四极管：备份资料（大学四年做了什么···）

 四极管总结大学四年学习的东西：

         包括了51单片机、AVR单片机、Delphi（学习了一个月吧好像）、C++builder、44b0以及2440的wince驱动。重要的应该是四极管所在团队全国电子竞赛和区电子竞赛的具体实现源码。陆续上传，所有源代码都是自己亲手敲的，当然，也有参考，但是确实是四极管一个字母一个字母敲的，在实验板上可以跑的。代码都是当初在校的水平，如有错误，还望留言指点，但是对于大学期间的初学者还是很有用处的。帮助别人就是帮助自己，四极管也担心哪天自己硬盘坏掉了，也在这里做个备份哈哈·特此申明。需要源码的可以写下邮箱，有时间可以发过去。。大牛们就路过就好··

 

 

AVR 用的大部分是M32  用GCC编译，  C++Builder大部分用6.0，AVR  Makefile文件基本上没什么变动，如下：

四极管：Makefile文件

#这是一个简单makefile,仅用于初学者使用
#修改于WINAVR20050214所生成的makefile
#简单实验只需更改 [单片机类型][目标文件名][C源文件名][系统时钟频率]即可
#修改好参数后另存到单片机程序所在目录，然后执行[make all]命令
#生成 烧录FLASH的*.hex,烧录EEPROM的*.eep,调试用的*.elf 文件
#
#           www.OurAVR.com

# MCU name
# 单片机类型 参考格式是：atmega8 / at90s2313 / attiny15

MCU = atmega32

# Processor frequency.
# 系统时钟频率(Hz),用于生成延时 _delay_us() _delay_ms() 见delay.h
#     This will define a symbol, F_CPU, in all source code files equal to the
#     processor frequency. You can then use this symbol in your source code to
#     calculate timings. Do NOT tack on a 'UL' at the end, this will be done
#     automatically to create a 32-bit value in your source code.
F_CPU = 16000000

# Target file name (without extension).
# 目标文件名(即生成的.hex/.eep/.elf的文件名)
TARGET = main

# List C source files here. (C dependencies are automatically generated.)
# C源文件名（不带路径）
# 多个文件名间用空格隔开 例如 SRC = file1.c file2.c file3.c
# 不需要加上 h头文件
SRC = $(TARGET).c 

#**************后面内容基本不需要修改，除非你是老手*****************************#

# Output format. (can be srec, ihex, binary)
# 输出烧录文件格式
FORMAT = ihex

# Optimization level, can be [0, 1, 2, 3, s].
# 优化级别
#     0 = turn off optimization. s = optimize for size.
#     (Note: 3 is not always the best optimization level. See avr-libc FAQ.)
OPT = s

# Debugging format.
# 输出调试格式
#     Native formats for AVR-GCC's -g are dwarf-2 [default] or stabs.
#     AVR Studio 4.10 requires dwarf-2.
#     AVR [Extended] COFF format requires stabs, plus an avr-objcopy run.
DEBUG = dwarf-2

# List Assembler source files here.
# 汇编源文件名（不带路径，但扩展名 .sS 需大写，否则将会被make clean 所误删）
#     Make them always end in a capital .S.  Files ending in a lowercase .s
#     will not be considered source files but generated files (assembler
#     output from the compiler), and will be deleted upon "make clean"!
#     Even though the DOS/Win* filesystem matches both .s and .S the same,
#     it will preserve the spelling of the filenames, and gcc itself does
#     care about how the name is spelled on its command-line.
ASRC =

# Hey Emacs, this is a -*- makefile -*-
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WinAVR Makefile Template written by Eric B. Weddington, J鰎g Wunsch, et al.
#
# Released to the Public Domain
#
# Additional material for this makefile was written by:
# Peter Fleury
# Tim Henigan
# Colin O'Flynn
# Reiner Patommel
# Markus Pfaff
# Sander Pool
# Frederik Rouleau
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# On command line:
#
# make all = Make software.
#
# make clean = Clean out built project files.
#
# make coff = Convert ELF to AVR COFF.
#
# make extcoff = Convert ELF to AVR Extended COFF.
#
# make program = Download the hex file to the device, using avrdude.
#                Please customize the avrdude settings below first!
#
# make debug = Start either simulavr or avarice as specified for debugging,
#              with avr-gdb or avr-insight as the front end for debugging.
#
# make filename.s = Just compile filename.c into the assembler code only.
#
# make filename.i = Create a preprocessed source file for use in submitting
#                   bug reports to the GCC project.
#
# To rebuild project do "make clean" then "make all".
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# List any extra directories to look for include files here.
#     Each directory must be seperated by a space.
#     Use forward slashes for directory separators.
#     For a directory that has spaces, enclose it in quotes.
EXTRAINCDIRS =

