一.简介
在spring的modules包中提供对许多第三方缓存方案的支持,包括:
EHCache
OSCache(OpenSymphony)
JCS
GigaSpaces
JBoss Cache
等等。
将这些第三方缓存方案配置在spring中很简单,网上有许多介绍,这里只重点介绍如何配置基于注解的缓存配置。
本文将通过例举EHCache和OSCache详细介绍如何使用spring配置基于注解的缓存配置,注意这里的缓存是方法级的。
二.依赖
在开始介绍如何进行缓存配置前先介绍一下EHCache和OSCache的jar依赖。
EHCache:
ehcache-core-1.7.2.jar
jakarta-oro-2.0.8.jar
slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar
slf4j-jdk14-1.5.8.jar
OSCache:
oscache-2.4.1.jar
此外,两者都需要的jar如下:
cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar
commons-logging.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
spring-modules-cache.jar
spring.jar
三.配置
两种缓存在spring配置文件中都可以使用两种配置方式,一种是spring2.0以前的完全基于bean的复杂配置,一种是使用后来的基于命名空间的简单配置,两种配置效果相同,分别介绍如下:
1)普通配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- aop代理,这个是必须地,否则缓存不起作用 -->
<bean id="autoproxy"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
<!-- EhCache 管理工厂 用于指定ehcache配置文件路径 -->
<bean id="cacheManager"
class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml" />
</bean>
<bean id="cacheProviderFacade" class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.ehcache.EhCacheFacade">
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
</bean>
<!-- 1.5+ Annotation 基于注解查找被缓存的业务方法 -->
<bean id="cachingAttributeSource"
class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationCachingAttributeSource"></bean>
<!-- 缓存拦截器:定义了缓存模块,ehcache只需要指定配置文件中的缓存名称 -->
<bean id="cachingInterceptor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.MetadataCachingInterceptor">
<property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
<property name="cachingAttributeSource" ref="cachingAttributeSource" />
<property name="cachingModels">
<props>
<prop key="testCaching">cacheName=testCache</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 基于注解查找缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
<bean id="cachingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.CachingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<constructor-arg ref="cachingInterceptor" />
</bean>
<!-- 基于注解查找触发缓存刷新动作的业务方法 -->
<bean id="flushingAttributeSource"
class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationFlushingAttributeSource"></bean>
<!-- 刷新拦截器:定义了刷新策略,基于那个模块ID,刷新相应的缓存 -->
<bean id="flushingInterceptor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.MetadataFlushingInterceptor">
<property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
<property name="flushingAttributeSource" ref="flushingAttributeSource" />
<property name="flushingModels">
<map>
<entry key="testFlushing">
<bean
class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.ehcache.EhCacheFlushingModel">
<property name="cacheNames">
<list>
<value>testCache</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 报错,应该是不能直接设置cacheName
<property name="cacheName" value="testCache"/>
-->
</bean>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 基于注解查找刷新缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
<bean id="flushingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.FlushingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<constructor-arg ref="flushingInterceptor" />
</bean>
<!-- 测试对象 -->
<bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
</beans> 2)命名空间配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ehcache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcachehttp://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-ehcache.xsd">
<!-- 这里可以不需要配置这个
<bean id="autoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
-->
<ehcache:config configLocation="classpath:ehcache.xml"
id="cacheProvider" />
<ehcache:annotations providerId="cacheProvider">
<ehcache:caching cacheName="testCache" id="testCaching" />
<ehcache:flushing cacheNames="testCache" id="testFlushing" />
</ehcache:annotations>
<bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
</beans>
1)普通配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 这个是必须地,否则缓存不起作用 -->
<bean id="autoproxy"
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
<!-- 缓存管理工厂:使用OSCache缓存管理,配置了OSCache使用的配置文件路径 -->
<bean id="cacheManager"
class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.oscache.OsCacheManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:oscache.properties" />
</bean>
<!-- 缓存提供:OSCache -->
<bean id="cacheProviderFacade" class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.oscache.OsCacheFacade">
<property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
</bean>
<!-- 1.5+ Annotation 基于注解查找被缓存的业务方法 -->
<bean id="cachingAttributeSource"
class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationCachingAttributeSource"></bean>
<!-- 缓存拦截器:定义了缓存模块,以及相应的刷新策略,以及缓存所属群组 -->
<bean id="cachingInterceptor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.MetadataCachingInterceptor">
<property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
<property name="cachingAttributeSource" ref="cachingAttributeSource" />
<property name="cachingModels">
<props>
<prop key="testCaching">refreshPeriod=86400;cronExpression=0 1 * * *;groups=pb_test</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 基于注解查找缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
<bean id="cachingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.CachingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<constructor-arg ref="cachingInterceptor" />
</bean>
<!-- 基于注解查找触发缓存刷新动作的业务方法 -->
<bean id="flushingAttributeSource"
class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationFlushingAttributeSource"></bean>
