微信公众平台开发 天气预报

在这篇教程中，我们将介绍如何在微信公众平台上开发天气预报功能。我们将使用中国天气网的气象数据接口来获取天气信息。

这篇教程将介绍以下内容：

1. 获取中国天气网的气象数据
2. 在微信公众平台中回复天气

 

一、中国天气网

中国天气网提供了丰富的气象数据接口。下面我们介绍主要的几个：

国家根节点接口：

http://flash.weather.com.cn/wmaps/xml/china.xml

该接口以XML格式列出所有的省（自治区、直辖市）的中文名称（quName）和拼音名称（pyName）及省会城市的天气信息，其中广东的数据如下：

<city quName="广东" pyName="guangdong" cityname="广州" state1="2" state2="7" stateDetailed="阴转小雨" tem1="8" tem2="15" windState="微风"/>

该接口的主要功能是通过它获取省级节点的拼音名称。以广东为例：其pyName是“Guangdong”。

省级节点接口（以广东为例）：

http://flash.weather.com.cn/wmaps/xml/Guangdong.xml

该接口以XML格式列出当前省下辖所有市的中文名称（quName）、拼音名称（pyName）、中心坐标、天气信息以及城市编码。其中深圳的数据如下所示：

<city cityX="409" cityY="257" cityname="深圳" centername="深圳" fontColor="FFFFFF" pyName="shenzhen" state1="1" state2="1" stateDetailed="多云" tem1="12" tem2="18" temNow="12" windState="微风" windDir="东北风" windPower="1级" humidity="74%" time="21:15" url="101280601"/>

在这个接口中主要获取城市名称及相应的城市编码。例如，深圳的城市编码为：101280601。可以编写程序将全国城市拓扑结构采集下来。也可以使用方倍工作室已经采集好的，点击这里下载。

实时天气数据（以深圳为例）：

http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101280601.html

该接口以JSON格式列出当前城市的实时天气状况。如下所示：

{
    "weatherinfo": { "city": "深圳", "cityid": "101280601", "temp": "12", "WD": "东北风", "WS": "1级", "SD": "75%", "WSE": "1", "time": "21:20", "isRadar": "1", "Radar": "JC_RADAR_AZ9755_JB" } }

实时天气数据参数说明下所示：

六日天气数据（以深圳为例）：

http://m.weather.com.cn/data/101280601.html

该接口以JSON格式列出当前城市的六日天气状况。如下所示：

{
    "weatherinfo": { "city": "深圳", "city_en": "shenzhen", "date_y": "2014年2月15日", "date": "", "week": "星期六", "fchh": "18", "cityid": "101280601", "temp1": "12℃~18℃", "temp2": "16℃~21℃", "temp3": "17℃~23℃", "temp4": "11℃~18℃", "temp5": "10℃~15℃", "temp6": "12℃~17℃", "tempF1": "53.6℉~64.4℉", "tempF2": "60.8℉~69.8℉", "tempF3": "62.6℉~73.4℉", "tempF4": "51.8℉~64.4℉", "tempF5": "50℉~59℉", "tempF6": "53.6℉~62.6℉", "weather1": "多云", "weather2": "阴", "weather3": "多云", "weather4": "中雨", "weather5": "多云", "weather6": "阴", "img1": "1", "img2": "99", "img3": "2", "img4": "99", "img5": "1", "img6": "99", "img7": "8", "img8": "99", "img9": "1", "img10": "99", "img11": "2", "img12": "99", "img_single": "1", "img_title1": "多云", "img_title2": "多云", "img_title3": "阴", "img_title4": "阴", "img_title5": "多云", "img_title6": "多云", "img_title7": "中雨", "img_title8": "中雨", "img_title9": "多云", "img_title10": "多云", "img_title11": "阴", "img_title12": "阴", "img_title_single": "多云", "wind1": "微风", "wind2": "微风", "wind3": "微风", "wind4": "东北风3-4级", "wind5": "微风", "wind6": "微风", "fx1": "微风", "fx2": "微风", "fl1": "小于3级", "fl2": "小于3级", "fl3": "小于3级", "fl4": "3-4级", "fl5": "小于3级", "fl6": "小于3级", "index": "较舒适", "index_d": "建议着薄外套、开衫牛仔衫裤等服装。年老体弱者应适当添加衣物，宜着夹克衫、薄毛衣等。", "index48": "较舒适", "index48_d": "建议着薄外套、开衫牛仔衫裤等服装。年老体弱者应适当添加衣物，宜着夹克衫、薄毛衣等。", "index_uv": "最弱", "index48_uv": "最弱", "index_xc": "适宜", "index_tr": "适宜", "index_co": "舒适", "st1": "19", "st2": "13", "st3": "23", "st4": "16", "st5": "24", "st6": "18", "index_cl": "适宜", "index_ls": "适宜", "index_ag": "不易发" } }

