Oracle主库归档丢失，备库日志有gap，在不重建备库的情况下，恢复备库

 

本文主要描述Oracle备库日志与主库日志之间有gap，切主库这部分gap的归档日志已经删除或丢失，如何在不重建备库的情况下，恢复备库。

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作者：张正

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在dataguard环境中，由于主库archivelog丢失，且尚未同步到standby，问如何在避免
重建standby的情况下来将standby恢复成功的。 下面是我的测试过程，供参考！
—-主库
SQL> SELECT database_role FROM v$database;
 
DATABASE_ROLE
----------------
PRIMARY
 
SQL> archive log list;
DATABASE log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /arch
Oldest online log SEQUENCE     382
NEXT log SEQUENCE TO archive   383
CURRENT log SEQUENCE           383
SQL> SELECT COUNT(1) FROM roger.test;
 
  COUNT(1)
----------
        30
—-备库
SQL> SELECT database_role FROM v$database;
 
DATABASE_ROLE
----------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY
 
SQL> archive log list;
DATABASE log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /arch2
Oldest online log SEQUENCE     382
NEXT log SEQUENCE TO archive   0
CURRENT log SEQUENCE           383
SQL> 
SQL> ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE cancel;
 
DATABASE altered.
 
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY;
 
DATABASE altered.
 
SQL> SELECT COUNT(1) FROM roger.test;
 
  COUNT(1)
----------
        30
模拟主库丢失归档的情况：
—主库
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$Log;
 
    GROUP#    THREAD#  SEQUENCE#      BYTES    MEMBERS ARC STATUS           FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ------------
         1          1        383   10485760          1 NO  CURRENT                 740638 10-OCT-12
         2          1        382   20971520          1 YES INACTIVE                740633 10-OCT-12
 
SQL> archive log list;
DATABASE log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /arch
Oldest online log SEQUENCE     382
NEXT log SEQUENCE TO archive   383
CURRENT log SEQUENCE           383
SQL> ALTER system SET log_archive_dest_state_2 = 'defer';
 
System altered.
 
SQL> DELETE FROM roger.test WHERE rownum < 11;
 
10 ROWS deleted.
 
SQL> commit;
 
Commit complete.
 
SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM roger.test;
 
  COUNT(*)
----------
        20
 
SQL> ALTER system switch logfile;
 
System altered.
 
SQL> /
 
System altered.
 
SQL> /
 
System altered.
 
SQL> !
[oracle@primarydb ~]$ cd /arch
[oracle@primarydb arch]$ ls -ltr|tail -10
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba  3456000 Oct 10 15:18 1_374_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba   593408 Oct 10 15:23 1_375_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     4608 Oct 10 15:23 1_376_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     1024 Oct 10 15:23 1_377_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba    68096 Oct 10 15:25 1_378_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba  1297408 Oct 10 15:34 1_379_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     2048 Oct 10 18:35 1_382_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba   166400 Oct 10 18:44 1_383_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     2560 Oct 10 18:44 1_384_726529113.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     1024 Oct 10 18:44 1_385_726529113.dbf
[oracle@primarydb arch]$ rm 1_383_726529113.dbf  ---删除archivelog
[oracle@primarydb arch]$ rm 1_384_726529113.dbf 
[oracle@primarydb arch]$ exit
exit
 
SQL> ALTER system SET log_archive_dest_state_2 = 'enable';
 
System altered.
 
SQL>
—备库
SQL> ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE disconnect FROM SESSION;
 
DATABASE altered.
 
