oracle学习笔记（一）分享
1、基本语法 SELECT FROM WHERE GROUP BY HAVING ORDER BY SELECT:查询的字段 1、可用*表示所有字段。 2、字段之间用逗号分割。 3、可为字段起别名 其别名可写成SELECT AAAA。AA AS SS 或 AAAA。AA SS 可省略as 4、可直接写字段值：如 SELECT AAAA。AA SS,'张三' NAME FROM 。。。 FROM:查询的表名 1、表名间用逗号分割 2、可为表起别名 其别名可写成 FROM AAAA AS T 或 FROM AAAA T 可省略as WHERE:查询条件 函数： NVL || SYSDATE 3、连接 连接：左联(+) 自联、内联、外联 4、子查询： 5、合并数据： UNION UNION ALL 6、触发器： 例子1：插入主键 CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER AA_ BEFORE INSERT ON AA FOR EACH ROW DECLARE BEGIN SELECT AA_SEQ.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.AA FROM DUAL; END AA_; 例子2： CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER ADDB2B_GHDWUSER AFTER INSERT ON B2B_GHDWUSER FOR EACH ROW DECLARE V_MENUID B2B_GHJBMENU.MENUID%TYPE; _MENUID VARCHAR2(20); CURSOR INSERTUMENU IS SELECT A.MENUID FROM B2B_GHJBMENU A,XTGHDW B WHERE A.JNAM = B.JB AND B.DWBM= :NEW.GHDWBM; V_LXBM XTFBLX.LXBM%TYPE; CURSOR INSERTLXBM IS SELECT DISTINCT LXBM FROM XTFBLX; BEGIN OPEN INSERTUMENU; FETCH INSERTUMENU INTO V_MENUID,_MENUID; WHILE INSERTUMENU%FOUND LOOP INSERT INTO B2B_USERMENU (USERBM,MENUID) VALUES(:NEW.USERBM,V_MENUID); FETCH INSERTUMENU INTO V_MENUID; END LOOP; CLOSE INSERTUMENU; OPEN INSERTLXBM; FETCH INSERTLXBM INTO V_LXBM; WHILE INSERTLXBM%FOUND LOOP INSERT INTO B2B_USERXX (USERBM,LXBM) VALUES(:NEW.USERBM,V_LXBM); FETCH INSERTLXBM INTO V_LXBM; END LOOP; CLOSE INSERTLXBM; IF :OLD.SWBZ='2' AND :NEW.SWBZ = '0' THEN BEGIN SELECT TID,FUSED INTO L_ID,L_FUSED FROM RPC_CONTRAC WHERE HTBM = :NEW.HTBM AND HTLB <> '9'; IF L_FUSED=1 THEN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20005,'不能删除!'); END IF; DELETE RPC_CONTRACENTRY WHERE TID = L_ID; DELETE RPC_CONTRAC WHERE TID = L_ID; EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN NULL; END; END IF; END ADDB2B_GHDWUSER ; 存储过程： 例子1： CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE "P_BJHHTED" -------输入、输出参数 ( AS_USER VARCHAR2, AD_RQ1 DATE, AD_RQ2 DATE) AS --------------------定义变量 LS_GW VARCHAR2(8); LS_SPR VARCHAR2(10); LS_KS VARCHAR2(4); LD_SL1 NUMBER(14,4); LD_JE1 NUMBER(14,4); LD_SL2 NUMBER(14,4); LD_JE2 NUMBER(14,4); LD_SL3 NUMBER(14,4); LD_JE3 NUMBER(14,4); LD_SL4 NUMBER(14,4); LD_JE4 NUMBER(14,4); LD_SL5 NUMBER(14,4); LD_JE5 NUMBER(14,4); LD_SL6 NUMBER(14,4); LD_JE6 NUMBER(14,4); ---------------------定义游标 CURSOR C1 IS SELECT HTGW,KSJC,SPR FROM BJHHTED WHERE ZDR=AS_USER FOR UPDATE; ---------------------开始执行存储过程 BEGIN -------------------删除数据 DELETE FROM BJHHTED WHERE ZDR=AS_USER; -------------------插入数据 INSERT INTO BJHHTED(ZDR,HTGW,KSJC,SPR) SELECT DISTINCT AS_USER,HTGW,NVL(SUBSTR(HTBH,6,2),'%'),SPRM FROM CGHT WHERE QDRQ>=AD_RQ1 AND QDRQ<=AD_RQ2 AND LB='5' AND SWBZ ='2'; --------------------打开游标 OPEN C1; --------------------取出第一条数据 FETCH C1 INTO LS_GW,LS_KS,LS_SPR; --------------------循环数据 WHILE C1%FOUND LOOP ------------------查询出数据赋给变量 SELECT COUNT(HTBM), SUM(SPJE) INTO LD_SL1,LD_JE1 FROM CGHT WHERE QDRQ>=AD_RQ1 AND QDRQ<=AD_RQ2 AND LB='5' AND SWBZ='2' AND HTGW=LS_GW AND NVL(HTBH,'%') LIKE '%'||LS_KS||'%' AND SPRM=LS_SPR AND SPJE<=50000; ------------------更新表数据 UPDATE BJHHTED SET FS1=LD_SL1,JE1=LD_JE1, FS2=LD_SL2,JE2=LD_JE2, FS3=LD_SL3,JE3=LD_JE3, FS4=LD_SL4,JE4=LD_JE4, FS5=LD_SL5,JE5=LD_JE5, FS6=LD_SL6,JE6=LD_JE6 WHERE ZDR=AS_USER AND HTGW=LS_GW AND KSJC=LS_KS AND SPR=LS_SPR; ------------------取出下一条数据 FETCH C1 INTO LS_GW,LS_KS,LS_SPR; --------------------结束循环 END LOOP; --------------------关闭游标 CLOSE C1; ----------------------关闭存储过程 END P_BJHHTED; JAVA调用存储过程1： CALLABLESTATEMENT CS = C.PREPARECALL("{CALL P_BJHHTED(?,?,?)}"); CS.SETSTRING(1,YHBM); CS.SETSTRING(2,XMBM); CS.SETSTRING(3,PHBM); CS.EXECUTE(); 例子2： PACKAGE： CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE PAK_TEMPLATE IS -- AUTHOR : LIYIMIN -- CREATED : 2008-03-27 14:41:51 -- PURPOSE : -- PUBLIC TYPE DECLARATIONS TYPE RESULT_CUR IS REF CURSOR; -- PUBLIC CONSTANT DECLARATIONS --<CONSTANTNAME> CONSTANT <DATATYPE> := <VALUE>; -- PUBLIC VARIABLE DECLARATIONS --<VARIABLENAME> <DATATYPE>; -- QUALITATIVE RISKS PROCEDURE P_RESPONSE_ACTIONS(RESULT OUT RESULT_CUR,VRISKID VARCHAR2); END PAK_TEMPLATE; 实体： CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY PAK_TEMPLATE IS -- PRIVATE TYPE DECLARATIONS --TYPE <TYPENAME> IS <DATATYPE>; -- PRIVATE CONSTANT DECLARATIONS -- <CONSTANTNAME> CONSTANT <DATATYPE> := <VALUE>; -- PRIVATE VARIABLE DECLARATIONS --<VARIABLENAME> <DATATYPE>; PROCEDURE P_RESPONSE_ACTIONS(RESULT OUT RESULT_CUR,VRISKID VARCHAR2) IS BEGIN OPEN RESULT FOR SELECT B.RESPONSEIDEA NAME, A.RISKCODE RISK_ID, D.RISKDESC DESCRIPTION, E.ROMC RESPONSIBILITY, C.STARTDATE, C.ENDDATE FINISH, C.STARTDATE TARGET_START, C.ENDDATE TARGET_FINISH, C.COST MITIGATION_COST, F.ACTUALCOST ACTUAL_COST, '' TASK, G.RESPONSETYPEDESC STATUS, H.PROBABILITYCODE PROBABILITY, I.IMPACTTIMECODE SCHEDULE, J.IMPACTCOSTCODE COST, '' PERFORMANCE, B.SCORE, '' USER_TEXT1, '' USER_TEXT2, '' USER_TEXT3, '' USER_TEXT4, '' USER_TEXT5 FROM RISK_INFO A, RISK_PLAN B, RISK_PLAN_DETAIL C, RISK_INFO_NLS D, XTROLE E, RISK_AUDIT F, B_AUDIT_STATUS_NLS G, B_RISKPROBABILITY H, B_RISKIMPACTTIME I, B_RISKIMPACTCOST J WHERE A.RISKID = B.RISKID(+) AND B.PLANID = C.PLANID(+) AND A.RISKID = D.RISKID(+) AND C.RESPONSEROLE = E.ID(+) AND C.PLANDETAILID = F.PLANDETAILID(+) AND F.STATUS = G.STATUSID(+) AND B.PROBABILITYID = H.PROBABILITYID(+) AND B.IMPACTTIMEID = I.IMPACTTIMEID(+) AND B.IMPACTCOSTID = J.IMPACTCOSTID(+) AND B.SELECTEDORNOT = '0' AND TO_CHAR(A.RISKID) = VRISKID; END; END PAK_TEMPLATE; JAVA调用存储过程2： CONN = CONNMANAGER.GETCONNECTION(); STRSQL = "{CALL PAK_TEMPLATE.P_RESPONSE_ACTIONS(?,?)}"; DEBUG.PRINTLN("SCOSTSCHEDULEBEAN->GETVRESPONSEACTIONSINFO 22 SQL:" + STRSQL); CS = CONN.PREPARECALL(STRSQL); CS.REGISTEROUTPARAMETER(1, ORACLE.JDBC.ORACLETYPES.CURSOR); CS.SETSTRING(2, (STRING) MAP.GET("RISKID")); CS.EXECUTE(); RS = (RESULTSET) CS.GETOBJECT(1); WHILE (RS.NEXT()) { VRESPONSEACTIONSINFO VINFO = NEW VRESPONSEACTIONSINFO(); ACCESSBEAN.RSACCESSINFO(RS, VINFO); VLIST.GETLIST().ADD(VINFO); } RS.CLOSE(); RETURN VLIST;