# Compiler flag to set the C Standard level.
#     c89   = "ANSI" C
#     gnu89 = c89 plus GCC extensions
#     c99   = ISO C99 standard (not yet fully implemented)
#     gnu99 = c99 plus GCC extensions
CSTANDARD = -std=gnu99

# Place -D or -U options here
CDEFS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)UL

# Place -I options here
CINCS =

#---------------- Compiler Options ----------------
#  -g*:          generate debugging information
#  -O*:          optimization level
#  -f...:        tuning, see GCC manual and avr-libc documentation
#  -Wall...:     warning level
#  -Wa,...:      tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
#    -adhlns...: create assembler listing
CFLAGS = -g$(DEBUG)
CFLAGS += $(CDEFS) $(CINCS)
CFLAGS += -O$(OPT)
CFLAGS += -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fpack-struct -fshort-enums
CFLAGS += -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes
CFLAGS += -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:.c=.lst)
CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%,$(EXTRAINCDIRS))
CFLAGS += $(CSTANDARD)

#---------------- Assembler Options ----------------
#  -Wa,...:   tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
#  -ahlms:    create listing
#  -gstabs:   have the assembler create line number information; note that
#             for use in COFF files, additional information about filenames
#             and function names needs to be present in the assembler source
#             files -- see avr-libc docs [FIXME: not yet described there]
ASFLAGS = -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:.S=.lst),-gstabs

#---------------- Library Options ----------------
# Minimalistic printf version
PRINTF_LIB_MIN = -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_min

# Floating point printf version (requires MATH_LIB = -lm below)
PRINTF_LIB_FLOAT = -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt

# If this is left blank, then it will use the Standard printf version.
PRINTF_LIB =
#PRINTF_LIB = $(PRINTF_LIB_MIN)
#PRINTF_LIB = $(PRINTF_LIB_FLOAT)

# Minimalistic scanf version
SCANF_LIB_MIN = -Wl,-u,vfscanf -lscanf_min

# Floating point + %[ scanf version (requires MATH_LIB = -lm below)
SCANF_LIB_FLOAT = -Wl,-u,vfscanf -lscanf_flt

# If this is left blank, then it will use the Standard scanf version.
SCANF_LIB =
#SCANF_LIB = $(SCANF_LIB_MIN)
#SCANF_LIB = $(SCANF_LIB_FLOAT)

MATH_LIB = -lm

#---------------- External Memory Options ----------------

# 64 KB of external RAM, starting after internal RAM (ATmega128!),
# used for variables (.data/.bss) and heap (malloc()).
#EXTMEMOPTS = -Wl,-Tdata=0x801100,--defsym=__heap_end=0x80ffff

# 64 KB of external RAM, starting after internal RAM (ATmega128!),
# only used for heap (malloc()).
#EXTMEMOPTS = -Wl,--defsym=__heap_start=0x801100,--defsym=__heap_end=0x80ffff

EXTMEMOPTS =

#---------------- Linker Options ----------------
#  -Wl,...:     tell GCC to pass this to linker.
#    -Map:      create map file
#    --cref:    add cross reference to  map file
LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map=$(TARGET).map,--cref
LDFLAGS += $(EXTMEMOPTS)
LDFLAGS += $(PRINTF_LIB) $(SCANF_LIB) $(MATH_LIB)

#---------------- Programming Options (avrdude) ----------------

# Programming hardware: alf avr910 avrisp bascom bsd
# dt006 pavr picoweb pony-stk200 sp12 stk200 stk500
#
# Type: avrdude -c ?
# to get a full listing.
#
AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER = stk500

