VC编程中20种各种编程技巧和方法

VC编程中20种各种编程技巧和方法
1.    如何激活当前屏幕保护程序
2.    如何禁止/启用屏幕保护及电源管理
3.    如何激活和关闭IE浏览器
4.    如何给树控件加入工具提示
5.    如何获取系统信息框的路径
6.    如何直接运行一个资源中的程序
7.    如何遍历整个目录
8.    如何禁止/启用系统热键
9.    如何隐藏/显示WINDOWS系统任务栏
10.    如何实现窗口到系统区图标间的动画效果
11.    如何判断当前操作系统的版本
12.    如何在指定矩形框内水平/垂直显示多行文字
13.    如何在指定矩形中旋转显示文字
14.    如何将32 x 32像素图标转换为16 x 16像素值的图标
15.    如何建立一个灰度级图标
16.    如何按指定角度旋转显示内存位图(用法和BitBlt类似)
17.    如何将指定的窗体，以位图形式复制到系统剪切板上
18.    如何替换HBITMAP中的颜色值
19.    如何转换并保存位图

20.    如何获取局域网上计算机名及它们的IP地址

1.    如何激活当前屏幕保护程序
// 激活当前屏幕保护程序, jingzhou xu
    PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND,SC_SCREENSAVE,0);

2.    如何禁止/启用屏幕保护及电源管理
static UINT dss_GetList[] = {SPI_GETLOWPOWERTIMEOUT, SPI_GETPOWEROFFTIMEOUT, S
PI_GETSCREENSAVETIMEOUT};

static UINT dss_SetList[] = {SPI_SETLOWPOWERTIMEOUT, SPI_SETPOWEROFFTIMEOUT, S
PI_SETSCREENSAVETIMEOUT};

static const int dss_ListCount = _countof(dss_GetList);
l    禁止屏幕保护及电源管理
{
m_pValue = new int[dss_ListCount];
for (int x=0;x<dss_ListCount;x++)
{
// 禁止屏幕保护及电源管理
VERIFY(SystemParametersInfo (dss_SetList[x], 0, NULL, 0));
}
delete[] m_pValue;
}

l    启用屏幕保护及电源管理
{
m_pValue = new int[dss_ListCount];
for (int x=0;x<dss_ListCount;x++)
{
//启用屏幕保护及电源管理
VERIFY(SystemParametersInfo (dss_SetList[x], m_pValue[x], NULL, 0));
}
delete[] m_pValue;
}

3.    如何激活和关闭IE浏览器
//激活并打开IE
void lounchIE()
{
  HWND h=FindWindowEx(NULL,NULL,NULL,
                      "Microsoft Internet Explorer") ;
  ShellExecute(h,"open","C:\simple.html",
               NULL,NULL,SW_SHOWNORMAL);

}

//关闭IE及其它应用
void CloseIE()
{
  int app=BSM_APPLICATIONS;
  unsigned long  bsm_app=(unsigned long )app;
  BroadcastSystemMessage(BSF_POSTMESSAGE,&bsm_app,
                         WM_CLOSE,NULL,NULL);
}

4.    如何给树控件加入工具提示
l    首先给树控件加入TVS_INFOTIP属性风格，如下所示：
if (!m_ctrlTree.Create(WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|
    TVS_HASLINES|TVS_HASBUTTONS|TVS_LINESATROOT|TVS_SHOWSELALWAYS|TVS_INFOTIP,
 //加入提示TVS_INFOTIP，jingzhou xu(树控件ID:100)
        CRect(0, 0, 0, 0), &m_wndTreeBar, 100))
    {
        TRACE0("Failed to create instant bar child\n");
        return -1;
    }
l    其次加入映射消息声明，如下所示:
afx_msg void OnGetInfoTip(NMHDR* pNMHDR,LRESULT* pResult);       //树控件上加入
提示消息，jingzhou xu   

ON_NOTIFY(TVN_GETINFOTIP, 100, OnGetInfoTip)                  //树控件条目上加
入提示，jingzhou xu
l    最后加入呼应涵数处理：
void CCreateTreeDlg::OnGetInfoTip(NMHDR* pNMHDR, 
                                    LRESULT* pResult) 
  {
  *pResult = 0;
  NMTVGETINFOTIP* pTVTipInfo = (NMTVGETINFOTIP*)pNMHDR;
  LPARAM itemData = (DWORD) pTVTipInfo->lParam;
  //对应每个条目的数据
  HTREEITEM hItem = pTVTipInfo->hItem;
  CString tip;
  HTREEITEM hRootItem = m_chassisTree.GetRootItem();
  if (hRootItem != pTVTipInfo->hItem)
  {
    tip = "树结点的提示";
  }
  else
  {
    tip = "树根上的提示";
  }
  strcpy(pTVTipInfo->pszText, (LPCTSTR) tip);
}

5.    如何获取系统信息框的路径
#include <atlbase.h>

#define IDS_REG_KEY_MSINFO_PATH1 _T( "Software\Microsoft\Shared Tools\MSInfo" 
)
#define IDS_REG_KEY_MSINFO_PATH2 _T( "Software\Microsoft\Shared Tools Location
" )
#define IDS_REG_VAL_MSINFO_PATH1 _T( "Path" )
#define IDS_REG_VAL_MSINFO_PATH2 _T( "MSInfo" )
#define IDS_MSINFO_EXE_NAME      _T( "MSInfo32.exe" )

//...