未来六日天气数据主要参数说明如下表所示：

以上接口是我们做天气预报功能将使用到的接口。

 

二、微信公众平台开发

1. 需要将城市编码对照表导入到数据库中，以下是SAE导入后截图

2. 将城市名转为城市代码的方法，这将在用户发送城市名的时候调用

 1 function fromNameToCode($name)  2 {  3 $mysql_host = SAE_MYSQL_HOST_M;  4 $mysql_host_s = SAE_MYSQL_HOST_S;  5 $mysql_port = SAE_MYSQL_PORT;  6 $mysql_user = SAE_MYSQL_USER;  7 $mysql_password = SAE_MYSQL_PASS;  8 $mysql_database = SAE_MYSQL_DB;  9 10 $mysql_table = "weather"; 11 $mysql_state = "SELECT * FROM ".$mysql_table." WHERE `cityName` = '".$name."'"; 12 13 $con = mysql_connect($mysql_host.':'.$mysql_port, $mysql_user, $mysql_password, true); 14 if (!$con){ 15 die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); 16  } 17 mysql_query("SET NAMES 'UTF8'"); 18 mysql_select_db($mysql_database, $con); 19 $result = mysql_query($mysql_state); 20 $cityCode = ""; 21 while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) 22  { 23 $cityCode = $row['cityCode']; 24 break; 25  } 26 mysql_close($con); 27 return $cityCode; 28 }

3. 编写接口调用函数，用于向天气网发送cURL请求，获取数据

 1 function httpRequest($url)  2 {  3 $ch = curl_init();  4 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);  5 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);  6 $output = curl_exec($ch);  7 curl_close($ch);  8 if ($output === FALSE){  9 return "cURL Error: ". curl_error($ch); 10  } 11 return $output; 12 }

4. 编写获取天气数据的函数，这里获取实时天气和未来3日天气，并将返回结果封装成图文信息的数组

 1 function getWeatherInfo($cityName)  2 {  3 $cityCode = fromNameToCode($cityName);  4  5 if ($cityCode == "")  6  {  7 return "错误的城市名或者此城市不在数据库中!";  8  }  9 10 //获取实时天气 11 $url = "http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/".$cityCode.".html"; 12 $output = httpRequest($url); 13 $weather = json_decode($output, true); 14 $info = $weather['weatherinfo']; 15 16 $weatherArray = array(); 17 $weatherArray[] = array("Title"=>$info['city']."天气预报", "Description"=>"", "PicUrl"=>"", "Url" =>""); 18 if ((int)$cityCode < 101340000){ 19 $result = "实况 温度：".$info['temp']."℃ 湿度：".$info['SD']." 风速：".$info['WD'].$info['WSE']."级"; 20 $weatherArray[] = array("Title"=>str_replace("%", "﹪", $result), "Description"=>"", "PicUrl"=>"", "Url" =>""); 21  } 22 23 //获取六日天气 24 $url = "http://m.weather.com.cn/data/".$cityCode.".html"; 25 $output = httpRequest($url); 26 $weather = json_decode($output, true); 27 $info = $weather['weatherinfo']; 28 29 if (!empty($info['index_d'])){ 30 $weatherArray[] = array("Title" =>$info['index_d'], "Description" =>"", "PicUrl" =>"", "Url" =>""); 31  } 32 33 $weekArray = array("日","一","二","三","四","五","六"); 34 $maxlength = 3; 35 for ($i = 1; $i <= $maxlength; $i++) { 36 $offset = strtotime("+".($i-1)." day"); 37 $subTitle = date("m月d日",$offset)." 周".$weekArray[date('w',$offset)]." ".$info['temp'.$i]." ".$info['weather'.$i]." ".$info['wind'.$i]; 38 $weatherArray[] = array("Title" =>$subTitle, "Description" =>"", "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/"."d".sprintf("%02u",$info['img'.(($i *2)-1)]).".jpg", "Url" =>""); 39  } 40 41 return $weatherArray; 42 }

