Excel通用读取模块
由于平时经常需要处理读取Excel,所以写了这样一个小模块来处理读取Excel...
关于写出Excel的功能，以后再写一个通用的。
更新：针对数字转字符串增加转换，对15位以下数据有效，超过15位的本身就已经错误了..读取的值和Excel是对应的。
例如：13909909909123123写到Excel就成了13909909909123100，读取的也是13909909909123100
一共有3个文件，分别为：
ColT.java 对单元格列的类型定义
ExcelObj.java 将Excel读取到简单类,该类必须继承
ExcelRead.java 读取Excel的类
源码：
Colt.java
package com.liuzh.excel;
/**
* 单元格可用类型
* @author Liuzh
*
*/
public class ColT {
/**不对列进行类型转换*/
public static final int NO = 0;
/**字符串类型*/
public static final int cSTRING = 1;
/**整型*/
public static final int cINT=2;
/**单精度浮点*/
public static final int cFlOAT=3;
/**双精度浮点*/
public static final int cDOUBLE=4;
/**日期类型*/
public static final int cDATE=5;
/**长整型*/
public static final int cLONG=6;
/**代码值,使用该类型需要设置codeType*/
public static final int cCode=7;
}
ExcelObj.java
package com.liuzh.excel;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* 基础类,使用此功能的类需要继承该类
* @author Liuzh
*
*/
public abstract class ExcelObj {
private String errMsg;
public String getErrMsg() {
return errMsg;
}
public void setErrMsg(String errMsg) {
this.errMsg = errMsg;
}
/**
* 通过属性名设置属性值
* @param name
* @param value
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void putValue(String name,Object value){
Class c = this.getClass();
Class v = value.getClass();
try{
Method m = c.getMethod("set"+name, new Class[]{v});
m.invoke(this, new Object[]{value});
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 返回属性名对应的值
* @param name
* @return 属性名对应的值
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public Object outValue(String name){
Class c = this.getClass();
Object o =null;
try{
Method m = c.getMethod("get"+name, new Class[]{});
o = m.invoke(this, new Object[]{});
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return o;
}
}
ExcelRead.java
package com.liuzh.excel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
/**
* 获取excel内容
* @author Liuzh
*
*/
public class ExcelRead {
/**列名*/
private String[] colnumName;
/**列类型*/
private Integer[] colnumType;
/**代码KV*/
private HashMap<String,Object> codeType;
/**写入到的Object类型,该方法必须继承ExcelObj才可以使用*/
private ExcelObj DTO;
public ExcelObj getDTO() {
return DTO;
}
public void setDTO(ExcelObj dto) {
DTO = dto;
}
public String[] getColnumName() {
return colnumName;
}
public void setColnumName(String[] colnumName) {
this.colnumName = colnumName;
}
public Integer[] getColnumType() {
return colnumType;
}
public void setColnumType(Integer[] colnumType) {
this.colnumType = colnumType;
}
public HashMap<String, Object> getCodeType() {
return codeType;
}
public void setCodeType(HashMap<String, Object> codeType) {
this.codeType = codeType;
}
/**
* 获取excel到一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>，从第一个sheet页的第一行开始读取
* 从外到内依次为：sheet页,行,单元格
* @param file 要读取的文件
* @return 返回一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
public List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>> getExcel(File file) throws Exception {
return getExcel(file,0,0);
}
/**
* 获取excel到一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>
* 从外到内依次为：sheet页,行,单元格
* @param file 要读取的文件
* @param snum 读取那个sheet页,从0算起
* @param rnum 从那行开始读取,从0算起
* @return 返回一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public List<List<HashMap<String, Object>>> getExcel(File file,int snum,int rnum) throws Exception {
List<List<HashMap<String, Object>>> list = new ArrayList<List<HashMap<String, Object>>>();
Object localObject = null;
// 传入路径
FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
HSSFWorkbook wbs = new HSSFWorkbook(is);
HSSFSheet childSheet = wbs.getSheetAt(snum);
for (int j = rnum; j <= childSheet.getLastRowNum(); j++) {
//读取行元素
List<HashMap<String, Object>> listrow = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>();
HSSFRow row = childSheet.getRow(j);
if (null != row) {
HashMap<String, Object> cellv = null;
for (int k = 0; k < row.getLastCellNum(); k++) {
//读取单元格
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short) k);
cellv = new HashMap<String, Object>();
if(cell == null){
cellv.put(colnumName[k], null);
listrow.add(cellv);
continue;
}
else{
