Ubuntu12.04搭建自有源
其实，这个工作比较简单，主要两步：apt-mirror和apache。(这里的系统是ubuntu12.04)
1、apt-mirror
1.1 安装
一如既往地简单，直接sudo apt-get install apt-mirror即可。
1.2 配置apt-mirror
$ sudo vim /etc/apt/mirror.list
############# config ################## # # set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror # # set mirror_path $base_path/mirror # set skel_path $base_path/skel # set var_path $base_path/var # set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh # set defaultarch <running host architecture> # set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh # set run_postmirror 0 set nthreads 20 set _tilde 0 # ############# end config ############## deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse #deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse #deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse #deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse #deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu将其修改为对自己比较快的源(这里用ustc的)：
############ config ################## # #set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror # #set mirror_path $base_path/mirror #set skel_path $base_path/skel #set var_path $base_path/var #set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh #set defaultarch <running host architecture> #set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh #set run_postmirror 0 set nthreads 20 set _tilde 0 # ############# end config ############## #precise 64bit Mirror deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-amd64 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse #precise 32bit Mirror deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-i386 http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse clean http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu
1.3 apt-mirror同步源
用sudo apt-mirror命令开始同步源即可。
$ sudo apt-mirror Downloading 140 index files using 20 threads... Begin time: Fri Nov 1 17:23:49 2013 [20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... End time: Fri Nov 1 17:23:49 2013 Proceed indexes: [SSSSSPPPPP] 93.0 GiB will be downloaded into archive. Downloading 85303 archive files using 20 threads... Begin time: Fri Nov 1 17:23:55 2013 [20]...
这里，要注意，有时候会碰到“No such file apt-mirror: can't open index in proceed_index_gz at /usr/bin/apt-mirror line 445.”这样的错误，折腾了我一个下午。原因不怎么清楚，不过，貌似按照上面我的流程做，至少可以避免这个错误。具体原因，难道和我配置文件中没去掉注释有关系，总之，稍诡异。
最后完成后的输出如下：
$ sudo apt-mirror Downloading 140 index files using 20 threads... Begin time: Fri Nov 1 17:23:49 2013 [20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... End time: Fri Nov 1 17:23:49 2013 Proceed indexes: [SSSSSPPPPP] 93.0 GiB will be downloaded into archive. Downloading 85303 archive files using 20 threads... Begin time: Fri Nov 1 17:23:55 2013 [20]... [19]... [18]... [17]... [16]... [15]... [14]... [13]... [12]... [11]... [10]... [9]... [8]... [7]... [6]... [5]... [4]... [3]... [2]... [1]... [0]... End time: Fri Nov 1 18:12:35 2013 0.0 bytes in 0 files and 0 directories can be freed. Run /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/clean.sh for this purpose. Running the Post Mirror script ... (/var/spool/apt-mirror/var/postmirror.sh) Post Mirror script has completed. See above output for any possible errors.
1.4 设置源自动更新
修改 /etc/cron.d/apt-mirror 取消掉被注释了的命令即可。这样系统会在指定的时间（默认是本地凌晨4点）自动开始同步。
2、apache2
2.1 安装
sudo apt-get install apache2
2.2 配置
apache2的配置，这里就不班门弄斧了。反正我是直接在网上搜的帖子，方法很简单。
(1) 进入/var/www目录 cd /var/www (2) 创建一个指向apt-mirror的mirror存放路径的软链接，这里命名为ubuntu $ ln -s /var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu ubuntu
到这里，去查看下apache是否已经启动。实际上，apache2启动后回去找/etc/apache2/sites-enabled下面去找000-default（而一般情况下000-default是一个指向/etc/apache2/sites-available/目录下的default文件的一个链接）。通过查看这个文件，可以找到apache2的端口配置和默认目录。
<VirtualHost *:8087>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
AllowOverride None
Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
<Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>通过上面的配置文件，可以看到这里apache2的端口是在8087，默认的root目录是在/var/www（因为之前已经在www目录下面创建了一个指向Ubuntu源目录的链接）。所以，现在直接在浏览器地址栏输入“202.xxx.xxx.xxx:8087/ubuntu”来访问该源目录了。
3、使用源
为了使用该源之需要修改/etc/apt/source.list文件:
比如原来用的是ustc的源，source.list文件如下： deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse 现在想改成，我们刚刚搭建好的源，只需在vim中用一个命令":%s/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/202.xxx.xxx.xxx/g"，即可将source.list修改为如下： deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://202.xxx.xxx.xxx/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse然后，sudo apt-get update就可以看到，我们搭建的似有源的确已经生效了，速度飞快。