5. 在微信公众平台接口函数中处理收到的文本消息时，文本将为城市名，直接调用获取天气的函数

  1 /*  2  方倍工作室  3  CopyRight 2013 All Rights Reserved  4 */  5  6 define("TOKEN", "weixin");  7  8 $wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest();  9 if (!isset($_GET['echostr'])) {  10 $wechatObj->responseMsg();  11 }else{  12 $wechatObj->valid();  13 }  14  15 class wechatCallbackapiTest  16 {  17 public function valid()  18  {  19 $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"];  20 if($this->checkSignature()){  21 echo $echoStr;  22 exit;  23  }  24  }  25  26 private function checkSignature()  27  {  28 $signature = $_GET["signature"];  29 $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"];  30 $nonce = $_GET["nonce"];  31 $token = TOKEN;  32 $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce);  33 sort($tmpArr);  34 $tmpStr = implode($tmpArr);  35 $tmpStr = sha1($tmpStr);  36  37 if($tmpStr == $signature){  38 return true;  39 }else{  40 return false;  41  }  42  }  43  44 public function responseMsg()  45  {  46 $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"];  47 if (!empty($postStr)){  48 $this->logger("R ".$postStr);  49 $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA);  50 $RX_TYPE = trim($postObj->MsgType);  51  52 switch ($RX_TYPE)  53  {  54 case "event":  55 $result = $this->receiveEvent($postObj);  56 break;  57 case "text":  58 $result = $this->receiveText($postObj);  59 break;  60  }  61 $this->logger("T ".$result);  62 echo $result;  63 }else {  64 echo "";  65 exit;  66  }  67  }  68  69 private function receiveEvent($object)  70  {  71 $content = "";  72 switch ($object->Event)  73  {  74 case "subscribe":  75 $content = "欢迎关注方倍工作室 ";  76 break;  77 case "unsubscribe":  78 $content = "取消关注";  79 break;  80  }  81 $result = $this->transmitText($object, $content);  82 return $result;  83  }  84  85 private function receiveText($object)  86  {  87 $keyword = trim($object->Content);  88  89 include("weather.php");  90 $content = getWeatherInfo($keyword);  91 $result = $this->transmitNews($object, $content);  92 return $result;  93  }  94  95  96 private function transmitText($object, $content)  97  {  98 $textTpl = "<xml>  99 <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 100 <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 101 <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 102 <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> 103 <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> 104 </xml>"; 105 $result = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), $content); 106 return $result; 107  } 108 109 private function transmitNews($object, $arr_item) 110  { 111 if(!is_array($arr_item)) 112 return; 113 114 $itemTpl = " <item> 115  <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title> 116  <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description> 117  <PicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></PicUrl> 118  <Url><![CDATA[%s]]></Url> 119  </item> 120 "; 121 $item_str = ""; 122 foreach ($arr_item as $item) 123 $item_str .= sprintf($itemTpl, $item['Title'], $item['Description'], $item['PicUrl'], $item['Url']); 124 125 $newsTpl = "<xml> 126 <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 127 <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 128 <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 129 <MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType> 130 <Content><![CDATA[]]></Content> 131 <ArticleCount>%s</ArticleCount> 132 <Articles> 133 $item_str</Articles> 134 </xml>"; 135 136 $result = sprintf($newsTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), count($arr_item)); 137 return $result; 138  } 139 140 private function logger($log_content) 141  { 142  } 143 }