BOOL GetSysInfoPath( CString& strPath )
{        
    strPath.Empty();
    LPTSTR  pszPath = strPath.GetBuffer( MAX_PATH );
        
    CRegKey reg;
    DWORD   dwSize  = MAX_PATH;
    LONG    nRet    = reg.Open( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, IDS_REG_KEY_MSINFO_PATH1, 
KEY_READ );
                
    // 在注册表中寻找第一个"MSInfo32.exe" 位置
    if ( nRet == ERROR_SUCCESS )
    {
        #if ( _MFC_VER >= 0x0700 )
            nRet = reg.QueryStringValue( IDS_REG_VAL_MSINFO_PATH1, pszPath, &d
wSize );
        #else
            nRet = reg.QueryValue( pszPath, IDS_REG_VAL_MSINFO_PATH1, &dwSize 
);
        #endif

        reg.Close();
    }
    
    // 如果第一次寻找失败，则进行第二次寻找
    if ( nRet != ERROR_SUCCESS )
    {
        nRet = reg.Open( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, IDS_REG_KEY_MSINFO_PATH2, KEY_REA
D );

        if ( nRet == ERROR_SUCCESS )
        {
            #if ( _MFC_VER >= 0x0700 )
                reg.QueryStringValue( IDS_REG_VAL_MSINFO_PATH2, pszPath, &dwSi
ze );
            #else
                reg.QueryValue( pszPath, IDS_REG_VAL_MSINFO_PATH2, &dwSize );

            #endif
            
            // 路径名不包括EXE文件名
            if ( nRet == ERROR_SUCCESS )
                VERIFY( ::PathAppend( pszPath, IDS_MSINFO_EXE_NAME ) );

            reg.Close();
        }
    }
        
    strPath.ReleaseBuffer();
    strPath.FreeExtra();
    
    // 检查文件是否有效.    
    return ::PathFileExists( strPath );
}

6.    如何直接运行一个资源中的程序
bool Run()
   {
    CFile f; 
    char* pFileName = "Execution.exe";
    if( !f.Open( pFileName, CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeWrite, NULL ) )
    {
        AfxMessageBox("Can not create file!");
        return 0;
    }
        CString path = f.GetFilePath();
    HGLOBAL hRes;
    HRSRC hResInfo;
     //获取应用实例  
    HINSTANCE insApp = AfxGetInstanceHandle();
     //寻找EXE资源名
    hResInfo = FindResource(insApp,(LPCSTR)IDR_EXE4,"EXE");
    hRes = LoadResource(insApp,hResInfo );   // Load it
    DWORD dFileLength = SizeofResource( insApp, hResInfo );  //计算EXE文件大小
 
    f.WriteHuge((LPSTR)hRes,dFileLength);  //写入临时文件 
    f.Close();
    HINSTANCE HINSsd = ShellExecute(NULL, "open",path, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORM
AL);> //运行它.  
    return 1;
}

7.    如何遍历整个目录
#include <windows.h>
#include <shlobj.h>

//浏览目录.
void    BrowseFolder( void )
{
    TCHAR path[MAX_PATH];
    BROWSEINFO bi = { 0 };
    bi.lpszTitle = ("递归调用所有目录");
    LPITEMIDLIST pidl = SHBrowseForFolder ( &bi );
    
    if ( pidl != 0 )
    {
        // 获取目录路径
        SHGetPathFromIDList ( pidl, path );

        //设置为当前路径
        SetCurrentDirectory ( path );
    
        //搜索所有子目录
        SearchFolder( path );

        // 释放内存
        IMalloc * imalloc = 0;
        if ( SUCCEEDED( SHGetMalloc ( &imalloc )) )
        {
            imalloc->Free ( pidl );
            imalloc->Release ( );
        }
}

//搜索其下所有子目录及文件.
void    SearchFolder( TCHAR * path )
{
        WIN32_FIND_DATA FindFileData;
        HANDLE            hFind;

        TCHAR    filename[ MAX_PATH + 256 ];
        TCHAR    pathbak[ MAX_PATH ];

