Android 自定义属性与xmlns

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  在新建xml文件的时候都会加上这一句,而xmlns的真正含义是xml namespace 表示的是命名空间,也可以理解为一个语法文件,规定了哪些可以使用,那些不可以使用。加上上句代码,使用的Android所自带的属性例如:android:layout_width="fill_parent",在Android也可以使用自定义属性。

首先是使用自定义属性的操作流程:在res/values文件夹下新建一个arrts文件,在此文件中自定义一些属性。在布局文件当中添加自定的xmlns,在控件中使用自定义熟悉。在需要调用的属性的位置使用TypedArray获得属性的值。

实际的使用:在实现相同的自定义控件在不同的位置实现不同的ui效果(例如圆形图片使用不同的颜色边框)。

1,首先是attrs文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
  <declare-styleable name="MyImageView">  
  <attr name="borderColor" format="color"/>  
  <attr name="borderSize" format="dimension" />  
  <attr name="title" format="string"/>
 </declare-styleable>
</resources>
name是自定义的属性名,format定义的是此属性的输出类型。format使用说明如下:
1. reference:参考某一资源ID。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"

                     />

2. color:颜色值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <TextView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"

                     />

3. boolean:布尔值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    android:focusable = "true"

                    />

4. dimension:尺寸值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <Button

                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"

                    />

5. float:浮点值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">

                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <alpha
                   android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
                   android:toAlpha = "0.7"

                   />

6. integer:整型值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">

                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <animated-rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
                   android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" 
                   android:pivotX = "50%" 
                   android:pivotY = "50%" 
                   android:framesCount = "12" 
                   android:frameDuration = "100"

                   />

7. string:字符串。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <com.google.android.maps.MapView
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"

                    />

8. fraction:百分数。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <rotate

                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
               android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"

                   android:fromDegrees = "0"
               android:toDegrees = "360"

                   android:pivotX = "200%"

                   android:pivotY = "300%"
               android:duration = "5000"

                   android:repeatMode = "restart"

                   android:repeatCount = "infinite"

                   />

9. enum:枚举值。

    (1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name="名称">
                   <attr name="orientation">
                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                   </attr>           

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

            <LinearLayout

                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                    android:orientation = "vertical"
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    >
            </LinearLayout>

10. flag:位或运算。

     (1)属性定义:

             <declare-styleable name="名称">
                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                     </attr>        

             </declare-styleable>

     (2)属性使用:

            <activity

                   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
                   android:label = "@string/app_name"
                   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden">
                   <intent-filter>
                          <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                          <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                   </intent-filter>
             </activity>
如果想使用多个输入类型使用“|”隔开就行
(1)属性定义:

            <declare-styleable name = "名称">

                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />

            </declare-styleable>

    (2)属性使用:

             <ImageView

                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"

                     />

2,在布局文件中使用

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.activityanimationdemo"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <Button
        android:id="@id/btn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:padding="@dimen/padding_medium"
        android:text="click me"
        tools:context=".MainActivity" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <com.example.activityanimationdemo.MyImageView
        android:id="@+id/myImageView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignRight="@id/btn"
        android:layout_below="@+id/text"
        android:layout_marginRight="73dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="14dp"
        test:borderColor="@color/green"
        test:borderSize="5dip"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/myImageView1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/myImageView1"
        android:layout_marginTop="21dp"
        android:background="@drawable/image_bg"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />

</RelativeLayout>

在自定义控件MyImageView当中使用自定义属性。

3,在自定义控件(java代码)当中调用设置自定义属性

package com.example.activityanimationdemo;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MyImageView extends ImageView{
    private int border_size;
    int defaultsize=1;
    private int border_color;
    int defaultcolor=R.color.black;
    private TypedArray myTypeArray;
	public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
		super(context, attrs, defStyle);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
		super(context, attrs);
		myTypeArray=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyImageView);
		border_size= (int) myTypeArray.getDimension(R.styleable.MyImageView_borderSize, defaultsize);
		border_color=myTypeArray.getColor(R.styleable.MyImageView_borderColor, defaultcolor);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	public MyImageView(Context context) {
		super(context);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	@Override
	protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onDraw(canvas);
		//获取控件需要重新绘制的区域  
        Rect rect=canvas.getClipBounds();  
        rect.bottom-=border_size;  
        rect.right-=border_size; 
        rect.left+=border_size;
        rect.top+=border_size;
        Paint paint=new Paint();  
        paint.setColor(border_color);  
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);  
        paint.setStrokeWidth(border_size);  
        canvas.drawRect(rect, paint);
	}

}



    


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