SQL> 
 
此时alert log信息如下：
Tue Nov 13 14:45:26 2012
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (test)
Managed Standby Recovery NOT USING REAL TIME Apply
 parallel recovery started WITH 2 processes
Tue Nov 13 14:45:31 2012
Waiting FOR ALL non-CURRENT ORLs TO be archived...
Media Recovery Waiting FOR thread 1 SEQUENCE 383
Tue Nov 13 14:45:32 2012
Completed: ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE disconnect FROM SESSION
Tue Nov 13 14:45:59 2012
Redo Shipping Client Connected AS PUBLIC
-- Connected User is Valid
RFS[2]: Assigned TO RFS process 9542
RFS[2]: IDENTIFIED DATABASE TYPE AS 'physical standby'
RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/arch2/1_385_726529113.dbf'
Tue Nov 13 14:46:02 2012
Fetching gap SEQUENCE IN thread 1, gap SEQUENCE 383-384
Tue Nov 13 14:47:02 2012
FAL[client]: Failed TO request gap SEQUENCE 
 GAP - thread 1 SEQUENCE 383-384
 DBID 2024668720 branch 726529113
FAL[client]: ALL defined FAL servers have been attempted.
-------------------------------------------------------------
CHECK that the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME initialization
parameter IS defined TO a VALUE that IS sufficiently LARGE
enough TO maintain adequate log switch information TO resolve
archivelog gaps.
如何在重建standby的情况下搞好备库呢？mos上,其实也有文章进行描述的,就是利用rman进行增量scn的恢复,下面我来进行展示：
1)首先定位到scn
SQL> SELECT SEQUENCE#,FIRST_CHANGE#,NEXT_CHANGE# FROM v$archived_log WHERE SEQUENCE# > 382 ORDER BY 1;
 
 SEQUENCE# FIRST_CHANGE# NEXT_CHANGE#
---------- ------------- ------------
       383        740638       740911
       384        740911       740915
       385        740915       740917
       385        740915       740917
2)根据scn，进行rman增量备份
[oracle@primarydb ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
[oracle@primarydb bin]$ ./rman target /
 
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Oct 10 18:51:57 2012
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
connected to target database: TEST (DBID=2024668720)
 
RMAN> backup device type disk incremental from scn 740638 database format '/tmp/test_db_incre.bbk';
 
Starting backup at 10-OCT-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=147 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00004 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/test01.dbf
input datafile fno=00007 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00009 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/test03.dbf
input datafile fno=00006 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/undo02.dbf
input datafile fno=00001 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/rman.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/undo01.dbf
input datafile fno=00008 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/test02.dbf
input datafile fno=00010 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/test04.dbf
input datafile fno=00011 name=/oracle/product/oradata/test/test05.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 10-OCT-12
 
