【翻译自mos文章】在不同操作系统下的UNIX命令

翻译自：Unix Commands on Different OS's (文档 ID 293561.1) Unix Commands on Different OS's General Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 Unique host ID hostid   uname -i hostid hostid hostid Administrator smit   sam linuxconf admintool sysman Performance monitor top  monitor top top  glance top top top System activity reporter sar sa sar sar {sysstat} sar /usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar Virtual Memory statistics vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat vmstat I/O statistics iostat iostat iostat iostat {sysstat} iostat iostat Error logs alog -o -t boot  errpt dmesg dmesg dmesg  dmesg uerf -R -o full Physical RAM 1TB   4TB 64 GB {>2.3.24} 16TB 4TB Shared Memory 2.75GB   8TB sysctl kernel.shmmax     Process Data Space 2GB   4GB 900 MB     Swap device /dev/hd6 /dev/ad0s1b /dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/sda2 /dev/vx/dsk/swapvol /dev/rz0b Swap file type /etc/swapspaces swap swap partition type 82  swap raw Display swap size lsps -a swapinfo swapinfo -a free swap -l swapon -s Activate Swap swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swapon -a swap -a swapon -a TCP/IP AIX   HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 Network IP configuration lsattr -E -l inet0 /etc/rc.conf /etc/rc.config.d/netconf /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/  /etc/hostname.*  /etc/inet/*  /etc/defaultrouter /etc/rc.config Hosts IP addresses /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/hosts /etc/inet/hosts /etc/hosts Name service switch /etc/netsvc.conf /etc/host.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/svc.conf Network parameters no -a sysctl ndd -h sysctl -a | grep net ndd /dev/[tcp|ip] ?   Routing daemon gated routed gated routed in.routed routed NIC Configurations ifconfig -a ifconfig -a lanscan -v ifconfig -a ifconfig -a ifconfig -a Secondary IP Address ifconfig en0 alias IP  ifconfig xl0 alias IP ifconfig lan0:1 IP  modprobe ip_alias  ifconfig eth0:1 IP ifconfig hme0:1 IP up ifconfig ln0 alias Login prompt HERALD @  /etc/security/login.cfg    telnetd -b /etc/issue  /etc/issue BANNER @  /etc/default/telnetd /etc/issue Increase the # of pseudo-terminals odmget -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" PdAt | sed "s/0-64/0-512/" |  odmchange -q "attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty" -o PdAt chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -P reboot   rebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=#   NSTRPY=# reboot insf -d ptys -n #  insf -d ptym -n #  insf -d pts -s # -e -v    cd /dev  ./MAKEDEV -v pty {/etc/system}  set pt_cnt = #   {SYSV}  set npty = #      {BSD} {/etc/iu.ap}  ptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompat halt  boot -r cd /dev  ./MAKEDEV PTY_1 Maximum # of ptys 512   {MAXUSERS} 256 176                {BSD}  3000              {SYSV} 8192 Remote Shell remsh  rsh rsh remsh rsh rsh rsh YP/NIS service binder /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind  /usr/sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind  /sbin/ypbind /usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind /usr/sbin/ypbind System Files AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 NFS exported /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/exports /etc/dfs/dfstab  /etc/dfs/sharetab /etc/exports NFS Client mounted directories /etc/xtab   /etc/xtab /var/lib/nfs/xtab /etc/rmtab /var/adm/mountdtab Max File System 128 GB   128 GB 2 TB  1 TB 8000 TB {vxfs} 128 GB {<= 3.2G}  512 GB {>= 4.0}  16 TB {advfs} Max File Size 64 GB   128 GB 2 GB     {512B block size}   8192 GB  {8KB block size}  1 TB 2 GB {=<2.5.1} 128 GB {<= 3.2G}  512 GB {>= 4.0}  16 TB {advfs} Max # File Descriptors 64 K   60~ K sysctl fs.file-max 64 K 64 K DISK/LVM Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX:Disk &Filesystem LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Filesystem table /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/fstab /etc/vfstab /etc/fstab Free disk blocks df -k df -k bdf df -k df -k df -k Device listing lsdev -C   /sbin/ioscan cat /proc/devices sysdef   Disk information bootinfo -s hdisk#  fdisk -v ad0 diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d# cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/model format -d c#t#d#  format>current  format>inquiry file /dev/rrz0c Disk Label lspv -l hdisk# disklabel ad0 pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d# fdisk -l prtvtoc disklabel -p rz0 LVM Concepts Partition  sub disk logical extents logical extents sub disk sub disk   Volume Volume logical volume logical volume Volume Volume     Plex     Plex Plex   Volume group   volume group volume group disk group disk group Journal Filesystem type jfs   vxfs ext3 reiserfs vxfs advfs Default volume group /dev/rootvg   /dev/vg00   /dev/vx/dsk/rootdg /dev/vol/rootdg Display volume group lsvg -l rootvg   vgdisplay -v vg00 vgdisplay -v vxprint -l -g rootdg volprint -l -g rootdg Modify physical volume chpv   pvchange pvchange     Prepare physical disk mkdev -c disk -l hdisk#   pvcreate pvcreate vxdiskadd voldiskadd List physical volume lspv vinum ld