C/C++跨平台的的预编译宏

我们在编译一些跨平台的程序的时候难免会遇到_WIN32  __linux__什么之类的SDK或者编译器环境预定义的宏。有很多，之前还分不清_WIN32 和WIN32的区别。不过这里还好有个列表，做个备忘。

 

Please send updates/corrections to predef-contribute.

AIX

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_AIX
Version	_AIX'VR'	V = Version R = Revision
Identification	__TOS_AIX__	Defined by xlC

Example

If _AIX is defined, then the following macros can be used to determine the version. Notice that the macros indicates the mentioned version or higher. For example, if _AIX43 is defined, then _AIX41 will also be defined.

AIX Version	Macro
3.2.x	_AIX3 _AIX32
4.1	_AIX41
4.3	_AIX43

Android

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__ANDROID__
Version	__ANDROID_API__	V	V = API Version Must be included from <android/api-level.h>

Notice that Android is based on Linux, and that the Linux macros also are defined for Android.

Example

Android Version	__ANDROID_API__
1.0	1
1.1	2
1.5	3
1.6	4
2.0	5
2.0.1	6
2.1	7
2.2	8
2.3	9
2.3.3	10
3.0	11

Amdahl UTS

Type	Macro
Identification	UTS

AmigaOS

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	AMIGA
Identification	__amigaos__	Defined by GNU C

Apollo AEGIS

Type	Macro
Identification	aegis

Apollo Domain/OS

Type	Macro
Identification	apollo

Bada

Based on Nucleus OS.

BeOS

Type	Macro
Identification	__BEOS__

Blue Gene

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__bg__	All Blue Gene systems Defined by XL C/C++ and GNU C
Version	__bgq__	Blue Gene/Q Defined for XL C/C++ and GNU C
Identification	__THW_BLUEGENE__	All Blue Gene systems Defined by XL C/C++
Version	__TOS_BGQ__	Blue Gene/Q Defined by XL C/C++

BSD Environment

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__FreeBSD__ __NetBSD__ __OpenBSD__ __bsdi__ __DragonFly__
Version	BSD	YYYYMM	YYYY = Year MM = Month Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Version	BSD4_2 BSD4_3 BSD4_4		Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Identification	_SYSTYPE_BSD		Defined by DEC C

Example

Version	BSD	Macro
4.3 Net2	199103
4.4	199306	BSD4_4
4.4BSD-Lite2	199506

BSD/OS

Type	Macro
Identification	__bsdi__

ConvexOS

Type	Macro
Identification	__convex__

Cygwin Environment

Type	Macro
Identification	__CYGWIN__

DG/UX

Type	Macro
Identification	DGUX
Identification	__DGUX__
Identification	__dgux__

DragonFly

Type	Macro
Identification	__DragonFly__

DYNIX/ptx

Type	Macro
Identification	_SEQUENT_
Identification	sequent

eCos

Type	Macro
Identification	__ECOS

EMX Environment

Type	Macro
Identification	__EMX__

FreeBSD

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__FreeBSD__
Identification	__FreeBSD_kernel__		From FreeBSD 8.3, 9.1, and 10.0.1
Version	BSD
Version	__FreeBSD__	V	V = Version
Version	__FreeBSD_version	?	Must be included from <osreldate.h>

Example

FreeBSD	__FreeBSD__	__FreeBSD_version
1.x	1
2.0-RELEASE	2	119411
2.2-RELEASE	2	220000
3.0-RELEASE	3	300005
4.0-RELEASE	4	400017
4.5-RELEASE	4	450000

For more information see the FreeBSD porters handbook.

GNU aka GNU/Hurd

The official name of this operating system is GNU. Hurd is the kernel in the GNU operating system. It is often listed as GNU/Hurd since there is also GNU/Linux and GNU/kFreeBSD, which are most of the GNU operating system with the Linux and FreeBSD kernels respectively.

Type	Macro
Identification	__GNU__ 1
Identification	__gnu_hurd__ 1

GNU/kFreeBSD

GNU/kFreeBSD is one of the Debian distros that is based on the FreeBSD kernel rather than the Linux or Hurd kernels.

