mongdo通用类(C#版)

 

    日前从公司离职,很快,还没休息就步入了现在的公司,开始跟着公司的脚步走。

    公司的项目基本都是大数据的,所以在数据库上大部分都是使用Mongodb和Redis,基本都是Nosql型的数据库为主。以前自己学着做过Mongodb和Redis的Demo,大体知道其怎么去运用,只是没有一个规范化的封装和运用,单纯是学习。现在有实战项目了,就激起了我前进学习的心,趁着今天自己查了下一些资料,学习了借鉴了一些前辈的方法后自己也封装了一个Mongdb的底层通用类,这里分享出来跟大家一起学习下。

    这里主要是讲我封装的底层,不涉及到Mongodb的安装,启动,可视化查询等东西,后面会附上一些参考的地址供大家一起学习。

    目前mongodb提供的驱动主要有两种:

    1.官网驱动  下载地址:http://github.com/mongodb/mongo-csharp-driver/downloads

           2.第三方的samus驱动 下载地址:https://github.com/samus/mongodb-csharp

     两个驱动的运用自己都有使用过,个人感觉官方的驱动提供的方法比较多,用起来也比较顺手,而且更新度比samus的高,所以自己使用的是官方的驱动。

   

  

      官网驱动的简单使用

      主要使用下面的两个dll

    MongoDB.dll          驱动的主要程序

    MongoDB.GridFS.dll    用于存储大文件。

      基本的增删改查代码如下:

   
//数据库连接字符串

const string strconn = "mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017";

//数据库名称

const string dbName = "cnblogs";

//定义数据库

MongoDatabase db;



/// <summary>

/// 打开数据库链接

/// </summary>

public void GetConnection()

{

//定义Mongo服务

 Mongo mongo = new Mongo(strconn);

//打开连接

 mongo.Connect();

//获得数据库cnblogs,若不存在则自动创建

 db = mongo.GetDatabase(dbName) as MongoDatabase;

}



/// <summary>

/// 添加数据

/// </summary>

public void Insert()

{

var col = db.GetCollection<Users>();

//或者 

//var col = db.GetCollection("Users");



Users users = new Users();

users.Name = "xumingxiang";

users.Sex = "man";

col.Insert(users);

}

/// <summary>

/// 更新数据

/// </summary>

public void Update()

{

var col = db.GetCollection<Users>();

//查出Name值为xumingxiang的第一条记录

 Users users = col.FindOne(x => x.Name == "xumingxiang");

//或者 

//Users users = col.FindOne(new Document { { "Name", "xumingxiang" } });

 users.Sex = "women";

col.Update(users, x => x.Sex == "man");

}



/// <summary>

/// 删除数据

/// </summary>

public void Delete()

{

var col = db.GetCollection<Users>();

col.Remove(x => x.Sex == "man");

////或者

////查出Name值为xumingxiang的第一条记录

 //Users users = col.FindOne(x => x.Sex == "man");

//col.Remove(users);

}



/// <summary>

/// 查询数据

/// </summary>

public void Query()

{

var col = db.GetCollection<Users>();

var query = new Document { { "Name", "xumingxiang" } };



//查询指定查询条件的全部数据

 var result1 = col.Find(query);

//查询指定查询条件的第一条数据

 var result2 = col.FindOne(query);

//查询全部集合里的数据

 var result3 = col.FindAll();

}
View Code

 

 

       封装扩展使用

       1.数据库配置文件

       考虑到一个项目里面可能使用到不同的数据库(比如:普通数据和文件数据等分别存到不同数据库中),也有可能会跨服务器查询,所以这里首先创建一个配置文件帮助类,主要是可以进行多个数据库配置,满足跨服务器,跨数据的需求。

       配置格式如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<ServiceConfig>
  <mongodbs>
    <Item dbName="myDb" hostName="mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017"></Item>
    <Item dbName="myDb1" hostName="mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017"></Item>
    <Item dbName="myDb2" hostName="mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017"></Item>
  </mongodbs>
</ServiceConfig>

 

  Xml序列化对象类   

public class ServiceConfig
    {
        [XmlArray, XmlArrayItem("Item")]
        public List<mongodbConfig> mongodbs { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlRoot]
    public class mongodbConfig
    {
        [XmlAttribute("dbName")]
        public string dbName { get; set; }
        [XmlAttribute("hostName")]
        public string hostName { get; set; }
    }
View Code

   读取配置文件管理类

   public class ManagerConfig
    {
        public static string ConfigPath;
        //加载配置文件
        static ManagerConfig()
        {
            ConfigPath = "./config.xml";
        }
        //xml序列化后的对象
        private static ServiceConfig _settings;
        public static ServiceConfig ServiceSettings
        {
            get
            {
                return _settings ?? (_settings = Load());
            }
        }