# com1 = serial port. Use lpt1 to connect to parallel port.
AVRDUDE_PORT = com1    # programmer connected to serial device

AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH = -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
#AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM = -U eeprom:w:$(TARGET).eep

# Uncomment the following if you want avrdude's erase cycle counter.
# Note that this counter needs to be initialized first using -Yn,
# see avrdude manual.
#AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER = -y

# Uncomment the following if you do /not/ wish a verification to be
# performed after programming the device.
#AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY = -V

# Increase verbosity level.  Please use this when submitting bug
# reports about avrdude. See <http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/avrdude>
# to submit bug reports.
#AVRDUDE_VERBOSE = -v -v

AVRDUDE_FLAGS = -p $(MCU) -P $(AVRDUDE_PORT) -c $(AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER)
AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY)
AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_VERBOSE)
AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER)

#---------------- Debugging Options ----------------

# For simulavr only - target MCU frequency.
DEBUG_MFREQ = $(F_CPU)

# Set the DEBUG_UI to either gdb or insight.
# DEBUG_UI = gdb
DEBUG_UI = insight

# Set the debugging back-end to either avarice, simulavr.
DEBUG_BACKEND = avarice
#DEBUG_BACKEND = simulavr

# GDB Init Filename.
GDBINIT_FILE = __avr_gdbinit

# When using avarice settings for the JTAG
JTAG_DEV = /dev/com1

# Debugging port used to communicate between GDB / avarice / simulavr.
DEBUG_PORT = 4242

# Debugging host used to communicate between GDB / avarice / simulavr, normally
#     just set to localhost unless doing some sort of crazy debugging when
#     avarice is running on a different computer.
DEBUG_HOST = localhost

#============================================================================

# Define programs and commands.
SHELL = sh
CC = avr-gcc
OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
SIZE = avr-size
NM = avr-nm
AVRDUDE = avrdude
REMOVE = rm -f
COPY = cp
WINSHELL = cmd

# Define Messages
# English
MSG_ERRORS_NONE = Errors: none
MSG_BEGIN = -------- begin --------
MSG_END = --------  end  --------
MSG_SIZE_BEFORE = Size before:
MSG_SIZE_AFTER = Size after:
MSG_COFF = Converting to AVR COFF:
MSG_EXTENDED_COFF = Converting to AVR Extended COFF:
MSG_FLASH = Creating load file for Flash:
MSG_EEPROM = Creating load file for EEPROM:
MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING = Creating Extended Listing:
MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE = Creating Symbol Table:
MSG_LINKING = Linking:
MSG_COMPILING = Compiling:
MSG_ASSEMBLING = Assembling:
MSG_CLEANING = Cleaning project:

# Define all object files.
OBJ = $(SRC:.c=.o) $(ASRC:.S=.o)

# Define all listing files.
LST = $(SRC:.c=.lst) $(ASRC:.S=.lst)

# Compiler flags to generate dependency files.
GENDEPFLAGS = -MD -MP -MF .dep/$(@F).d

# Combine all necessary flags and optional flags.
# Add target processor to flags.
ALL_CFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(GENDEPFLAGS)
ALL_ASFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. -x assembler-with-cpp $(ASFLAGS)

# Default target.
all: begin gccversion sizebefore build sizeafter end

build: elf hex eep lss sym

elf: $(TARGET).elf
hex: $(TARGET).hex
eep: $(TARGET).eep
lss: $(TARGET).lss
sym: $(TARGET).sym

# Eye candy.
# AVR Studio 3.x does not check make's exit code but relies on
# the following magic strings to be generated by the compile job.
begin:
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_BEGIN)

end:
 @echo $(MSG_END)
 @echo

# Display size of file.
HEXSIZE = $(SIZE) --target=$(FORMAT) $(TARGET).hex
ELFSIZE = $(SIZE) -A $(TARGET).elf
AVRMEM = avr-mem.sh $(TARGET).elf $(MCU)

sizebefore:
 @if test -f $(TARGET).elf; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_BEFORE); $(ELFSIZE); \
 $(AVRMEM) 2>/dev/null; echo; fi

sizeafter:
 @if test -f $(TARGET).elf; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_AFTER); $(ELFSIZE); \
 $(AVRMEM) 2>/dev/null; echo; fi