Type	Macro
Identification	__FreeBSD_kernel__ && __GLIBC__

Notice that FreeBSD also defines __FreeBSD_kernel__ so the __GLIBC__ macro must be checked to distinguish it.

GNU/Linux

Type	Macro
Identification	__gnu_linux__

HI-UX MPP

Type	Macro
Identification	__hiuxmpp

HP-UX

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_hpux	Defined by HP UPC
Identification	hpux
Identification	__hpux

IBM OS/400

Type	Macro
Identification	__OS400__

INTEGRITY

Type	Macro
Identification	__INTEGRITY

Interix Environment

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__INTERIX	Defined by GNU C and Visual Studio

IRIX

Type	Macro
Identification	sgi
Identification	__sgi

Linux kernel

Systems based on the Linux kernel define these macros. There are two major Linux-based operating systems: GNU/Linux andAndroid, and numerous others like Ångström or OpenEmbedded

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__linux__	1
Identification	linux	Obsolete (not POSIX compliant)
Identification	__linux	Obsolete (not POSIX compliant)

LynxOS

Type	Macro
Identification	__Lynx__

MacOS

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	macintosh	Mac OS 9
Identification	Macintosh	Mac OS 9
Identification	__APPLE__ && __MACH__	Mac OS X Defined by GNU C and Intel C++

Microware OS-9

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__OS9000	Defined by Ultimate C/C++
Identification	_OSK	Defined by Ultimate C/C++

MINIX

Type	Macro
Identification	__minix

MorphOS

Type	Macro
Identification	__MORPHOS__

MPE/iX

Type	Macro
Identification	mpeix
Identification	__mpexl

MSDOS

Type	Macro
Identification	MSDOS
Identification	__MSDOS__
Identification	_MSDOS
Identification	__DOS__

NetBSD

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__NetBSD__
Version	BSD
Version	NetBSD'V'_'R'		V = Version R = Revision Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Version	__NetBSD_Version__	VVRRAAPP00	VV = Version RR = Revision AA = Release PP = Patch From NetBSD 1.2D (?) until NetBSD 2.0H Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Version	__NetBSD_Version__	VVRR00PP00	VV = Version RR = Revision PP = Patch From NetBSD 2.99.9 Must be included from <sys/param.h>

Example

NetBSD	__NetBSD_Version__	Macro
0.8		NetBSD0_8
0.9		NetBSD0_9
1.0		NetBSD1_0 = 1
1.0A		NetBSD1_0 = 2
1.2D	102040000
1.2.1	102000100

NonStop

Type	Macro
Identification	__TANDEM

Nucleus RTOS

Type	Macro
Identification	__nucleus__

OpenBSD

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__OpenBSD__
Version	BSD
Version	OpenBSD'V'_'R'		V = Version R = Revision Must be included from <sys/param.h>

Example

OpenBSD	Macro
3.1	OpenBSD3_1
3.9	OpenBSD3_9

OS/2

Type	Macro
Identification	OS2
Identification	_OS2
Identification	__OS2__
Identification	__TOS_OS2__

Palm OS

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__palmos__	Defined by GNU C in PRC-Tools

Plan 9

Type	Macro
Identification	EPLAN9

Pyramid DC/OSx

Type	Macro
Identification	pyr

QNX

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__QNX__		QNX 4.x
Identification	__QNXNTO__		QNX 6.x
Version	_NTO_VERSION	VRR	V = Version RR = Revision Only available when __QNXNTO__ is defined. Must be included from <sys/neutrino.h>
Version	BBNDK_VERSION_CURRENT	VVRRRRPPPP	V = Version RRRR = Revision PPPP = Patch Only available on Blackberry 10 From Blackberry 10.1.0 Must be included from <bbndk.h>

Example

QNX	_NTO_VERSION
6.2	620

Reliant UNIX

Type	Macro
Identification	sinux

SCO OpenServer

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	M_I386	Defined by GNU C
Identification	M_XENIX	Defined by GNU C
Identification	_SCO_DS

Solaris

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	sun
Identification	__sun
Version	__'System'_'Version'	System = uname -s Version = uname -r Any illegal character is replaced by an underscore. Defined by Sun Studio

Use the SVR4 macros to distinguish between Solaris and SunOS.

