SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate的小例子

Strusts2+Spring+Hibernate虽然是主流的WEB开发框架，但是SpringMVC有越来越多的人使用了，确实也非常好用，用得爽！

这里实现了一个SpringMVC+Spring+Hibernate的小例子。注释都在代码里面。

项目各包的结构如下图：

1， 首先是pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.miquan</groupId>
	<artifactId>springmvc_spring_hibernate</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>springmvc_spring_hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- expectj -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.4.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- junit -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.11</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- spring -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.ws</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-ws-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- hibernate -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>4.3.6.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- dbcp -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- MYSQL -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.18</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<finalName>springmvc_spring_hibernate</finalName>
	</build>
</project>

2， web.xml配置好SpringMVC和Spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

	<!-- Spring配置。（必须配，要不会找不到bean） -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>

	<!-- spring mvc （系统在启动的时候会根据springmvc-servlet中的配置找到所有的controller并初始化）-->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern><!-- 这里不能加* -->
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3， SpringMVC的配置——springmvc-servlet.xml（注意命名，对应servlet中的springmvc，命名规则： [<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"
        >
        
    <!-- 存在controller的包。注意这里写的是包名，不是类名 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.miquan.controller"/>
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	
	<!-- 静态文件 -->
	<mvc:resources location="/res/" mapping="/res/**"></mvc:resources>
	
	<!-- 跳转文件的前后缀 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

4， spring的配置——applicationContext.xml默认是这个名字，并且系统会到WEB-INF目录下找这个文件。需要自定义名称和目录的自己百度一下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop  
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd  
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

	<!-- 自动扫面注解包 -->
	<context:annotation-config />
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.miquan.*" />

	<!-- 数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssh" />
		<property name="username" value="root" />
		<property name="password" value="root" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置sessionFactory -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.miquan.model" /><!-- 实体类的包 -->
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<!-- 会自动创表，但是不会自动创建数据库，所以要先手动创建数据库。 -->
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 用于注入到GeneralDao中 -->
	<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置事务管理 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 开启事务管理注解 -->
	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
	<tx:annotation-driven />

</beans>

5， 实体类。

package com.miquan.model;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;import java.io.Serializable;

@Entity
@Table
public class User impements Serializable {
	private int id;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	
	public User() {
		super();
	}
	public User(int id, String username, String password) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.username = username;
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password="
				+ password + "]";
	}
}

6， controller层。

package com.miquan.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.miquan.model.User;
import com.miquan.service.IUserService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/user")
public class UserController {
	/**
	 * 注入userService。
	 * 如果userService继承了某个接口，
	 * 这里类型必须是接口IUserService，
	 * 不能是类UserService，不知道为什么。
	 */
	@Autowired
	private IUserService userService;
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/registe", method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String registe() {
		User user = new User(0, "小马云", "999");
		userService.registe(user);
		return "index";
	}
}

7， service层。

package com.miquan.service;

import com.miquan.model.User;

public interface IUserService {

	public boolean registe(User user);

}

package com.miquan.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.miquan.dao.IGeneralDao;
import com.miquan.model.User;

@Service
public class UserService implements IUserService {
	@Autowired
	private IGeneralDao generalDao;
	
	/* 
	 * 这里要有事务注解，默认readOnly=true,不设置的话会报错。
	 * insert和update操作都要。
	 */
	@Transactional(readOnly=false)
	public boolean registe(User user) {
		generalDao.save(user);
		return false;
	}
}

8， dao层。

package com.miquan.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

public interface IGeneralDao {
	public <T> T findById(Class<T> type, Serializable id);  
	  
    public <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> type);  
  
    public void save(Object... entities);  
  
    public void update(Object... entities);  
  
    public void saveOrUpdate(Object entity);  
  
    public void delete(Object... entities);  
  
    public void deleteById(Class<?> type, Serializable id);  
  
    public void refresh(Object... entities);  
  
    public void flush();
}

package com.miquan.dao;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

/**
 * 这个类将dao成封装成了一个操作类，从网上复制过来的。
 */
@Repository
public class GeneralDao implements IGeneralDao {
	/**
	 * 这个bean里面需要注入sessionFactory，所以把这个bean写在了配置中。
	 */
	@Autowired
	private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

	public <T> T findById(Class<T> type, Serializable id) {
		return hibernateTemplate.get(type, id);
	}

	public <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> type) {
		return hibernateTemplate.loadAll(type);
	}

	public void save(Object... entities) {
		for (Object entity : entities) {
			hibernateTemplate.save(entity);
		}
	}

	public void saveOrUpdate(Object entity) {
		hibernateTemplate.saveOrUpdate(entity);
	}

	public void update(Object... entities) {
		for (Object entity : entities) {
			hibernateTemplate.update(entity);
		}
	}

	public void delete(Object... entities) {
		for (Object entity : entities) {
			if (entity != null) {
				hibernateTemplate.delete(entity);
			}
		}
	}

	public void deleteById(Class<?> type, Serializable id) {
		if (id == null) {
			return;
		}
		Object entity = findById(type, id);
		if (entity == null) {
			return;
		}
		delete(entity);
	}

	public void refresh(Object... entities) {
		for (Object entity : entities) {
			hibernateTemplate.refresh(entity);
		}
	}

	public void flush() {
		hibernateTemplate.flush();
	}
}

9， 测试。

package com.miquan.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

import com.miquan.controller.UserController;

public class UserServiceTest {
	@Test
	public void test() {
		ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
				"src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml");
		UserController controller = ctx.getBean(UserController.class);
		controller.registe();
	}
}

或者部署在tomcat上，在浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/xx项目/user/registe。