        //复制初始用户选择目录
        strcpy( pathbak, path );

        //寻找第一个文件
        hFind = FindFirstFile ( "*.*", &FindFileData );

        //搜索所有文件及子目录
        do
        {
            if ( hFind != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
            {
                //如果是当前目录或父目录，跳过
                if ( ! ( strcmp( FindFileData.cFileName, "." ) ) || ! ( strcmp
( FindFileData.cFileName, ".." ) ) )
                {
                    continue;
                }

                //恢复初始用户选择目录
                strcpy( path, pathbak );

                //列出所有发现的文件
                sprintf( path, "%s\%s", path, FindFileData.cFileName );

                //如果 SetCurrentDirectory 成功的话，则它是一个目录，递归调用继
续搜索子目录
                if ( ( SetCurrentDirectory( path ) ) )
                {
                    SearchFolder( path );
                }
                
                  //插入文件及路径名到列表框m_listbox_hwnd中
                   SendMessage( m_listbox_hwnd, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, path ); //<--
INSERT WHAT YOU WANT DONE HERE!
            }
        }
        while ( FindNextFile ( hFind, &FindFileData ) && hFind != INVALID_HAND
LE_VALUE );

        FindClose ( hFind );
}

8.    如何禁止/启用系统热键
bool bOld;
l    禁止系统热键
//屏蔽掉系统键
SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETSCREENSAVERRUNNING,true,&bOld,SPIF_UPDATEINIFILE);

l    启用系统热键
//恢复系统热键    
SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETSCREENSAVERRUNNING,false,&bOld,SPIF_UPDATEINIFILE)
;

9.    如何隐藏/显示WINDOWS系统任务栏
l    隐藏系统任务栏
//隐藏WINDOWS系统任务栏
    ::ShowWindow (::FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd",NULL),SW_HIDE);
l    显示系统任务栏
//恢复WINDOWS系统任务栏正常显示
::ShowWindow (::FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd",NULL),SW_SHOW);

10.    如何实现窗口到系统区图标间的动画效果
//****************************************************************************
****
//* 名称：FindTrayWnd
//* 作者：徐景周([email protected])
//* 功能：在显示窗体动画效果前，先寻找系统区位置
//****************************************************************************
****
    BOOL CALLBACK FindTrayWnd(HWND hwnd, LPARAM lParam)
{
    TCHAR szClassName[256];
    GetClassName(hwnd, szClassName, 255);

    // 比较窗口类名
    if (_tcscmp(szClassName, _T("TrayNotifyWnd")) == 0)
    {
        CRect *pRect = (CRect*) lParam;
        ::GetWindowRect(hwnd, pRect);
        return TRUE;
    }

    // 当找到时钟窗口时表示可以结束了
    if (_tcscmp(szClassName, _T("TrayClockWClass")) == 0)
    {
        CRect *pRect = (CRect*) lParam;
        CRect rectClock;
        ::GetWindowRect(hwnd, rectClock);
        pRect->right = rectClock.left;
        return FALSE;
    }

    return TRUE;
}

//****************************************************************************
****
//* 名称：WinAnimation
//* 作者：徐景周([email protected])
//* 功能：显示窗口动画效果的涵数
//****************************************************************************
****
void CScreenSnapDlg::WinAnimation(BOOL ShowFlag) 
{
    CRect rect(0,0,0,0);

    // 查找托盘窗口 
    CWnd* pWnd = FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd", NULL);
    if (pWnd)
    {
        pWnd->GetWindowRect(rect);
        EnumChildWindows(pWnd->m_hWnd, FindTrayWnd, (LPARAM)&rect);
        //rect 为托盘区矩形
        CRect rcWnd;
        GetWindowRect(rcWnd);
        if(ShowFlag)                    //窗体滑向系统区
          DrawAnimatedRects(GetSafeHwnd(),IDANI_CAPTION,rcWnd,rect);
        else                            //窗体从系统区滑出
          DrawAnimatedRects(GetSafeHwnd(),IDANI_CAPTION,rect,rcWnd);
    }
}

用法如下：
if(IsWindowVisible())                 //窗体是否已隐藏
{
    ShowWindow(SW_HIDE);           //先隐藏窗体
    WinAnimation(true);                 //窗体动画滑入到系统区中 
}
else
{
WinAnimation(false);         //窗体动画从系统区滑出 
    ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
}

11.    如何判断当前操作系统的版本
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------
//判断操作系统涵数及变量，jingzhou xu
typedef enum tagWin32SysType{
    Windows32s,
    WindowsNT3,
    Windows95,
    Windows98,
    WindowsME,
    WindowsNT4,
    Windows2000,
    WindowsXP
}Win32SysType;

