.net的反射与属性
搞了一天，TMD在网上搜了一天，没有一个具体的总结。现在将我总结反射与属性的应用分享给我的朋友.......
什么是属性（不是字段什么年龄，性别这些）？
举个列子如下图：
看backcolor是属性名字，再看最下面是：组件的背颜色。就是该属性的描述了
再看他们是如何实现的（下图）：
首先自定义属性：代码如下（这是一个类库即Dll文件）
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace CustomAttribute
{
[System.AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class Name:Attribute
{
string name;
public string Name1
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
public Name(string name)
{
this.name = name;
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace CustomAttribute
{
[System.AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class Description:Attribute
{
string Desc;
public string Desc1
{
get { return Desc; }
set { Desc = value; }
}
public Description(string Description)
{
this.Desc = Description;
}
}
}
一定要继承attribute这个类，这样你才实现属性效果，这么一句话
[System.AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = true)]
告诉大家这个属性在什么地方能用呢？这里的AttributeTargets是个menu类型的，all表示适应所有，有类，方法，接口等，你可能不能我怎么用啊？再往下看。。。
自定义属性的应用：
在定义一个类库（把属性加进去）：（记住再添加的时候要把上面的类库生成的Dll要添加应用）
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace ClassLibrary1
{
public class Class1
{
[CustomAttribute.Name("加法")]
[CustomAttribute.Description("加法运算")]
public int add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
[CustomAttribute.Name("减法")]
[CustomAttribute.Description("减法运算")]
public int plus(int a, int b)
{
return a - b;
}
[CustomAttribute.Name("乘法")]//调用的是构造函数
[CustomAttribute.Description("乘法运算")]
public int Multiply(int a, int b)
{
return a * b;
}
[CustomAttribute.Name("除法")]
[CustomAttribute.Description("除法运算")]
public int division(int a, int b)
{
return a / b;
}
int aa;
[CustomAttribute.Name("字段A")]
[CustomAttribute.Description("(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……A")]
public int Aa
{
get { return aa; }
set { aa = value; }
}
int bb;
[CustomAttribute.Name("字段B")]
[CustomAttribute.Description("(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……B")]
public int Bb
{
get { return bb; }
set { bb = value; }
}
}
}
但是还是没有出现那个效果啊，不要急，下部就会出现：
创建一个应用程序（此处要把自定义的Dll加进去，同时还用到了反射的知识）：
界面如下：
主要看详细信息这一块：名称。。。功能描述。。。。再看看上面应用的属性的DLL是不是这一块内容！
实现代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Reflection;
namespace Reflect
{
public partial class FrmMain : Form
{
public FrmMain()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
OpenFileDialog OFD = new OpenFileDialog();
string[] dllFiles;
Assembly ass;
MethodInfo[] Methods;
PropertyInfo[] Propertis;
EventInfo[] Events;
MethodInfo E_Methods;
ParameterInfo[] Params;
private void btnBrowse_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OFD.Multiselect = true;
if (OFD.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
dllFiles = OFD.FileNames;
}
textBox1.Text = dllFiles[0].Substring(0, dllFiles[0].LastIndexOf("\\"));
foreach (string FileDll in dllFiles)
{
this.lbxDLL.Items.Add(FileDll.Substring(FileDll.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1));
}
}
private void lbxP_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
richTextBox1.Text = "属性类型：\n";
richTextBox1.AppendText(Propertis[lbxP.SelectedIndex].Name + " " + Propertis[lbxP.SelectedIndex].PropertyType.ToString());
}
private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (lbxDLL.SelectedItem == null)
{
MessageBox.Show("请您选择一个数据集！");
return;
}
ass = Assembly.LoadFile(dllFiles[lbxDLL.SelectedIndex]);
Type type = ass.GetType(txtNamespace.Text+"."+txtClassName.Text);
Methods = type.GetMethods();
Propertis = type.GetProperties();
Events = type.GetEvents();
lbxM.Items.Clear();
foreach (MethodInfo TempMethod in Methods)
{
if (TempMethod.IsPublic)
{
lbxM.Items.Add(TempMethod.Name);
}
}
lbxP.Items.Clear();
foreach (PropertyInfo TempProperty in Propertis)
{
lbxP.Items.Add(TempProperty.Name);
}
lbxE.Items.Clear();
foreach (EventInfo TempEvent in Events)
{
lbxE.Items.Add(TempEvent.Name);
}
}
private void lbxM_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Params = Methods[lbxM.SelectedIndex].GetParameters();
richTextBox1.Text = "参数：\n";
lbxMP.Items.Clear();
foreach (ParameterInfo tempParam in Params)
{
richTextBox1.AppendText(tempParam.ParameterType.ToString() + " " + tempParam.Name + "\n");
lbxMP.Items.Add(tempParam.ToString());
}
Type type=typeof(CustomAttribute.Name);
object[] objs = Methods[lbxM.SelectedIndex].GetCustomAttributes(type, true);
if (objs.Length == 1)
{
CustomAttribute.Name name = (CustomAttribute.Name)objs[0];
richTextBox1.AppendText("\n名称：" + name.Name1);
}
Type typeD = typeof(CustomAttribute.Description);
object[] objsD = Methods[lbxM.SelectedIndex].GetCustomAttributes(typeD, true);
if (objsD.Length == 1)
{
CustomAttribute.Description Des = (CustomAttribute.Description)objsD[0];
richTextBox1.AppendText("\n" + "功能描述：" + Des.Desc1);
}
txtParam.Text = "";
lbxMPValue.Items.Clear();
richTextBox2.Text = "";
}
private void lbxE_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
E_Methods = Events[lbxE.SelectedIndex].GetRaiseMethod();
richTextBox1.Text = "消息处理函数\n";
richTextBox1.AppendText(E_Methods.Name);
richTextBox1.AppendText("函数参数\n");
foreach (ParameterInfo TempParam in E_Methods.GetParameters())
{
richTextBox1.AppendText(TempParam.ParameterType.ToString() + " " + TempParam.Name + "\n");
}
}
private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (txtParam.Text.Trim() == "" || lbxMP.SelectedItem == null)
{
MessageBox.Show("确定参数选中或是参数已赋值！");
return;
}
lbxMPValue.Items.Add(lbxMP.SelectedItem.ToString() + ": " + txtParam.Text);
txtParam.Text = "";
}
private void btnDel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (lbxMPValue.SelectedItem == null)
{
MessageBox.Show("确定选中删除参数！");
return;
}
lbxMPValue.Items.Remove(lbxMPValue.Items[lbxMPValue.SelectedIndex]);
}
object[] Param_Ms;
private void btnRun_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
object obj = ass.CreateInstance(txtNamespace.Text + "." + txtClassName.Text);
Param_Ms = new object[lbxMPValue.Items.Count];
for (int i = 0; i < lbxMPValue.Items.Count; i++)
{
Param_Ms[i]=Int32.Parse(lbxMPValue.Items[i].ToString().Split(':')[1].Trim());
}
richTextBox2.Text = "运行结果：\n";
richTextBox2.AppendText(Methods[lbxM.SelectedIndex].Invoke(obj, Param_Ms).ToString());
}
private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
txtNamespace.Text = "ClassLibrary1";
txtClassName.Text = "Class1";
}
}
}
这部分代码是反射和属性的结合，其中看这部分：
欢迎大家留言！