        //加载xml序列化为ServiceConfig对象
        static ServiceConfig Load()
        {
            if (File.Exists(ConfigPath))
            {
                using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(ConfigPath, FileMode.Open))
                {
                    XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ServiceConfig));
                    //序列化为一个对象
                    _settings = (ServiceConfig)xs.Deserialize(fs);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception("数据库配置文件不存在,请检查");
                //_settings = new ServiceConfig();
            }

            return _settings;
        }
    }
View Code

 

   2.实体通用接口

      mongodb中本身没有自增ID的属性,自带有一个ObjectID,为了统一每个实体对象都有这个ID ,这里建立一个通用接口和一个底层实体基类来进行规范化处理

      实体接口   

public interface IMongoEntity
    {
        string Id { get; }
    }
View Code

      底层实体基类   

 public class BaseModel : IMongoEntity
    {
        [BsonIgnore]
        public string Id
        {
            get
            {
                if (_id == ObjectId.Empty)
                    _id = ObjectId.GenerateNewId(DateTime.Now);
                return _id.ToString();
            }
        }
        [BsonId]
        private ObjectId _id;
    }
View Code

     实体类的例子(继承于BaseModel类)     

public class UserEntity : BaseModel
    {
        public string UserName { get; set; }

        public int Num { get; set; }

        //MongoDB中存储的时间是标准时间UTC +0:00  (相差了8个小时)
        [BsonDateTimeOptions(Kind = DateTimeKind.Local)]
        public DateTime PostTime { get; set; }

    }
View Code

 

  3.Mongodb通用帮助基类 (主要类)    

    public class MongodbBase<T> where T : class,IMongoEntity
    {
        protected MongoServer server = null;
        protected MongoDatabase db = null;
        protected MongoCollection<T> collection;
        protected void Init(string DbName)
        {
            var Item = ManagerConfig.ServiceSettings.mongodbs.Where(p => p.dbName == DbName).FirstOrDefault();
            if (Item == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("不存在数据库为: " + DbName + " 的配置对象,请检查");
            }
            else
            {
                server = MongoDB.Driver.MongoServer.Create(Item.hostName);
                db = server.GetDatabase(Item.dbName);
                collection = db.GetCollection<T>(typeof(T).Name.Replace("Entity", ""));
            }
        }

        #region 查询
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据ID获取对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T GetModelById(string id)
        {
            return collection.FindOneById(id);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取一条记录(自定义条件)
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T FirstOrDefault(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression)
        {
            MongoDB.Driver.IMongoQuery query = Query<T>.Where(expression);
            return collection.FindOne(query);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取一条记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public T FirstOrDefault()
        {
            return collection.FindAll().FirstOrDefault();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取全部
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> FindAll()
        {
            return collection.FindAll().ToList();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取全部(自定义条件)
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> FindAll(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression)
        {
            MongoDB.Driver.IMongoQuery query = Query<T>.Where(expression);
            return collection.Find(query).ToList();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据条件获取数量
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="expression"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public long GetCount(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression = null)
        {
            if (expression == null)
            {
                return collection.Count();
            }
            else
            {
                return collection.Count(Query<T>.Where(expression));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据ID判断是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool Exists(string id)
        {
            return collection.FindOneById(id) != null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 分页
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="PageIndex">总页码</param>
        /// <param name="PageSize">页容量</param>
        /// <param name="RowCounts">总记录数</param>
        /// <param name="expression">条件</param>
        /// <param name="IsAsc">是否是正序</param>
        /// <param name="OrderFiled">排序的字段</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public List<T> Page(int PageIndex, int PageSize, out  long RowCounts, Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression = null, bool IsAsc = true, params string[] OrderFiled)
        {
            MongoCursor<T> mongoCursor;

            //条件选择
            if (expression != null)
            {
                RowCounts = collection.Find(Query<T>.Where(expression)).Count();
                mongoCursor = collection.Find(Query<T>.Where(expression));
            }
            else
            {
                RowCounts = collection.FindAll().Count();
                mongoCursor = collection.FindAll();
            }

            //排序
            if (OrderFiled != null && OrderFiled.Length > 0)
            {
                //处理主键字段
                for (int i = 0; i < OrderFiled.Length; i++)
                {
                    if (OrderFiled[i].Equals("id", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
                    {
                        OrderFiled[i] = "_id";
                    }
                }

                if (IsAsc)
                {
                    mongoCursor = mongoCursor.SetSortOrder(SortBy.Ascending(OrderFiled));
                }
                else
                {
                    mongoCursor = mongoCursor.SetSortOrder(SortBy.Descending(OrderFiled));
                }
            }

            return mongoCursor.SetSkip((PageIndex - 1) * PageSize).SetLimit(PageSize).ToList();
        }