#if defined(sun) || defined(__sun)
# if defined(__SVR4) || defined(__svr4__) /* Solaris */ # else /* SunOS */ # endif #endif 

Example

Solaris	Macro
2.7	__SunOS_5_7
8	__SunOS_5_8

Stratus VOS

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__VOS__
Version	__VOS__	V	V = Version

Notice that the __VOS__ macro is defined by the compiler, but as several compilers can co-exist in the same OS release, the version number is not reliable.

SVR4 Environment

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__sysv__
Identification	__SVR4
Identification	__svr4__
Identification	_SYSTYPE_SVR4	Defined on IRIX

Syllable

Type	Macro
Identification	__SYLLABLE__

Symbian OS

Type	Macro
Identification	__SYMBIAN32__

Tru64 (OSF/1)

Type	Macro
Identification	__osf__
Identification	__osf

Ultrix

Type	Macro
Identification	ultrix
Identification	__ultrix
Identification	__ultrix__
Identification	unix & vax

UNICOS

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	_UNICOS
Version	_UNICOS	V	V = Version

UNICOS/mp

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_CRAY __crayx1

UNIX Environment

Type	Macro
Identification	__unix__
Identification	__unix

Notice that not all compilers defines these macros, e.g. the xlC or the DEC C/C++ compiler, so it may be better to use the POSIX or X/Open standard macros instead.

UnixWare

Type	Macro
Identification	sco
Identification	_UNIXWARE7

U/Win Environment

Type	Macro
Identification	_UWIN

VMS

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	VMS
Identification	__VMS
Version	__VMS_VER	VVRREPPTT	VV = Version RR = Revision E = Edit number PP = Patch (01 = A, ... 26 = Z) TT = Type (22 = official)

Example

VMS	__VMS_VER
6.1	60100022
6.2	60200022
6.2-1I	60210922

VxWorks

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__VXWORKS__	Defined by GNU C and Diab (from ?)
Identification	__vxworks	Defined by GNU C and Diab (from ?)
Version	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAJOR	Version Must be included from <version.h>
Version	_WRS_VXWORKS_MINOR	Revision Must be included from <version.h>
Version	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAINT	Patch/maintenance Must be included from <version.h>
Mode	__RTP__	For real-time mode
Mode	_WRS_KERNEL	For kernel mode

Example

VxWorks	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAJOR	_WRS_VXWORKS_MINOR	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAINT
6.2	6	2	0

Windows

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_WIN16	Defined for 16-bit environments 1
Identification	_WIN32	Defined for both 32-bit and 64-bit environments 1
Identification	_WIN64	Defined for 64-bit environments 1
Identification	__WIN32__	Defined by Borland C++
Identification	__TOS_WIN__	Defined by xlC
Identification	__WINDOWS__	Defined by Watcom C/C++

Windows CE

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	_WIN32_WCE		Defined by Embedded Visual Studio C++
Version	_WIN32_WCE	VRR	V = Version R = Revision
Identification	WIN32_PLATFORM_'P'		P = Platform
Version	WIN32_PLATFORM_'P'	V	P = Platform V = Version

Example

Version	_WIN32_WCE
2.01	201
2.11	211
3.0	300
4.0	400
4.1	410
4.2	420
5.0	501

Platform	Macro	Value
H/PC 2000	WIN32_PLATFORM_HPC2000
H/PC Pro 2.11	WIN32_PLATFORM_HPCPRO	211
H/PC Pro 3.0	WIN32_PLATFORM_HPCPRO	300
Pocket PC	WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC	1
Pocket PC 2002	WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC	310
Windows Mobile 2003	WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC	400
Smartphone 2002	WIN32_PLATFORM_WFSP	100

Wind/U Environment

Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	_WINDU_SOURCE
Version	_WINDU_SOURCE	0xVVRRPP	VV = Version RR = Revision PP = Patch

Example

Wind/U	_WINDU_SOURCE
3.1.2	0x030102

z/OS

Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__MVS__	Host
Identification	__HOS_MVS__	Host
Identification	__TOS_MVS__	Target

Related

 

 

references:

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5919996/how-to-detect-reliably-mac-os-x-ios-linux-windows-in-c-preprocessor

http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/cpp/Predefined-Macros.html

http://sourceforge.net/p/predef/wiki/OperatingSystems/