xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 在新建xml文件的时候都会加上这一句,而xmlns的真正含义是xml namespace 表示的是命名空间,也可以理解为一个语法文件,规定了哪些可以使用,那些不可以使用。加上上句代码,使用的Android所自带的属性例如:android:layout_width="fill_parent",在Android也可以使用自定义属性。
首先是使用自定义属性的操作流程:在res/values文件夹下新建一个arrts文件,在此文件中自定义一些属性。在布局文件当中添加自定的xmlns,在控件中使用自定义熟悉。在需要调用的属性的位置使用TypedArray获得属性的值。
实际的使用:在实现相同的自定义控件在不同的位置实现不同的ui效果(例如圆形图片使用不同的颜色边框)。
1,首先是attrs文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <declare-styleable name="MyImageView"> <attr name="borderColor" format="color"/> <attr name="borderSize" format="dimension" /> <attr name="title" format="string"/> </declare-styleable> </resources>name是自定义的属性名,format定义的是此属性的输出类型。format使用说明如下:
1. reference:参考某一资源ID。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "background" format = "reference" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <ImageView android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:background = "@drawable/图片ID" /> 2. color:颜色值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <TextView android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:textColor = "#00FF00" /> 3. boolean:布尔值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <Button android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:focusable = "true" /> 4. dimension:尺寸值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <Button android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" /> 5. float:浮点值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation"> <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" /> <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <alpha android:fromAlpha = "1.0" android:toAlpha = "0.7" /> 6. integer:整型值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable"> <attr name = "visible" /> <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" /> <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" /> <attr name = "pivotX" /> <attr name = "pivotY" /> <attr name = "drawable" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <animated-rotate xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID" android:pivotX = "50%" android:pivotY = "50%" android:framesCount = "12" android:frameDuration = "100" /> 7. string:字符串。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "MapView"> <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <com.google.android.maps.MapView android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g" /> 8. fraction:百分数。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable"> <attr name = "visible" /> <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" /> <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" /> <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" /> <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" /> <attr name = "drawable" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <rotate xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID" android:fromDegrees = "0" android:toDegrees = "360" android:pivotX = "200%" android:pivotY = "300%" android:duration = "5000" android:repeatMode = "restart" android:repeatCount = "infinite" /> 9. enum:枚举值。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="orientation"> <enum name="horizontal" value="0" /> <enum name="vertical" value="1" /> </attr> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation = "vertical" android:layout_width = "fill_parent" android:layout_height = "fill_parent" > </LinearLayout> 10. flag:位或运算。 (1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name="名称"> <attr name="windowSoftInputMode"> <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" /> <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" /> <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" /> <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" /> <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" /> <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" /> <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" /> <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" /> <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" /> <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" /> </attr> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <activity android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity" android:label = "@string/app_name" android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged | stateHidden"> <intent-filter> <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity>如果想使用多个输入类型使用“|”隔开就行
(1)属性定义: <declare-styleable name = "名称"> <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" /> </declare-styleable> (2)属性使用: <ImageView android:layout_width = "42dip" android:layout_height = "42dip" android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00" />
2,在布局文件中使用
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" xmlns:test="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.example.activityanimationdemo" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <Button android:id="@id/btn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:padding="@dimen/padding_medium" android:text="click me" tools:context=".MainActivity" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/text" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <com.example.activityanimationdemo.MyImageView android:id="@+id/myImageView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignRight="@id/btn" android:layout_below="@+id/text" android:layout_marginRight="73dp" android:layout_marginTop="14dp" test:borderColor="@color/green" test:borderSize="5dip" android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" /> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/myImageView1" android:layout_below="@+id/myImageView1" android:layout_marginTop="21dp" android:background="@drawable/image_bg" android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" /> </RelativeLayout>
3,在自定义控件(java代码)当中调用设置自定义属性
package com.example.activityanimationdemo; import android.content.Context; import android.content.res.TypedArray; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.widget.ImageView; public class MyImageView extends ImageView{ private int border_size; int defaultsize=1; private int border_color; int defaultcolor=R.color.black; private TypedArray myTypeArray; public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) { super(context, attrs, defStyle); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); myTypeArray=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyImageView); border_size= (int) myTypeArray.getDimension(R.styleable.MyImageView_borderSize, defaultsize); border_color=myTypeArray.getColor(R.styleable.MyImageView_borderColor, defaultcolor); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public MyImageView(Context context) { super(context); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onDraw(canvas); //获取控件需要重新绘制的区域 Rect rect=canvas.getClipBounds(); rect.bottom-=border_size; rect.right-=border_size; rect.left+=border_size; rect.top+=border_size; Paint paint=new Paint(); paint.setColor(border_color); paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); paint.setStrokeWidth(border_size); canvas.drawRect(rect, paint); } }