        #region 效率低,暂时不用
        ///// <summary>
        ///// 分页
        ///// </summary>
        ///// <returns></returns>
        //public List<T> Page(int PageIndex, int PageSize, out  long RowCounts, Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression = null)
        //{
        //    List<T> ret = new List<T>();
        //    IQueryable<T> queryable;
        //    //条件选择
        //    if (expression != null)
        //    {
        //        queryable = collection.Find(Query<T>.Where(expression)).AsQueryable();
        //    }
        //    else
        //    {
        //        queryable = collection.FindAll().AsQueryable();
        //    }
        //    RowCounts = queryable.Count();
        //    ret = queryable.Skip((PageIndex - 1) * PageSize).Take(PageSize).ToList();
        //    return ret;
        //}

        ///// <summary>
        ///// 分页
        ///// </summary>
        ///// <typeparam name="TKey"></typeparam>
        ///// <param name="PageIndex"></param>
        ///// <param name="PageSize"></param>
        ///// <param name="RowCounts"></param>
        ///// <param name="expression"></param>
        ///// <param name="orderBy"></param>
        ///// <param name="IsOrder"></param>
        ///// <returns></returns>
        //public List<T> Page<TKey>(int PageIndex, int PageSize, out  long RowCounts, Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression = null, Expression<Func<T, TKey>> orderBy = null, bool IsOrder = true)
        //{
        //    List<T> ret = new List<T>();
        //    IQueryable<T> queryable;

        //    //条件选择
        //    if (expression != null)
        //    {
        //        queryable = collection.Find(Query<T>.Where(expression)).AsQueryable();
        //    }
        //    else
        //    {
        //        queryable = collection.FindAll().AsQueryable();
        //    }
        //    //排序
        //    if (orderBy != null)
        //    {
        //        if (IsOrder)
        //        {
        //            queryable = queryable.OrderBy(orderBy);
        //        }
        //        else
        //        {
        //            queryable = queryable.OrderByDescending(orderBy);
        //        }
        //    }
        //    RowCounts = queryable.Count();
        //    ret = queryable.Skip((PageIndex - 1) * PageSize).Take(PageSize).ToList();
        //    return ret;
        //} 
        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region 删除


        /// <summary>
        /// 带条件的删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="expression"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void Delete(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression)
        {
            MongoDB.Driver.IMongoQuery query = Query<T>.Where(expression);
            var result = collection.Remove(query);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据模型删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        public void Delete(T model)
        {
            MongoDB.Driver.IMongoQuery query = Query<T>.Where(p => p.Id == model.Id);
            collection.Remove(query);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据ID删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Id"></param>
        public void Delete(string Id)
        {
            MongoDB.Driver.IMongoQuery query = Query<T>.Where(p => p.Id == Id);
            collection.Remove(query);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 全部删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void DeleteAll()
        {
            var result = collection.RemoveAll();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 添加
        /// <summary>
        /// 单模型添加
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void Insert(T model)
        {
            var result = collection.Insert<T>(model);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 批量添加
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void InsertBatch(List<T> model)
        {
            collection.InsertBatch<T>(model);

        }
        #endregion

        #region 修改
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public void Update(T model)
        {
            var result = collection.Save<T>(model);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 批量修改
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        public void UpdateAll(List<T> model)
        {
            model.ForEach(e => collection.Save<T>(e));
        }
        #endregion

    }
View Code

 

     4.业务类

      当新建一个表(mongodb里面叫做集合),需要对其进行操作,包括一些业务处理时。首先继承MongodbBase类,然后使用Init方法初始化对象,如下面的UserServcices类

public class UserServices : MongodbBase<UserEntity>
    {
        public UserServices()
        {
            this.Init("myDb");
        }

    }
View Code

 

     5.使用    

 [TestClass]
    public class UnitTest1
    {
        Random rd = new Random();
        UserServices ubll = new UserServices();

        #region 添加
        [TestMethod]
        public void 添加()
        {
            UserEntity model = new UserEntity();
            model.UserName = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.Num = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.PostTime = DateTime.Now;
            ubll.Insert(model);