pvdisplay pvdisplay vxprint -dl volprint -dl Remove disk from volume group reducevg   vgreduce vgreduce vxdg rmdisk voldg rmdisk Move logical volumes to another physical volumes migratepv vinum move -f drive object pvmove pvmove vxassist move volassist move Create volume group mkvg   vgcreate vgcreate vxdg init voldg init Remove volume group     vgremove vgremove     Volume group availability chvg  varyonvg  varyoffvg   vgchange vgchange     Restore volume group     vgcfgrestore vgcfgrestore     Exports volume group exportvg   vgexport vgexport vxdg deport voldg deport Imports volume group importvg   vgimport vgimport vxdg import voldg import Volume group listing lsvg   vgscan vgscan     Change logical volume characteristics  chlv   lvchange lvchange  vxedit set voledit set List logical volume lslv vinum lv lvdisplay lvdisplay vxprint -vl volprint -vl Make logical volume mklv   lvcreate lvcreate vxassist make volassist make Extend logical volume extendlv   lvextend lvextend vxassist growto volassist growto Reduce logical volume AIX reduce LV   lvreduce lvreduce vxassist shrinkto volassist shrinkto Remove logical volume rmlv vinum rm vol lvremove lvremove vxedit rm voledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1 Prepare boot volumes bootlist -m normal   lvlnboot lilo vxbootsetup   Remove boot volumes     lvrmboot       Extend File system chfs -a size=# /mt   extendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8  fsadm -F vxfs -b {LE * 1024} /mt resize2fs resize_reiserfs vxva  mkfs -M   Reduce/Split mirrors rmlvcopy   lvsplit lvsplit     Merge mirrors     lvmerge lvmerge     Create mirrors mklv -c 2 vinum mirror drive lvcreate -m 1   vxassist mirror volassist make vol 100mb mirror=true Add mirrors mklvcopy lv 2    lvextend -m 1       Create striped volumes mklv -u 3 -S 64K vinum stripe drive lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 lvcreate -i 3 -I 64 vxassist make vol 100mb layout=raid5 volassist make vol 100mb layout=stripe System recovery tape mksysb -i /dev/rmt0   /opt/ignite/bin/make_recovery     /usr/sys/bin/btcreate Backup savevg -i rootvg vinum saveconfig fbackup tar cvf /dev/rst0 / ufsdump vdump Restore restvg    frecover tar xvf /dev/rst0  ufsrestore vrestore MISC AIX FreeBSD HP-UX LINUX(RedHat) SOLARIS Tru64 Startup script /etc/rc /etc/rc /sbin/rc /etc/rc.d/rc /etc/init.d /sbin/init.d Kernel /usr/lib/boot/unix_up /kernel /stand/vmunix /boot/vmlinuz /kernel/genunix /vmunix Kernel Parameters lsattr -E -l sys0 sysctl -a sysdef  kmtune  kmsystem sysctl -a sysdef -i sysconfig  dxkerneltuner Reconfigure the kernel chdev -l sys0 -a  cd /sys/i386/conf  vi KERNEL  config KERNEL  cd ../../compile/KERNEL make depend  make  make install cd /stand/build  /usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s system  vi system  mk_kernel -s system  cd /stand  mv system system.prev  mv vmunix vmunix.prev  mv dlkm dlkm.prev  mv /stand/build/system system kmupdate /stand/build/vmunix_test cd /usr/src/linux   make mrproper   make menuconfig   make dep   make clean   make bzImage  make install  make modules  make modules_install cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.2.16  mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.2.16.img 2.2.16  vi /etc/lilo.conf  lilo vi /etc/system  reboot doconfig List modules genkex kldstat kmadmin -s lsmod modinfo   Load module   kldload kmadmin -L insmod modload   Unload module   kldunload kmadmin -U rmmod modunload   Initialize system install_assist /stand/sysinstall set_parms initial netconf sys-unconfig netsetup Physical RAM bootinfo -r sysctl hw.physmem grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log free prtconf uerf | grep memory Kernel Bits bootinfo -K   getconf KERNEL_BITS getconf WORD_BIT isainfo -kv 64 Crash utility crash crash adb lcrash crash kdbx Trace System Calls syscalls truss tusc strace truss trace Machine model uname -m  bootinfo -m uname -m model  uname -m uname -m uname -imp uname -p OS Level oslevel uname -r uname -r uname -r uname -r sizer -v Run Level who -r   who -r runlevel who -r who -r Core dump files /var/adm/ras   /var/adm/crash   /var/crash/`uname -n`   Boot single user Key on service mode/F4  Boot from CD/Tape  Select Maintenance  Limited function Shell ok boot -s >boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -iS {lilo} control-x linux S {grub} c kernel vmlinuz-2.4.9-13 single   ro root=/dev/hda8 initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.img boot ok boot -s >>> boot -fl s Maintenance mode   ok boot -as >boot Interact with IPL ? Y ISL>hpux -lm   ok boot -as   Interrupt Key     control-B   Stop-A control-P Return to console     co   ok go   Timezone Management /etc/environment /etc/profile /etc/localtime /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/sysconfig/clock /etc/TIMEZONE /etc/default/init /etc/svid3_tz timezone NTP Daemon /etc/ntp.conf startsrc -s xntpd /etc/rc.conf {xntpd_enable="YES"} /etc/rc.network /etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons /sbin/init.d/xntpd /etc/ntp.conf /etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd /etc/inet/ntp.conf /etc/init.d/xntpd rcmgr set XNTPD_CONF YES /sbin/init.d/xntpd