// 判断获取类型
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
localObject = cell.getNumericCellValue();
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
localObject = cell.getStringCellValue();
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
localObject = new Boolean(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
localObject = "";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
int a = (cell.getCellFormula().indexOf("+") + 1)
+ (cell.getCellFormula().indexOf('/') + 1)
+ (cell.getCellFormula().indexOf('*') + 1)
+ (cell.getCellFormula().indexOf('-') + 1);
if (a <= 0){
localObject = cell.getCellFormula();
}
else if (a > 0){
localObject = cell.getNumericCellValue();
}
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
localObject = new Byte(cell.getErrorCellValue());
break;
default:
System.out.println("未知类型");
break;
}
try {
//限制类型的时候,做下面的类型强制转换
if(colnumType!=null){
localObject = getRightTypeValue(localObject, k);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
cellv.put("ErrMsg", e.getMessage());
listrow.add(cellv);
continue;
}
cellv.put(colnumName[k], localObject);
}
listrow.add(cellv);
}
list.add(listrow);
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* 获取excel到一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>
* @param filepath Excel文件路径
* @return 返回一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
public List<List<HashMap<String, Object>>> getExcel(String filepath) throws Exception {
File file = new File(filepath);
return getExcel(file,0,0);
}
/**
* 获取excel到一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>
* @param filepath Excel文件路径
* @param snum 读取那个sheet页,从0算起
* @param rnum 从那行开始读取,从0算起
* @return 返回一个List<List<HashMap<String,Object>>>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
public List<List<HashMap<String, Object>>> getExcel(String filepath,int snum,int rnum) throws Exception {
File file = new File(filepath);
return getExcel(file,snum,rnum);
}
/**
* 读取到excel到List<Object>从第一个sheet页的第一行开始读取
* @param file 要读取的文件
* @return 返回一个List<Object>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
public List<Object> getExcelObj(File file) throws Exception{
return getExcelObj(file,0,0);
}
/**
* 读取到excel到List<Object>
* @param file 要读取的文件
* @param snum 读取那个sheet页,从0算起
* @param runm 从那行开始读取,从0算起
* @return 返回一个List<Object>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public List<Object> getExcelObj(File file,int snum,int runm) throws Exception{
List<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
Class c = DTO.getClass();
ExcelObj dto = null;
List<List<HashMap<String, Object>>> exceldata = getExcel(file,snum,runm);
if(exceldata!=null){
for(List<HashMap<String, Object>> lista:exceldata){
dto = (ExcelObj)c.newInstance();
dto.putValue("ErrMsg","");
for(int iii=0;iii<lista.size();iii++){
HashMap<String, Object> hm = lista.get(iii);
if(hm.get(colnumName[iii])!=null){
dto.putValue(colnumName[iii], hm.get(colnumName[iii]));
}
else{
dto.putValue("ErrMsg", dto.outValue("ErrMsg")+"第"+(iii+1)+"列存在为空的值;");
continue;
}
}
list.add(dto);
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* 读取到excel到List<Object>
* @param filepath Excel文件路径
* @return 返回一个List<Object>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
public List<Object> getExcelObj(String filepath) throws Exception{
File file = new File(filepath);
return getExcelObj(file,0,0);
}
/**
* 读取到excel到List<Object>
* @param filepath Excel文件路径
* @param snum
* @param runm
* @return 返回一个List<Object>对象
* @throws Exception
*/
public List<Object> getExcelObj(String filepath,int snum,int runm) throws Exception{
File file = new File(filepath);
return getExcelObj(file,snum,runm);
}
/**
* 这里获取的值是输入正确,但是单元格属性设置错误导致类型错误,需要矫正的值
* @param localObject
* @param k
* @return 经过类型矫正的值
* @throws Exception
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private Object getRightTypeValue(Object localObject, int k) throws Exception {
switch(colnumType[k]){
case ColT.NO://不做任何转换
break;
case ColT.cCode:
//需要根据KV转换规则进行转换
Object colType = codeType.get(colnumName[k]);
if(colType!=null){