        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 添加复杂模型()
        {
            ComplexEntity model = new ComplexEntity();
            ComplexServices cbll = new ComplexServices();
            model.Name = "Complex";
            model.Schools = new List<School>();
            model.Schools.Add(new School()
            {
                Master = new Grade()
                {
                    Name = "Master"
                },
                Name = "School",
                Students = new List<Student>()
            });
            model.Schools[0].Students.Add(new Student() { Age = 22, Name = "张三" });
            cbll.Insert(model);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 批量添加()
        {
            List<UserEntity> Data = new List<UserEntity>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000; i++)
            {
                UserEntity model = new UserEntity();
                model.UserName = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
                model.Num = rd.Next(100, 10000);
                model.PostTime = DateTime.Now;
                Data.Add(model);
            }
            ubll.InsertBatch(Data);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 修改
        [TestMethod]
        public void 获取单个对象_修改()
        {
            var model = ubll.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Id != "");
            model.UserName = "new1";
            ubll.Update(model);
        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void 批量修改()
        {
            var model = ubll.FindAll();
            for (int i = 0; i < model.Count; i++)
            {
                model[i].UserName = "Text";
            }
            ubll.UpdateAll(model);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 查询
        [TestMethod]
        public void 获取全部对象()
        {
            var model = ubll.FindAll();
            var count = model.Count;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 获取单个对象()
        {
            var model = ubll.FirstOrDefault();
            var count = model.PostTime;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 根据ID获取对象()
        {
            var model = ubll.GetModelById("eeef22d6-7ac6-40cd-9312-59ab15fd904a");
        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void 获取全部对条件象_带条件()
        {
            var model = ubll.FindAll(p => p.UserName.Contains("Name"));
            var count = model.Count;
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 分页()
        {

            long Rows;
            List<UserEntity> pageDate = new List<UserEntity>();
            pageDate = ubll.Page(300, 20, out Rows, p => p.Num > 1500);
            pageDate = ubll.Page(1, 20, out Rows, null, true, "Id");
            pageDate = ubll.Page(1, 20, out Rows, null, true, "Num");
            pageDate = ubll.Page(1, 20, out Rows, p => p.Num > 1500, false, "Id");

        }


        [TestMethod]
        public void 获取数量()
        {
            //不带条件
            var count = ubll.GetCount();
            //带条件
            var count1 = ubll.GetCount(p => p.Num > 5000);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 删除
        [TestMethod]
        public void 删除_自定义条件()
        {
            ubll.Delete(p => p.Num >= 2000);
        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void 删除_删除模型()
        {
            var model = ubll.FirstOrDefault();
            if (model != null)
            {
                ubll.Delete(model);
            }
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 删除_根据ID删除()
        {
            ubll.Delete("ec45ea8b-a551-46eb-ad58-1b4f5f2aab25");
        }
        [TestMethod]
        public void 删除_删除全部()
        {
            ubll.DeleteAll();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 其他
        [TestMethod]
        public void 同时创建两个对象_同一数据库内()
        {
            LogServices Logbll = new LogServices();

            UserEntity model = new UserEntity();
            model.UserName = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.Num = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.PostTime = DateTime.Now;
            ubll.Insert(model);

            LogEntity log = new LogEntity();
            log.UserName1 = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            log.Num1 = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            log.PostTime1 = DateTime.Now;
            Logbll.Insert(log);


            model.UserName = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.Num = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.PostTime = DateTime.Now;
            ubll.Insert(model);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 同时创建两个对象_不同一数据库内()
        {
            Log1Services Logbll = new Log1Services();

            UserEntity model = new UserEntity();
            model.UserName = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.Num = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.PostTime = DateTime.Now;
            ubll.Insert(model);

            LogEntity log = new LogEntity();
            log.UserName1 = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            log.Num1 = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            log.PostTime1 = DateTime.Now;
            Logbll.Insert(log);


            model.UserName = "Name" + rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.Num = rd.Next(100, 10000);
            model.PostTime = DateTime.Now;
            ubll.Insert(model);
        }

        [TestMethod]
        public void 当指定名称不存在时候()
        {
            ErrorServices error = new ErrorServices();
        }
        #endregion

    }
View Code

 

  以上就是自己封装的整体逻辑和代码,不过这里面还有一些不明白和不足的地方,这里提出来,希望大神们帮我解答下:

  1.返回值问题

   在添,删,改的使用,根据官网提供的驱动,都有一个WriteConcernResult对象返回,可是在测试中发现,这个返回的对象永远都是null

          mongdo通用类(C#版)_第1张图片

 

     2.增加ID问题

     mongodb中本身没有自增ID的属性,自带有一个ObjectID,如果我需要一个自增ID,是否是自己建一个ID属性,然后在增加的时候自己控制+1?不过这样是否性能上比较低,还要考虑多线程并发的情况下加锁的问题。所以不知道这块大家是怎么去实现的?

 

   3.分页效率的问题

    一开始分页我是先将结果转为Queryable,然后在进行操作,这个代码里面有这段,暂时注释掉了,后面再博客园上看到了一个前辈的mongodb分析后,改了下分页的方式,测试过很快,但在带条件获取记录行总数的时候,发现测试300W数据下,获取总数需要600ms的时间,不知道是我方法用错了还是有其他更好的?

   

    

   最后附在几个学习的地址

    mongodb入门:http://www.cnblogs.com/fish-li/archive/2011/06/26/2090800.html

    官网驱动介绍:http://www.cnblogs.com/zhwl/p/3421034.html

    分页优化参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/capqueen/p/MongoDBPagination.html

 

   源码下载:戳这里-》

 

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