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Swift版与JS交互实战篇:
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIzMzA4NjA5Mw==&mid=214070747&idx=1&sn=57b45fa293d0500365d9a0a4ff74a4e1#rd
OC版与JS交互实战篇:
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIzMzA4NjA5Mw==&mid=214063688&idx=1&sn=903258ec2d3ae431b4d9ee55cb59ed89#rd
因为项目需要做一个活动,而这个活动的信息是源于HTML5写的,而这个操作网页的过程上,
是需要到与原生APP这边交互的,因为这就增加了一个需求,那就是与JS交互。
目前很流行的库有WebviewJavaScriptBridge和OVGap,这两个库都是让webview与JS建立起一条桥梁,
这样就可以相互通信了。
花了两天的时间,反反复复地研究了WebviewJavaScriptBridge和OVGap这两个库,也在网上搜索了很多的
相关博客看,可是都没有满足我的需求。网上的教程几乎都是webview给调用JS,使用系统提供的方法,这是
想学Easy就可以做到的,但是如果想让JS调用我们的原生的方法,那就不容易了,就需要一条桥梁,在JS响应的
时候能回调OC的方法。这两个库都是可以满足我们的,但是在JS端需要添加对应的JS,对于前者,还需要把响应的
方法放到桥梁内,如:
function connectWebViewJavascriptBridge(callback) { if (window.WebViewJavascriptBridge) { callback(WebViewJavascriptBridge) } else { document.addEventListener('WebViewJavascriptBridgeReady', function() { callback(WebViewJavascriptBridge) }, false) } } connectWebViewJavascriptBridge(function(bridge) { var uniqueId = 1 function log(message, data) { var log = document.getElementById('log') var el = document.createElement('div') el.className = 'logLine' el.innerHTML = uniqueId++ + '. ' + message + ':<br/>' + JSON.stringify(data) if (log.children.length) { log.insertBefore(el, log.children[0]) } else { log.appendChild(el) } } bridge.init(function(message, responseCallback) { log('JS got a message', message) var data = { 'Javascript Responds':'Wee!' } log('JS responding with', data) responseCallback(data) }) bridge.registerHandler('testJavascriptHandler', function(data, responseCallback) { log('ObjC called testJavascriptHandler with', data) var responseData = { 'Javascript Says':'Right back atcha!' } log('JS responding with', responseData) responseCallback(responseData) }) var button = document.getElementById('buttons').appendChild(document.createElement('button')) button.innerHTML = 'Send message to ObjC' button.onclick = function(e) { e.preventDefault() var data = 'Hello from JS button' log('JS sending message', data) bridge.send(data, function(responseData) { log('JS got response', responseData) }) } document.body.appendChild(document.createElement('br')) var callbackButton = document.getElementById('buttons').appendChild(document.createElement('button')) callbackButton.innerHTML = 'Fire testObjcCallback' callbackButton.onclick = function(e) { e.preventDefault() log('JS calling handler "testObjcCallback"') bridge.callHandler('testObjcCallback', {'foo': 'bar'}, function(response) { log('JS got response', response) }) } }) </script>
connectWebViewJavascriptBridge
这个方法是必须的,而响应要放在这个方法中,这样对安卓端可能会中影响,于是放弃了这个库的使用。
将下来是使用OVGap这个库。
使用这个库前,需要给HTML5中引入对方的脚本,叫ovgap.js,可到Github下载:
;(function() { var require, define; (function () { var modules = {}, // Stack of moduleIds currently being built. requireStack = [], // Map of module ID -> index into requireStack of modules currently being built. inProgressModules = {}, SEPERATOR = "."; function build(module) { var factory = module.factory, localRequire = function (id) { var resultantId = id; //Its a relative path, so lop off the last portion and add the id (minus "./") if (id.charAt(0) === ".") { resultantId = module.id.slice(0, module.id.lastIndexOf(SEPERATOR)) + SEPERATOR + id.slice(2); } return require(resultantId); }; module.exports = {}; delete module.factory; factory(localRequire, module.exports, module); return module.exports; } require = function (id) { if (!modules[id]) { throw "module " + id + " not found"; } else if (id in inProgressModules) { var cycle = requireStack.slice(inProgressModules[id]).join('->') + '->' + id; throw "Cycle in require graph: " + cycle; } if (modules[id].factory) { try { inProgressModules[id] = requireStack.length; requireStack.push(id); return build(modules[id]); } finally { delete inProgressModules[id]; requireStack.pop(); } } return modules[id].exports; }; define = function (id, factory) { if (modules[id]) { throw "module " + id + " already defined"; } modules[id] = { id: id, factory: factory }; }; define.remove = function (id) { delete modules[id]; }; define.moduleMap = modules; })(); define("ov_gap", function(require, exports, module) { var ovGap = { callbackId: Math.floor(Math.random() * 2000000000), callbacks: {}, commandQueue: [], groupId: Math.floor(Math.random() * 300), groups: {}, listeners: {}, invoke: function(cmd, params, onSuccess, onFail) { if(!cmd) cmd = "defaultCommand"; if(!params) params = {}; this.callbackId ++; this.callbacks[this.callbackId] = { success: onSuccess, fail: onFail }; var rurl = "ovgap://" + cmd + "/" + JSON.stringify(params) + "/" + this.callbackId; document.location = rurl; }, dispatchCommand: function(cmd, params, onSuccess, onFail) { if(!cmd) cmd = "defaultCommand"; if(!params) params = {}; this.callbackId ++; this.callbacks[this.callbackId] = { success: onSuccess, fail: onFail }; var command = cmd + "/" + JSON.stringify(params) + "/" + this.callbackId; this.commandQueue.push(command); }, fetchNativeCommands: function() { var json = JSON.stringify(this.commandQueue); this.commandQueue = []; return json; }, activate: function() { document.location = "ovgap://ready"; }, // return group ID createGroup: function() { this.groupId ++; this.groups[this.groupId] = []; return this.groupId; }, dispatchCommandInGroup: function(cmd, params, onSuccess, onFail, groupId) { if (!this.groups[groupId]) return false; if(!cmd) cmd = "defaultCommand"; if(!params) params = {}; this.callbackId ++; this.callbacks[this.callbackId] = { success: onSuccess, fail: onFail }; var command = cmd + "/" + JSON.stringify(params) + "/" + this.callbackId; this.groups[groupId].push(command); return true; }, activateGroup: function(groupId) { if (!this.groups[groupId]) return false; document.location = "ovgap://group/" + groupId; }, fetchNativeGroupCommands: function(groupId) { if (!this.groups[groupId]) return []; var json = JSON.stringify(this.groups[groupId]); this.groups[groupId] = []; return json; }, callbackSuccess: function(callbackId, params) { try { ovGap.callbackFromNative(callbackId, params, true); } catch (e) { console.log("Error in error callback: " + callbackId + " = " + e); } }, callbackError: function(callbackId, params) { try { ovGap.callbackFromNative(callbackId, params, false); } catch (e) { console.log("Error in error callback: " + callbackId + " = " + e); } }, callbackFromNative: function(callbackId, params, isSuccess) { var callback = this.callbacks[callbackId]; if (callback) { if (isSuccess) { callback.success && callback.success(callbackId, params); } else { callback.fail && callback.fail(callbackId, params); } delete ovGap.callbacks[callbackId]; }; }, addGapListener: function(listenId, onSuccess, onFail) { if (!listenId || !onSuccess || !onFail) return; this.listeners[listenId] = { success : onSuccess, fail : onFail }; }, removeListener: function(listenId) { if (!this.listeners[listenId]) return; this.listeners[listenId] = null; }, triggerListenerSuccess: function(listenId, params) { if (!this.listeners[listenId]) return; var listener = this.listeners[listenId]; listener.success && listener.success(listenId, params); }, triggerListenerFail: function(listenId, params) { if (!this.listeners[listenId]) return; var listener = this.listeners[listenId]; listener.fail && listener.fail(listenId, params); } }; module.exports = ovGap; }); window.ov_gap = require("ov_gap"); }) ();
function onButtonClick() { // 下面是我需要处理的事,处理完之后 alert('这里我是要处理一些事的,如果有需要的话。'); // 这里是回调我们前端与后端商量好的方法 // activityList是oc中的方法 window.ov_gap.invoke("activityList", null, success, fail); }
可是这两个库都需要添加这些东西,做HTML5的人可不愿意,因为这样的话,对于IOS的处理是一种,对于安卓和WP呢?又得写一份吗?
于是我又去寻找别的库,有一个叫apache cordova的库,是支持ios,android,wp的,可是太大了,又是英文的,安装也很困难,学习成本太高,
于是看了看就放弃了,这么大的库,给我们带来的可不一定是好处多于动坏处啊。
转了一圈又回到了原生的,有一个库叫JavaScriptCore,这个是IOS7以后才开放的API,这可以极大的简化了我们的需求,非常的简单,
我们只需要注入一个方法,就可以在JS中调用此方法来跟原生的OC交互。
首先得加入库
#import <JavaScriptCore/JavaScriptCore.h>
JSContext这个可是关键。
// webView对象 @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) UIWebView *webView; @property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) JSContext *jsContext;
- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView { [_activityView stopAnimating]; [self dismiss]; if (_jsContext == nil) { // 1. _jsContext = [webView valueForKeyPath:@"documentView.webView.mainFrame.javaScriptContext"]; // 2. 关联打印异常 _jsContext.exceptionHandler = ^(JSContext *context, JSValue *exceptionValue) { context.exception = exceptionValue; DDLogVerbose(@"异常信息:%@", exceptionValue); }; _jsContext[@"activityList"] = ^(NSDictionary *param) { DDLogVerbose(@"%@", param); }; // Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 10_10 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/600.1.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Mobile/12B411 id userAgent = [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"navigator.userAgent"]; DDLogVerbose(@"%@", userAgent); } }
activityList是商定好的方法名称,在JS中写法:
<input type="button" value="测试log" onclick="activityList({'tytyty':'hehe'})" />在点击的时候,直接回调是可以的。
那么经过这两天的摸索,学习到了很多的知识。
写DEMO的过程中,由于 后台并没有提供好HTML5页面的交互来测试,需要自己写,
我这里是使用apache服务器,在本地创建一个HTML5页面,自己写一些JS来测试的,
如果大家不知道怎么写JS,其实是很简单的,上w3cschool看一看,就明白了,so easy!!!!
之所以要写下这篇文章,是因为我发现在网上搜索出来的文章中,都是相互复制的,看来看去都是
一样的东西而且还都是OC调JS的代码,实在是不快。
写下的点滴,希望对大家有用。
另外,也许我上面所讲的一些关于OVGap和WebviewJavaScriptBridge的知识是有不正确的地方,还请指出来,
你们的反馈,会是对我最大的帮助,谢谢!