HashMap<String,Object> colHm = (HashMap<String,Object>)colType;
Object colObj = colHm.get(localObject.toString());
if(colObj==null){
throw new Exception("找不到对应的代码值!");
}
else{
localObject = colObj;
}
}
else{
Object obj = codeType.get(localObject.toString());
if(obj==null){
throw new Exception("找不到对应的代码值!");
}
else{
localObject = obj;
}
}
break;
case ColT.cDATE:
if (!(localObject instanceof Date)) {
if(localObject instanceof String){
//按照格式yyyy-MM-dd转换
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
localObject = sdf.parse(localObject.toString());
}
else if(localObject instanceof Double){
int day = ((Double)localObject).intValue();
Calendar c=Calendar.getInstance();
c.set(1900, 0, 1);
c.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR, day);
localObject = c.getTime();
}
else{
throw new Exception("日期格式错误");
}
}
break;
case ColT.cDOUBLE:
if(!(localObject instanceof Double)){
if(localObject instanceof String){
localObject = Double.parseDouble(localObject.toString());
}
}
break;
case ColT.cFlOAT:
if(localObject instanceof Double){
localObject = ((Double)localObject).floatValue();
}
break;
case ColT.cINT:
if(localObject instanceof Double){
localObject = ((Double)localObject).intValue();
}
break;
case ColT.cLONG:
if(localObject instanceof Double){
localObject = ((Double)localObject).longValue();
}
break;
case ColT.cSTRING:
if(localObject instanceof Double){
java.text.DecimalFormat formatter = new java.text.DecimalFormat( "######## ");
localObject = formatter.format(localObject);
}
else{
localObject = localObject.toString();
}
break;
}
return localObject;
}
}
测试类：
TestObj.java
package com.test;
import java.util.Date;
import com.liuzh.excel.ExcelObj;
public class TestObj extends ExcelObj{
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
private Date birthday;
private String address;
private String email;
private String phone;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return name+","+age+","+email+","+phone+","+address;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
ExcelTest.java
package com.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import com.liuzh.excel.ColT;
import com.liuzh.excel.ExcelRead;
/**
* 测试类
* @author Liuzh
*
*/
public class ExcelTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String[] name = {"Name","Age","Sex","Birthday","Address","Email","Phone"};
Integer[] type={ColT.cSTRING,ColT.cINT,ColT.cCode,ColT.cDATE,ColT.cSTRING,ColT.cSTRING,ColT.cSTRING};
HashMap<String,Object> code = new HashMap<String, Object>();
HashMap<String,Object> codeList = new HashMap<String, Object>();
code.put("1", "男");
code.put("2", "女");
codeList.put("Sex", code);
ExcelRead excel = new ExcelRead();
//存入文件列名,必填项
excel.setColnumName(name);
//文件列名对应类型,可选,不写可能会出现异常
excel.setColnumType(type);
//使用code类型时,必须设置codetype
excel.setCodeType(codeList);
//使用getExcelObj方法必须设置
excel.setDTO(new TestObj());
File file=new File("E:\\info.xls");
//使用第一种方法获取并输出
List<List<HashMap<String, Object>>> exceldata = excel.getExcel(file,0,1);
if(exceldata!=null){
for(List<HashMap<String, Object>> lista:exceldata){
for(int iii=0;iii<lista.size();iii++){
HashMap<String, Object> hm = lista.get(iii);
System.out.print(hm.get(name[iii])+" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
//使用第二种方法直接获取List<Object>
List<Object> list = excel.getExcelObj(file,0,1);
for(Object o:list){
TestObj t = (TestObj)o;
System.out.println("姓名为:"+t.getName()+",性别:"+t.getSex()+",地址为:"+t.getAddress()+",邮箱为:"+t.getEmail());
}
}
}
读取的Excel为（日期类型设置为数值了,所以会这样显示）：
| Name | Age | Sex | Birthday | Address | Phone | |
| 林晚荣 | 20 | 1 | 32502 | 泰山路123号 | [email protected] | 13909909909 |
| 徐长今 | 16 | 2 | 33605 | 朝鲜大饭店 | [email protected] | 13909909910 |
还有第三行：只在phone的地方有数据。
输出结果
林晚荣 20 男 Tue Dec 27 11:32:02 CST 1988 泰山路123号 [email protected] 1.3909909909E10
徐长今 16 女 Sat Jan 04 11:32:02 CST 1992 朝鲜大饭店 [email protected] 1.390990991E10
null null null null null null 1.3909909911E10
姓名为:林晚荣,性别:男,地址为:泰山路123号,邮箱为:[email protected]
姓名为:徐长今,性别:女,地址为:朝鲜大饭店,邮箱为:[email protected]
姓名为:null,性别:null,地址为:null,邮箱为:null