对话框基础知识及常用控件简介

对话框基础知识及常用控件简介

1、把MFC类与控件关联起来
1）使用GetDlgItem函数
   CWnd* CWnd::GetDlgItem(int nID) const;
   void* CWnd::GetDlgItem(int nID,HWND* phWnd) const;

void  CDialogDlg::OnGetdlgitem() 
{
    CComboBox *  pCbo = (CComboBox * )GetDlgItem(IDC_COMBO1);
     // 获取某个空间的指针
    ASSERT(pCbo);
     if (pCbo)
    {
        pCbo -> AddString( " GetDlgItem-1 " );
        pCbo -> SetCurSel( 0 );
    }
}

2）通过Attach函数为控件定义子类
   使用此函数要注意在添加代码以去掉关联

void  CDialogDlg::OnUsingattach() 
{
     if (NULL == m_combo2.GetSafeHwnd())
         // 检查控件有没关联到子类
    {
        HWND hwnd;
        GetDlgItem(IDC_COMBO2, & hwnd);
         if (hwnd)
        {
            m_combo2.Attach(hwnd);
            m_combo2.AddString( " Using Attach-1 " );
            m_combo2.AddString( " Using Attach-2 " );
            m_combo2.SetCurSel( 0 );
        }
    }
}

void  CDialogDlg::OnDestroy() 
{
    CDialog::OnDestroy();

    m_combo2.Detach();
}

3）使用对话框模板控件的DDX
   添加完控件后，单击新添加的组合框，选择Add Member Variable菜单项。选中Member Variables，单击Add Variables，将Variable type设为CComboBox，在Variable name框中输入“m_combo3”

void  CDialogDlg::OnButton2() 
{
    m_combo3.AddString( " Using DDX " );
    m_combo3.SetCurSel( 0 );
}

4）动态创建控件
   添加一个变量：CComBox m_combo4

void  CDialogDlg::OnButton3() 
{
     if (NULL == m_combo4.GetSafeHwnd())
    {
        CComboBox *  pExistingCombo = (CComboBox * )GetDlgItem(IDC_COMBO2);
        CWnd *  pUsingDynamic = GetDlgItem(IDC_BUTTON3);
        ASSERT(pExistingCombo && pUsingDynamic);
         if (pExistingCombo && pUsingDynamic)
        {
            CRect rectCombo,rectDropdown;
            pExistingCombo -> GetWindowRect(rectCombo);
            ScreenToClient(rectCombo);

            CRect rectButton;
            pUsingDynamic -> GetWindowRect(rectButton);
            ScreenToClient(rectButton);

            rectCombo.right = rectButton.left + rectCombo.Width();
            rectCombo.left = rectButton.left;

            pExistingCombo -> ShowDropDown();
            pExistingCombo -> GetDroppedControlRect(rectDropdown);
             // 得到已存在组合框的下拉长度
            pExistingCombo -> ShowDropDown(FALSE);
            ScreenToClient(rectDropdown);
            rectCombo.bottom += rectDropdown.Height();

            DWORD dwStyle = pExistingCombo -> GetStyle();
            m_combo4.Create(dwStyle,rectCombo, this , 1222 );

            m_combo4.AddString( " Dynamic-1 " );
            m_combo4.AddString( " Dynamic-2 " );
            m_combo4.SetCurSel( 0 );
            m_combo4.SetFocus();
        }
    }
}

2、位图按钮
1）使用CBitmapButton类
   在项目中添加一个CBitmapButton类的子类（称为CMyFancyButton），并在按钮属性的样式中把Owner Draw属性设为TRUE。

BOOL CDialogDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
        
    m_fancyButton.LoadBitmaps(IDB_UP,IDB_DOWN,IDB_FOCUSED,IDB_DISABLED);
     // 分别设置图像的四个状态
    m_fancyButton.SizeToContent(); // 自动将按钮的大小设置为位图的大小
         
}

2）使用BS_BITMAP风格
   在按钮属性的样式中把Bitmap属性设为TRUE。

BOOL CDialogDlg::OnInitDialog()
{

    CButton *  pBSBitmap = (CButton * )GetDlgItem(IDC_BUTTON4);
    ASSERT(pBSBitmap);
     if (pBSBitmap)
    {
        VERIFY(m_bmpBSBitmap.LoadBitmap(IDB_UP));
        HBITMAP hbmp = (HBITMAP)m_bmpBSBitmap.GetSafeHandle();
        pBSBitmap -> SetBitmap(hbmp);
    }

}

3、修改控件运行时的属性
1）改变控件的颜色
   添加WM_CTLCOLOR事件

HBRUSH CDialogDlg::OnCtlColor(CDC *  pDC, CWnd *  pWnd, UINT nCtlColor) 
{
    HBRUSH hbr  =  CDialog::OnCtlColor(pDC, pWnd, nCtlColor);

    pDC -> SetTextColor(RGB( 255 , 255 , 255 ));
    pDC -> SetBkColor(RGB( 255 , 0 , 0 ));

     return  hbr;
}

4）设置控件的字体
   首先声明字体CFont m_font，再定义字体，最后循环遍历控件并对其进行设置字体

int  CDialogDlg::PointSizeToHeight( int  iPointSize,HDC hDC)
{
     int  iRetVal = 0 ;
    ASSERT(hDC != NULL);
    iRetVal =- (MulDiv(iPointSize,::GetDeviceCaps(hDC,LOGPIXELSY), 72 ));
     return  iRetVal;
}

BOOL CDialogDlg::OnInitDialog()
{

    LOGFONT lf;
    ZeroMemory( & lf, sizeof (LOGFONT));
    CClientDC clientDC( this );
    lf.lfHeight = PointSizeToHeight( 18 ,clientDC.m_hDC);
    lf.lfWeight = FW_BOLD;
    strcpy(lf.lfFaceName, " MS Sans Serif " );
    VERIFY(m_font.CreateFontIndirect( & lf));

}

void  CDialogDlg::OnButton6() 
{
    CWnd *  pChildWnd = NULL;
    pChildWnd = GetTopWindow();
     while  (NULL != pChildWnd)
    {
        pChildWnd -> SetFont( & m_font);
        pChildWnd = pChildWnd -> GetNextWindow(GW_HWNDNEXT);
    }
}