iOS - 邮件 短信 通讯录
本篇博客讲解了在iOS开发过程中如何使用系统邮件 短信 通讯录,解释不够全面的地方希望能及时的给与指正,博主会及时更新纠正.
1.邮件
1)引入MessageUI.framework框架
2)引头文件
#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>3)签个协议
@interface SendEmailViewController ()<MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>
@end4)ViewDidLoad方法(主要是加个button点击实现添加邮件功能)
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
button.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
button.frame = CGRectMake(120, 200, 100, 30);
[button setTitle: @"邮件" forState: UIControlStateNormal];
[button addTarget: self action: @selector(sendEMail) forControlEvents: UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview: button];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
}5)点击按钮触发添加邮件的方法
/** * 点击邮件按钮 */
-(void)sendEMail
{
Class mailClass = (NSClassFromString(@"MFMailComposeViewController"));
if (mailClass != nil)
{
if ([mailClass canSendMail])
{
/** * 发送邮件 */
[self displayComposerSheet];
}
else
{
/** * 登录app */
[self launchMailAppOnDevice];
}
}
else
{
[self launchMailAppOnDevice];
}
}
6)编辑邮件发送邮件
#pragma mark - 发送邮件
-(void)displayComposerSheet
{
/** * 显示发邮件界面 */
MFMailComposeViewController *mailPicker = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
mailPicker.mailComposeDelegate = self;
/** * 主题 */
[mailPicker setSubject: @"EMail主题"];
/** * 收件人 */
NSArray *toRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject: @"[email protected]"];
/** * 抄送 */
NSArray *ccRecipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"[email protected]", @"[email protected]", nil];
[mailPicker setToRecipients: toRecipients];
[mailPicker setCcRecipients: ccRecipients];
/** * 添加附件(图片为例) */
UIImage *addPic = [UIImage imageNamed: @"1.png"];
NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(addPic); // png或者jpg
[mailPicker addAttachmentData: imageData mimeType: @"image/png" fileName: @"1.png"];
/** * 添加正文 */
NSString *emailBody = @"添加正文";
[mailPicker setMessageBody:emailBody isHTML:YES];
[self presentViewController:mailPicker animated:YES completion:^{
}];
}
7)登录设备上的应用,使用其他应用发送邮件(例如:QQ邮箱)
#pragma mark - 登录设备上的应用
-(void)launchMailAppOnDevice
{
NSString *recipients = @"mailto:[email protected]&subject=my email!";
NSString *body = @"&body=email body!";
NSString *email = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@", recipients, body];
email = [email stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: [NSURL URLWithString:email]];
}
8)协议方法的实现
#pragma mark - 协议方法
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController *)controller
didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError *)error
/** * 发送成功或者失败后的处理(给予提示信息) */
{
NSString *msg;
switch (result)
{
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:
msg = @"邮件发送取消";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSaved:
msg = @"邮件保存成功";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSent:
msg = @"邮件发送成功";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MFMailComposeResultFailed:
msg = @"邮件发送失败";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
default:
break;
}
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{
}];
}
9)提示方法(UIAlertView)
/** * 提示框 * * @param title title(nil) * @param msg 提示信息 */
- (void) alertWithTitle: (NSString *)title msg: (NSString *)msg
{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title
message:msg
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:@"确定"
otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
[alert release];
}
10)运行结果:(效果图)
2.短信
短信的发送有两种情况
第一种:进入系统短信发送,进入后不能退回到APP
第二种:进入短信添加界面,发完短信,回到当前APP
1.不能返回APP
1)导入框架MessageUI.framework
2)引入头文件
#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>3)添加按钮,点击按钮触发点击事件(按钮添加不予以详述)
/** * 系统发送短信 * * @param button nil */
- (void)buttonClicked:(UIButton *)button
{
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"sms://10010"];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication]openURL:url];
}2.能够返回APP
1)添加框架,引入头文件(同上,这里不详述)
2)添加按钮,点击触发点击事件
/** * 发送后能回到APP * * @param button nil */
- (void)button1Clicked:(UIButton *)button
{
if ([MFMessageComposeViewController canSendText]) {
MFMessageComposeViewController *MFMC = [[MFMessageComposeViewController alloc]init];
MFMC.messageComposeDelegate = self;
MFMC.body = @"我爱你";
MFMC.recipients = [NSArray arrayWithObject:@"10086"];
#pragma mark - 添加图片(可以发彩信)
// /**
// * 添加附件(图片为例)
// */
// UIImage *addPic = [UIImage imageNamed: @"1.png"];
// NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(addPic); // png或者jpg
// [MFMC addAttachmentData:imageData typeIdentifier:@"image/png" filename:@"1.png"];
[self presentViewController:MFMC animated:YES completion:^{
}];
}
else
{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"该设备不支持短信功能" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:nil otherButtonTitles:@"确认", nil];
[alert show];
}
}
3)协议方法的实现
#pragma mark - 协议方法
- (void)messageComposeViewController:(MFMessageComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MessageComposeResult)result
{
NSString *msg;
switch (result) {
case MessageComposeResultCancelled:
msg = @"发送取消";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MessageComposeResultFailed:
msg = @"发送取消";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
case MessageComposeResultSent:
msg = @"发送成功";
[self alertWithTitle:nil msg:msg];
break;
default:
break;
}
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{
}];
}
4)提示信息方法(方法同上)
/** * 提示框 * * @param title title(nil) * @param msg 提示信息 */
- (void) alertWithTitle: (NSString *)title msg: (NSString *)msg
{
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title
message:msg