# Display compiler version information.
gccversion :
 @$(CC) --version

# Program the device. 
program: $(TARGET).hex $(TARGET).eep
 $(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_FLAGS) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM)

# Generate avr-gdb config/init file which does the following:
#     define the reset signal, load the target file, connect to target, and set
#     a breakpoint at main().
gdb-config:
 @$(REMOVE) $(GDBINIT_FILE)
 @echo define reset >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
 @echo SIGNAL SIGHUP >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
 @echo end >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
 @echo file $(TARGET).elf >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
 @echo target remote $(DEBUG_HOST):$(DEBUG_PORT)  >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
ifeq ($(DEBUG_BACKEND),simulavr)
 @echo load  >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
endif 
 @echo break main >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
 
debug: gdb-config $(TARGET).elf
ifeq ($(DEBUG_BACKEND), avarice)
 @echo Starting AVaRICE - Press enter when "waiting to connect" message displays.
 @$(WINSHELL) /c start avarice --jtag $(JTAG_DEV) --erase --program --file \
 $(TARGET).elf $(DEBUG_HOST):$(DEBUG_PORT)
 @$(WINSHELL) /c pause
 
else
 @$(WINSHELL) /c start simulavr --gdbserver --device $(MCU) --clock-freq \
 $(DEBUG_MFREQ) --port $(DEBUG_PORT)
endif
 @$(WINSHELL) /c start avr-$(DEBUG_UI) --command=$(GDBINIT_FILE)

# Convert ELF to COFF for use in debugging / simulating in AVR Studio or VMLAB.
COFFCONVERT=$(OBJCOPY) --debugging \
--change-section-address .data-0x800000 \
--change-section-address .bss-0x800000 \
--change-section-address .noinit-0x800000 \
--change-section-address .eeprom-0x810000

coff: $(TARGET).elf
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_COFF) $(TARGET).cof
 $(COFFCONVERT) -O coff-avr $< $(TARGET).cof

extcoff: $(TARGET).elf
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_COFF) $(TARGET).cof
 $(COFFCONVERT) -O coff-ext-avr $< $(TARGET).cof

# Create final output files (.hex, .eep) from ELF output file.
%.hex: %.elf
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_FLASH) $@
 $(OBJCOPY) -O $(FORMAT) -R .eeprom $< $@

%.eep: %.elf
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_EEPROM) $@
 -$(OBJCOPY) -j .eeprom --set-section-flags=.eeprom="alloc,load" \
 --change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O $(FORMAT) $< $@

# Create extended listing file from ELF output file.
%.lss: %.elf
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING) $@
 $(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@

# Create a symbol table from ELF output file.
%.sym: %.elf
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE) $@
 $(NM) -n $< > $@

# Link: create ELF output file from object files.
.SECONDARY : $(TARGET).elf
.PRECIOUS : $(OBJ)
%.elf: $(OBJ)
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_LINKING) $@
 $(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $^ --output $@ $(LDFLAGS)

# Compile: create object files from C source files.
%.o : %.c
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_COMPILING) $<
 $(CC) -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@

# Compile: create assembler files from C source files.
%.s : %.c
 $(CC) -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@

# Assemble: create object files from assembler source files.
%.o : %.S
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_ASSEMBLING) $<
 $(CC) -c $(ALL_ASFLAGS) $< -o $@

# Create preprocessed source for use in sending a bug report.
%.i : %.c
 $(CC) -E -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

# Target: clean project.
clean: begin clean_list end

clean_list :
 @echo
 @echo $(MSG_CLEANING)
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).hex
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).eep
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).cof
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).elf
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).map
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).sym
 $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).lss
 $(REMOVE) $(OBJ)
 $(REMOVE) $(LST)
 $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.s)
 $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.d)
 $(REMOVE) .dep/*

# Include the dependency files.
-include $(shell mkdir .dep 2>/dev/null) $(wildcard .dep/*)

# Listing of phony targets.
.PHONY : all begin finish end sizebefore sizeafter gccversion \
build elf hex eep lss sym coff extcoff \
clean clean_list program debug gdb-config

 

转载请注明出处。作者：四极管。广西师范大学 电子工程学院大学生科技创新基地 邮箱： [email protected]。