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 10-OCT-12
piece handle=/tmp/test_db_incre.bbk tag=TAG20121010T185204 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:03:26
Finished backup at 10-OCT-12   RMAN> 3) 拷贝增量备份到standby [oracle@primarydb bin]$ cd /tmp [oracle@primarydb tmp]$ scp test_db_incre.bbk 192.168.3.176:/tmp/backup The authenticity of host '192.168.3.176 (192.168.3.176)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is a4:54:6b:bf:12:34:42:73:f5:ba:5f:38:c7:28:9c:b5. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.3.176' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. [email protected]'s password:  test_db_incre.bbk                             100%  736KB 736.0KB/s   00:00     [oracle@primarydb tmp]$ 4) standby进行recover [oracle@standbydb bin]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"   SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production ON Tue Nov 13 15:03:46 2012   Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  ALL Rights Reserved.     Connected TO: Oracle DATABASE 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production WITH the Partitioning, OLAP, DATA Mining AND REAL Application Testing options   SQL> ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE cancel;   DATABASE altered.   SQL> exit Disconnected FROM Oracle DATABASE 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production WITH the Partitioning, OLAP, DATA Mining AND REAL Application Testing options [oracle@standbydb ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin [oracle@standbydb bin]$ ./rman target /   Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production ON Tue Nov 13 14:58:25 2012   Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  ALL rights reserved.   connected TO target DATABASE: TEST (DBID=2024668720, NOT OPEN)   RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/tmp/backup/test_db_incre.bbk';   USING target DATABASE control file instead OF recovery catalog cataloged backuppiece backup piece handle=/tmp/backup/test_db_incre.bbk recid=49 stamp=799253957   RMAN>  recover DATABASE noredo;   Starting recover at 13-NOV-12 USING target DATABASE control file instead OF recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=97 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backupset restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) TO restore FROM backup SET destination FOR restore OF datafile 00001: /oracle/product/oradata/test/system01.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00002: /oracle/product/oradata/test/undo01.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00003: /oracle/product/oradata/test/rman.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00004: /oracle/product/oradata/test/test01.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00005: /oracle/product/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00006: /oracle/product/oradata/test/undo02.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00007: /oracle/product/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00008: /oracle/product/oradata/test/test02.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00009: /oracle/product/oradata/test/test03.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00010: /oracle/product/oradata/test/test04.dbf destination FOR restore OF datafile 00011: /oracle/product/oradata/test/test05.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading FROM backup piece /tmp/backup/test_db_incre.bbk channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 piece handle=/tmp/backup/test_db_incre.bbk tag=TAG20121010T185204 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed TIME: 00:00:01 Finished recover at 13-NOV-12   RMAN>    如下信息是recover时，alert log的记录信息： Tue Nov 13 15:04:05 2012 Completed: ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE cancel Tue Nov 13 15:04:55 2012 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 2 /oracle/product/oradata/test/undo01.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 8 /oracle/product/oradata/test/test02.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 10 /oracle/product/oradata/test/test04.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 11 /oracle/product/oradata/test/test05.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 3 /oracle/product/oradata/test/rman.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 5 /oracle/product/oradata/test/perfstat.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 1 /oracle/product/oradata/test/system01.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 6 /oracle/product/oradata/test/undo02.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 4 /oracle/product/oradata/test/test01.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 7 /oracle/product/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 Incremental restore complete OF datafile 9 /oracle/product/oradata/test/test03.dbf   checkpoint IS 741134 5) 开启standby同步，检查是否ok。 SQL> ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE disconnect FROM SESSION;   DATABASE altered.   SQL> SELECT database_role,open_mode FROM v$database;   DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE ---------------- ---------- PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED   --主库切换日志 SQL> SELECT database_role,open_mode FROM v$database;   DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE ---------------- ---------- PRIMARY          READ WRITE   SQL>  SQL> ALTER system switch logfile;   System altered. SQL> SELECT MAX(al.SEQUENCE#) "Last Seq Recieved",   2         MAX(lh.SEQUENCE#) "Last Seq Applied"   3  FROM v$archived_log al, v$log_history lh;     LAST Seq Recieved LAST Seq Applied ----------------- ----------------               386              386   SQL>    --备库   SQL> SELECT MAX(al.SEQUENCE#) "Last Seq Recieved",   2         MAX(lh.SEQUENCE#) "Last Seq Applied"   3  FROM v$archived_log al, v$log_history lh;     LAST Seq Recieved LAST Seq Applied ----------------- ----------------               386              382   SQL>  