<!-- 刷新拦截器:定义了刷新策略,基于那个模块ID,刷新相应的缓存群组 -->
<bean id="flushingInterceptor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.MetadataFlushingInterceptor">
<property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
<property name="flushingAttributeSource" ref="flushingAttributeSource" />
<property name="flushingModels">
<props>
<prop key="testFlushing">groups=pb_test</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 基于注解查找刷新缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
<bean id="flushingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.FlushingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
<constructor-arg ref="flushingInterceptor" />
</bean>
<bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
</beans>
2)命名空间配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oscache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/oscache"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springmodules.org/schema/oscachehttp://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-oscache.xsd">
<!-- 这里可以不需要配置这个
<bean id="autoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
-->
<oscache:config configLocation="classpath:oscache.properties" id="cacheProvider"/>
<oscache:annotations providerId="cacheProvider">
<oscache:caching id="testCaching" groups="pb_test" cronExpression="0 1 * * *" refreshPeriod="86400"/>
<oscache:flushing id="testFlushing" groups="pb_test"/>
</oscache:annotations>
<bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
</beans>
四.注解
@Cacheable:声明一个方法的返回值应该被缓存
例如:@Cacheable(modelId = "testCaching")
@CacheFlush:声明一个方法是清空缓存的触发器
例如:@CacheFlush(modelId = "testCaching")
五.测试
这是用使用一个带有main函数的类来进行测试,代码如下:
/*
* COPYRIGHT Beijing NetQin-Tech Co.,Ltd. *
****************************************************************************
* 源文件名: TestCache.java
* 功能: (描述文件功能)
* 版本: @version 1.0
* 编制日期: 2010-2-24
* 说明: (描述使用文件功能时的制约条件)
* 修改历史: (主要历史变动原因及说明)
* YYYY-MM-DD | Author | Change Description
* 2010-2-24 | hanqunfeng | Created
*/
package com;
import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springmodules.cache.annotations.CacheFlush;
import org.springmodules.cache.annotations.Cacheable;
import com.opensymphony.oscache.general.GeneralCacheAdministrator;
public class TestCache {
/**
* 描述 : <描述函数实现的功能>. <br>
*<p>
* @param args
*/
static String context = null;
static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
static{
context = "applicationContext-ehcache.xml";//ehcache简单配置(命名空间)
// context = "applicationContext-ehcache_full.xml";//ehcache完整配置
// context = "applicationContext-oscache.xml";//oscache简单配置(命名空间)
// context = "applicationContext-oscache_full.xml";//oscache完整配置
applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(context);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestCache test = (TestCache)applicationContext.getBean("testCache");
System.out.println(test.getName(0));
System.out.println(test.getName(0));
System.out.println(test.getName(0));
test.flush();
// test.OSFlushAll();
// test.EHFlushAll();
System.out.println(test.getName(0));
System.out.println(test.getName(0));
System.out.println(test.getName(0));
}
@Cacheable(modelId = "testCaching")
public String getName(int i){
System.out.println("Processing testCaching");
return "nihao:"+i;
}
@CacheFlush(modelId = "testFlushing")
public void flush(){
System.out.println("Processing testFlushing");
}
/**
* 描述 : <OSCache刷新全部缓存>. <br>
*<p>
问题:flushAll() 后不会再缓存数据
*/
public void OSFlushAll(){
GeneralCacheAdministrator cacheAdmin = (GeneralCacheAdministrator)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
cacheAdmin.flushAll();
System.out.println("Processing OSFlushingAll");
}
/**
* 描述 : <清空指定组名称的缓存>. <br>
*<p>
* @param groupName
*/
public void OSFlushGroup(String groupName){
GeneralCacheAdministrator cacheAdmin = (GeneralCacheAdministrator)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
cacheAdmin.flushGroup(groupName);//清除该组的缓存:pb_test
System.out.println("Processing OSFlushingGroup:"+groupName);
}
/**
* 描述 : <EHCache刷新全部缓存>. <br>
*<p>
success
*/
public void EHFlushAll(){
CacheManager cacheAdmin = (CacheManager)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
cacheAdmin.clearAll();
System.out.println("Processing EHFlushingAll");
}
/**
* 描述 : <清空指定名称的缓存>. <br>
*<p>
* @param cacheName
*/
public void EHFlushCache(String cacheName){
CacheManager cacheAdmin = (CacheManager)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
cacheAdmin.getCache(cacheName).flush();//清除单个缓存:testCache
System.out.println("Processing EHFlushingCacheName:"+cacheName);
}
}
测试结果
Processing testCaching
nihao:0
nihao:0
nihao:0
Processing testFlushing
Processing testCaching
nihao:0
nihao:0
nihao:0
六.缓存配置文件
ehcache.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="ehcache.xsd" updateCheck="true"
monitoring="autodetect">
<diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="true"
maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"
diskPersistent="false"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"
/>
<cache name="testCache"
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
maxElementsOnDisk="1000"
eternal="false"
overflowToDisk="true"
diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="20"
timeToIdleSeconds="300"
timeToLiveSeconds="600"
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU"
/>
</ehcache> oscache.properties
cache.capacity=5000
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