本实例根据当前日期获取前后N天或N月的日期。

#!/usr/bin/python
'''''
Filename: "utildate.py"
author:   "zhangsong"
date  :   "2009-03-24"
version:  "1.00"
'''
from time import strftime, localtime
from datetime import timedelta, date
import calendar

year = strftime("%Y",localtime())
mon  = strftime("%m",localtime())
day  = strftime("%d",localtime())
hour = strftime("%H",localtime())
min  = strftime("%M",localtime())
sec  = strftime("%S",localtime())

def today():
    '''''
    get today,date format="YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    return date.today()

def todaystr():
    '''''
    get date string
    date format="YYYYMMDD"
    ''''
    return year+mon+day

def datetime():
    '''''
    get datetime,format="YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS"
    '''
    return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",localtime())

def datetimestr():
    '''''
    get datetime string
    date format="YYYYMMDDHHMMSS"
    '''
    return year+mon+day+hour+min+sec

def getdayofday(n=0):
    '''''
    if n>=0,date is larger than today
    if n<0,date is less than today
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    if(n<0):
        n = abs(n)
        return date.today()-timedelta(days=n)
    else:
        return date.today()+timedelta(days=n)

def getdaysofmonth(year,mon):
    '''''
    get days of month
    '''
    return calendar.monthrange(year, mon)[1]

def getfirstdayofmonth(year,mon):
    '''''
    get the first day of month
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    days="01"
    if(int(mon)<10):
        mon = "0"+str(int(mon))
    arr = (year,mon,days)
    return "-".join("%s" %i for i in arr)

def getlastdayofmonth(year,mon):
    '''''
    get the last day of month
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    days=calendar.monthrange(year, mon)[1]
    mon = addzero(mon)
    arr = (year,mon,days)
    return "-".join("%s" %i for i in arr)

def get_firstday_month(n=0):
    '''''
    get the first day of month from today
    n is how many months
    '''
    (y,m,d) = getyearandmonth(n)
    d = "01"
    arr = (y,m,d)
    return "-".join("%s" %i for i in arr)

def get_lastday_month(n=0):
    '''''
    get the last day of month from today
    n is how many months
    '''
    return "-".join("%s" %i for i in getyearandmonth(n))
 
def get_today_month(n=0):
    '''''
    get last or next month's today
    n is how many months
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    (y,m,d) = getyearandmonth(n)
    arr=(y,m,d)
    if(int(day)<int(d)):
        arr = (y,m,day)
    return "-".join("%s" %i for i in arr)

def getyearandmonth(n=0):
    '''''
    get the year,month,days from today
    befor or after n months
    '''
    thisyear = int(year)
    thismon = int(mon)
    totalmon = thismon+n
    if(n>=0):
        if(totalmon<=12):
            days = str(getdaysofmonth(thisyear,totalmon))
            totalmon = addzero(totalmon)
            return (year,totalmon,days)
        else:
            i = totalmon/12
            j = totalmon%12
            if(j==0):
                i-=1
                j=12
            thisyear += i
            days = str(getdaysofmonth(thisyear,j))
            j = addzero(j)
            return (str(thisyear),str(j),days)
    else:
        if((totalmon>0) and (totalmon<12)):
            days = str(getdaysofmonth(thisyear,totalmon))
            totalmon = addzero(totalmon)
            return (year,totalmon,days)
        else:
            i = totalmon/12
            j = totalmon%12
            if(j==0):
                i-=1
                j=12
            thisyear +=i
            days = str(getdaysofmonth(thisyear,j))
            j = addzero(j)
            return (str(thisyear),str(j),days)

def addzero(n):
    '''''
    add 0 before 0-9
    return 01-09
    '''
    nabs = abs(int(n))
    if(nabs<10):
        return "0"+str(nabs)
    else:
        return nabs

#print today()
#print addzero(10)
print get_today_month(-1)
print get_lastday_month(3)
print get_firstday_month(3)