SQL> SELECT * FROM v$archive_gap;         THREAD# LOW_SEQUENCE# HIGH_SEQUENCE# ---------- ------------- --------------          1           383            384   备库archivelog： [oracle@standbydb arch2]$ ls -ltr |tail -5 -rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     2048 Nov 13 14:33 1_381_726529113.dbf -rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     2048 Nov 13 14:34 1_382_726529113.dbf -rw-r-----  1 oracle dba     1024 Nov 13 14:45 1_385_726529113.dbf -rw-r-----  1 oracle dba  1262080 Nov 13 15:06 1_386_726529113.dbf   备库alert log此时的信息： Tue Nov 13 15:06:17 2012 ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE disconnect FROM SESSION Tue Nov 13 15:06:17 2012 Attempt TO START background Managed Standby Recovery process (test) MRP0 started WITH pid=19, OS id=13497 Tue Nov 13 15:06:17 2012 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (test) Managed Standby Recovery NOT USING REAL TIME Apply  parallel recovery started WITH 2 processes Tue Nov 13 15:06:22 2012 Waiting FOR ALL non-CURRENT ORLs TO be archived... Media Recovery Waiting FOR thread 1 SEQUENCE 383 Fetching gap SEQUENCE IN thread 1, gap SEQUENCE 383-384 Tue Nov 13 15:06:23 2012 Completed: ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE disconnect FROM SESSION Tue Nov 13 15:06:54 2012 Redo Shipping Client Connected AS PUBLIC -- Connected User is Valid RFS[3]: Assigned TO RFS process 13596 RFS[3]: IDENTIFIED DATABASE TYPE AS 'physical standby' PRIMARY DATABASE IS IN MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode PRIMARY DATABASE IS IN MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode RFS[3]: Successfully opened standby log 4: '/oracle/product/oradata/test/redo04.log' Tue Nov 13 15:06:54 2012 RFS[2]: Successfully opened standby log 3: '/oracle/product/oradata/test/redo03.log' Tue Nov 13 15:07:23 2012 FAL[client]: Failed TO request gap SEQUENCE   GAP - thread 1 SEQUENCE 383-384  DBID 2024668720 branch 726529113 FAL[client]: ALL defined FAL servers have been attempted. ------------------------------------------------------------- CHECK that the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME initialization parameter IS defined TO a VALUE that IS sufficiently LARGE enough TO maintain adequate log switch information TO resolve archivelog gaps. 我们可以看到，虽然备库，仍然在提示383,384是gap ，但是实际上已经是同步的了。 6)最后来验证下数据 SQL> ALTER DATABASE recover managed standby DATABASE cancel;   DATABASE altered.   SQL> SELECT file#,checkpoint_change# FROM v$datafile ORDER BY 1;        FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ---------- ------------------          1             740638          2             740638          3             740638          4             740638          5             740638          6             740638          7             740638          8             740638          9             740638         10             740638         11             740638   11 ROWS selected.   SQL> SELECT file#,checkpoint_change# FROM v$datafile_header ORDER BY 1;        FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# ---------- ------------------          1             741134          2             741134          3             741134          4             741134          5             741134          6             741134          7             741134          8             741134          9             741134         10             741134         11             741134   11 ROWS selected.   SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY; ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY * ERROR at line 1: ORA-16004: backup DATABASE requires recovery ORA-01152: file 1 was NOT restored FROM a sufficiently OLD backup ORA-01110: DATA file 1: '/oracle/product/oradata/test/system01.dbf'   重建备库的standby controlfile： SQL> ALTER DATABASE CREATE standby controlfile AS '/tmp/standby.ctl';           DATABASE altered.   SQL> exit Disconnected FROM Oracle DATABASE 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production WITH the Partitioning, OLAP, DATA Mining AND REAL Application Testing options [oracle@primarydb tmp]$ scp standby.ctl 192.168.3.176:/tmp/backup [email protected]'s password:  standby.ctl                                                 100% 3928KB   3.8MB/s   00:00     [oracle@primarydb tmp]$    [oracle@standbydb bin]$ ./rman target /   Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Nov 13 15:19:09 2012   Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.   connected to target database (not started)   RMAN> startup nomount      Oracle instance started   Total System Global Area     264241152 bytes   Fixed Size                     1266944 bytes Variable Size                209718016 bytes Database Buffers              50331648 bytes Redo Buffers                   2924544 bytes   RMAN> restore controlfile from '/tmp/backup/standby.ctl';   Starting restore at 13-NOV-12 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=101 devtype=DISK   channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy output filename=/oracle/product/oradata/test/control01.ctl Finished restore at 13-NOV-12   RMAN> startup mount   database is already started database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1   RMAN> exit     Recovery Manager complete. [oracle@standbydb bin]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"   SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Nov 13 15:20:02 2012   Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.     Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options   SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;   Database altered.   SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;   Database altered.   SQL>  SQL>  SQL> alter database open read only;   Database altered.   SQL> select count(1) from roger.test;     COUNT(1) ----------         20   SQL> 最后，我们可以看到，在主库archivelog丢失无法同步到备库时，可以利用增量scn的方式，来避免重建standby。

 

本文是参考Roger的博客： http://www.killdb.com/index-of-article

 

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