

04:34:35 SQL> desc v$flashback_database_log;
 Name                                                                                Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------- -   OLDEST_FLASHBACK_SCN                                                               NUMBER
 OLDEST_FLASHBACK_TIME                                                             DATE
 RETENTION_TARGET                                                                  NUMBER
 FLASHBACK_SIZE                                                                    NUMBER
 ESTIMATED_FLASHBACK_SIZE                                                          NUMBER

04:34:37 SQL> select * from v$flashback_database_log;

OLDEST_FLASHBACK_SCN OLDEST_FLASHBACK_TI RETENTION_TARGET FLASHBACK_SIZE TIMATED_FLASHBACK_SIZE
-------------------- ------------------- ---------------- -------------- ----------------------            
1436931 2011-03-18 03:51:43             1440        8192000           115703808