CentOS下MySQL安装后配置和设置

CentOS下MySQL安装后配置和设置：

1：安装完成路径:

	1、数据库目录
	/var/lib/mysql/
	2、配置文件
	/usr/share/mysql(mysql.server命令及配置文件)
	3、启动脚本
	/etc/rc.d/init.d/(启动脚本文件mysql的目录) 
	4、相关命令
	/usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)
	注:1~3安装server安装后存在,4mysqladmin mysqldump在client安装后存在

查看数据库版本：

mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.6.27    |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

2：启动mysql：

[root@localhost install-files]# service mysqld start  
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!  

停止mysql:

[root@localhost init.d]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 

重启mysql：

[root@localhost init.d]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

注：启动脚本名称修改：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# ls
functions  mysql  netconsole  network  README
[root@localhost init.d]# mv mysql mysqld
[root@localhost init.d]# ls
functions  mysqld  netconsole  network  README

3：查看是否启动成功，进程mysql启动，网络端口3306开启为ok.：

[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# ps aux | grep mysql
root     28992  0.0  0.1  11340  1384 pts/0    S    15:02   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe 
--datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/Tony_ts_tian.pid
mysql    29095  0.0 44.7 1014444 455420 pts/0  Sl   15:02   0:04 /usr/sbin/mysqld 
--basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin 
--user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/Tony_ts_tian.err 
--pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/Tony_ts_tian.pid
root     29165  0.0  0.0 103252   836 pts/0    S+   17:04   0:00 grep mysql
[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# netstat -ntl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8081                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8006              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3690                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8010                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN 

4：设置MySQL开机启动:

查看开机启动项:

[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# chkconfig 

查看是否有MySQL开机启动：

[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql*

设置开机启动：

[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld

或开启和关闭：chkconfig mysqld on / chkconfig mysqld off
设置效果：

[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql*
mysqld         	0:off	1:off	2:on	3:on	4:on	5:on	6:off

以上表示设置成功。

注：rpm安装后初始密码在/root/.mysql_secret

5：创建管理员root密码：

注：第一次安装完mysql后,不需要输入密码，直接mysql命令，就可以登陆！5.1.

[root@Tony_ts_tian bin]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.73, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1

[root@Tony_ts_tian bin]# pwd
/usr/bin
[root@Tony_ts_tian bin]# mysqladmin -u root password 'kaka123'

6：登录：

mysql -u root -p

Enter password:  不回显，输入正确密码enter即可登陆。

（7：忘记密码）：第5步可能也会出错:第9步也会出错：

解决：MySQL配置和设置问题小结

即可，登录，修改密码。

注：也可使用：/etc/mysql/debian.cnf文件中[client]下配置的密码。

8：查看MySQL中all user：

查看数据库中所有用户：

mysql> SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') AS query FROM mysql.user;
+--------------------------------+
| query                          |
+--------------------------------+
| User: 'root'@'127.0.0.1';      |
| User: 'root'@'::1';            |
| User: 'root'@'localhost';      |
| User: 'root'@'tony\_ts\_tian'; |
+--------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9：允许远程机器用root用户连接MySQL服务器数据库：

a：查看表结构，插入一列,用户名User=root，Host='%'，表示不限制ip为允许所有ip访问，密码：

mysql> DESC user;

发现mysql数据库下user表中，Host和User为主键列。(SQL来自备份user表)，设置登录的Host为所有：

INSERT  INTO `user`(`Host`,`User`,`Password`,`Select_priv`,`Insert_priv`,`Update_priv`,`Delete_priv`,`Create_priv`,`Drop_priv`,`Reload_priv`,`Shutdown_priv`,`Process_priv`,`File_priv`,`Grant_priv`,`References_priv`,`Index_priv`,`Alter_priv`,`Show_db_priv`,`Super_priv`,`Create_tmp_table_priv`,`Lock_tables_priv`,`Execute_priv`,`Repl_slave_priv`,`Repl_client_priv`,`Create_view_priv`,`Show_view_priv`,`Create_routine_priv`,`Alter_routine_priv`,`Create_user_priv`,`Event_priv`,`Trigger_priv`,`Create_tablespace_priv`,`ssl_type`,`ssl_cipher`,`x509_issuer`,`x509_subject`,`max_questions`,`max_updates`,`max_connections`,`max_user_connections`,`plugin`,`authentication_string`,`password_expired`) VALUES ('%','root','*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','','','','',0,0,0,0,'mysql_native_password','','N');

修改登录密码:

mysql> SELECT Host,User,Password FROM `user`;
mysql> UPDATE `user` SET password='*71ABCA8B06D46066CEF8062A75256E66243D0FC8' WHERE Host='%' AND User='root';
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') AS query FROM mysql.user;
+--------------------------------+
| query                          |
+--------------------------------+
| User: 'root'@'%';              |
| User: 'root'@'127.0.0.1';      |
| User: 'root'@'::1';            |
| User: 'root'@'localhost';      |
| User: 'root'@'tony\_ts\_tian'; |
+--------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

b：或者直接更新，重启：

mysql> UPDATE USER SET HOST = '%' WHERE HOST='127.0.0.1' AND USER='root'

a，b后，刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表：

mysql> flush privileges;

重启，就可以远程访问了：

[root@Tony_ts_tian bin]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

登陆mysql数据库：

[root@Tony_ts_tian ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 149
Server version: 5.6.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

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