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:@"确定"
otherButtonTitles:nil];
[alert show];
}5)运行结果(需要真机测试,模拟器不能够发送短信,以上代码经过真机测试,这里不提供结果效果图)
3.通讯录
获取手机上通讯录信息,重新展示通讯录(重点内容:获取通讯录内容)
1)框架的导入AddressBook.framework,引入头文件
/* AddressBook.framework是c api直接访问操作 通讯录数据库框架 * * AddressBookUI.framework是oc 界面交互框架 */#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>2)需要的属性和协议
@interface AddressBookViewController ()<UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *addressBook;
@property (nonatomic, retain) UITableView *addressBookTableView;
@end3)ViewDidLoad方法(没有进行封装,代码冗长,谅解…)
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
/** * 添加一个返回按钮 用于返回 */
UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
button.frame = CGRectMake(10, 30, 100, 20);
button.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
[button setTitle:@"返回" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[self.view addSubview:button];
[button addTarget:self action:@selector(buttonClicked:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
/** * 初始化 */
self.addressBook = [NSMutableArray array];
/** * 新建一个通讯录,获取本地通讯录数据库 */
ABAddressBookRef address = nil;
address = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(nil, nil);
/** * 获取通讯录权限 * * @param 0 * * @return */
/* 在GCD中有三个函数是semaphore的操作，分别是： dispatch_semaphore_create 创建一个semaphore dispatch_semaphore_signal 发送一个信号 dispatch_semaphore_wait 等待信号 */
dispatch_semaphore_t sema = dispatch_semaphore_create(0);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(address, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
dispatch_semaphore_signal(sema);
});
dispatch_semaphore_wait(sema, DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER);
//address = ABAddressBookCreate();/* 该方法适用6.0版本之前, 可以加个版本判断 */
//__MAC_NA,__MAC_NA,__IPHONE_2_0,__IPHONE_6_0
/** * 获取通讯录中的所有人 * * @param address 通讯录 * * @return 结构体数组allPeople */
CFArrayRef allPeople = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(address);
/** * 获取通讯录中联系人的个数 * * @param address 通讯录address * * @return CFIndex */
CFIndex numPeople = ABAddressBookGetPersonCount(address);
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < numPeople; i++) {
/** 定义一个联系人的Model */
PeopleModel *peo = [[PeopleModel alloc]init];
/** * 获取通讯录中的一个人 * * @param allPeople 联系人数组 * @param i 下标 * * @return 单个人 */
ABRecordRef person = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(allPeople, i);
/** * 获取一个人的名字 * * @param person 通讯录中的联系人 * @param kABPersonFirstNameProperty * * @return 获取一个人的名字 */
CFTypeRef name = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
/** * 获取的名字要进行类型转换 * * @param NSString Core Foundation 对象 * * @return Objective-C 对象name */
NSString *nameString = (__bridge NSString *)name;
/* 获取电话号码 方法同上 */
ABMultiValueRef telePhone = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty);
NSString *telePhoneString = (__bridge NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(telePhone, 0);
peo.tel = telePhoneString;
peo.name = nameString;
/** * 获取唯一标识 * * @param int 转换为整型 * * @return recordID */
peo.recordID = (int)ABRecordGetRecordID(person);
[self.addressBook addObject:peo];
#pragma mark - 获取通讯录信息(其他的详细介绍)
/* kABPersonLastNameProperty; // 姓氏 kABPersonMiddleNameProperty; // 中间名 kABPersonPrefixProperty; // 前缀 kABPersonSuffixProperty; // 后缀 kABPersonNicknameProperty; // 昵称 kABPersonFirstNamePhoneticProperty; // 名字的汉语拼音或者音标 kABPersonLastNamePhoneticProperty; // 姓氏汉语拼音或者音标 kABPersonMiddleNamePhoneticProperty; // 中间名的汉语拼音或者音标 kABPersonOrganizationProperty; // 组织名 kABPersonJobTitleProperty; // 工作头衔 kABPersonDepartmentProperty; // 部门 kABPersonNoteProperty; // 备注 kABPersonBirthdayProperty; // 生日 kABPersonCreationDateProperty; // 创建时间 kABPersonModificationDateProperty; // 修改日期 kABPersonPhoneProperty ; //电话号码属性 kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型 kABPersonEmailProperty ; //e-mail属性 kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型 kABPersonURLProperty ; //URL属性 kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型 kABPersonRelatedNamesProperty; // 亲属关系人属性 kABMultiStringPropertyType;//类型 kABPersonAddressProperty ; //地址属性 kABMultiDictionaryPropertyType;//类型 kABPersonInstantMessageProperty;//及时聊天属性 kABMultiDictionaryPropertyType;//类型 kABPersonSocialProfileProperty; //社交账号属性 kABMultiDictionaryPropertyTypel;//类 */
}
/* 重铺通讯录 */
[self tableViewSubview];
}
4)重铺通讯录tableView
- (void)tableViewSubview
{
self.addressBookTableView = [[UITableView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 50, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height - 50) style:UITableViewStylePlain];
self.addressBookTableView.dataSource = self;
self.addressBookTableView.delegate = self;
[self.view addSubview:self.addressBookTableView];
}#pragma mark - tableView协议方法
- (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView
{
return 1;
}- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section
{
return [self.addressBook count];
}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"reuse"];
if (cell == nil) {
cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc]initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleValue1 reuseIdentifier:@"reuse"];
}
PeopleModel *person = [self.addressBook objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
cell.textLabel.text = person.name;
cell.detailTextLabel.text = person.tel;
return cell;
}5)联系人Model
@interface PeopleModel : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger recordID;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *email;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *tel;
@end6)运行结果(效果图)获取系统通讯录(如果是中文名字:firstname lastname都要获取,拼接字符串显示姓名)