//判断操作系统涵数及变量，jingzhou xu
Win32SysType IsShellSysType()
{
    Win32SysType  ShellType;
    DWORD winVer;
    OSVERSIONINFO *osvi;
    
    winVer=GetVersion();
    if(winVer<0x80000000){/*NT */
        ShellType=WindowsNT3;
        osvi= (OSVERSIONINFO *)malloc(sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
        if (osvi!=NULL){
            memset(osvi,0,sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
            osvi->dwOSVersionInfoSize=sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
            GetVersionEx(osvi);
            if(osvi->dwMajorVersion==4L)ShellType=WindowsNT4;
            else if(osvi->dwMajorVersion==5L&&osvi->dwMinorVersion==0L)ShellTy
pe=Windows2000;
            else if(osvi->dwMajorVersion==5L&&osvi->dwMinorVersion==1L)ShellTy
pe=WindowsXP;
            free(osvi);
        }
    }
    else if  (LOBYTE(LOWORD(winVer))<4)
        ShellType=Windows32s;
    else{
        ShellType=Windows95;
        osvi= (OSVERSIONINFO *)malloc(sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
        if (osvi!=NULL){
            memset(osvi,0,sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
            osvi->dwOSVersionInfoSize=sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
            GetVersionEx(osvi);
            if(osvi->dwMajorVersion==4L&&osvi->dwMinorVersion==10L)ShellType=W
indows98;
            else if(osvi->dwMajorVersion==4L&&osvi->dwMinorVersion==90L)ShellT
ype=WindowsME;
            free(osvi);
        }
    }

    return ShellType;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------

12.    如何在指定矩形框内水平/垂直显示多行文字
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//说明：
//  在矩形框中水平或垂直显示多行文字，jingzhou xu.
//  lMode: 排列方式，0:水平方式; 1:垂直对齐    
//  lHori: 水平对齐方式, 0:左对齐; 1:居中; 2:右对齐; 3：自定义
//  lVert: 垂直对齐方式, 0:顶对齐; 1:居中; 2:底对齐; 3：自定义
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CRect DrawTitleInRect(CDC *pDC, CString szString, LPRECT lpRect, long lMode, l
ong lHori, long lVert)
{
    TEXTMETRIC tm;
    pDC->GetTextMetrics(&tm);
    int tmpWidth=tm.tmAveCharWidth, tmpHeight=tm.tmHeight;

    CRect rcInner(lpRect);
    if(lMode==0)
    {
        rcInner.left+=tmpWidth;
        rcInner.right-=tmpWidth;
        rcInner.top-=tmpWidth;
        rcInner.bottom+=tmpWidth;
    }
    if(lMode==1)
    {
        rcInner.left+=tmpWidth;
        rcInner.right=rcInner.left+tmpWidth;
        rcInner.top-=tmpWidth;
        rcInner.bottom+=tmpWidth;
    }

    pDC->DrawText(szString, rcInner,DT_CALCRECT);

    switch(lHori)
    {
    case 0:
        break;
    case 1:
        {
            long xOutCent=(lpRect->right+lpRect->left)/2;
            long xInnCent=(rcInner.right+rcInner.left)/2;
            rcInner.left+=(xOutCent-xInnCent);
            rcInner.right+=(xOutCent-xInnCent);
        }
        break;
    case 2:
        {
            long lInWidth=rcInner.right-rcInner.left;
            rcInner.right=lpRect->right-tmpWidth;
            rcInner.left=rcInner.right-lInWidth;
        }
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }
    
    switch(lVert)
    {
    case 0:
        break;
    case 1:
        {
            long yOutCent=(lpRect->bottom+lpRect->top)/2;
            long yInnCent=(rcInner.bottom+rcInner.top)/2;
            rcInner.top-=(yInnCent-yOutCent);
            rcInner.bottom-=(yInnCent-yOutCent);
        }
        break;
    case 2:
        {
            long lInHeigh=rcInner.top-rcInner.bottom;
            rcInner.bottom=lpRect->bottom+tmpWidth;
            rcInner.top=rcInner.bottom+lInHeigh;
        }
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------
    //功能：根据新、老矩形，重新计算行数，使文字多行显示,jingzhou xu
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------
    //一行中最大字符数
    int nMaxLineChar = abs(lpRect->right - lpRect->left) / tmpWidth ;       

    //记录当前行的宽度
    short theLineLength=0; 
    //记录当前行中汉字字节数，以防止将一半汉字分为两行
    unsigned short halfChinese=0;

    for(int i=0; i<=szString.GetLength()-1; i++)
    {
        if(((unsigned char)szString.GetAt(i) == 0x0d) && ((unsigned char)szStr
ing.GetAt(i+1) == 0x0a))
            theLineLength=0;

        //大于0xa1的字节为汉字字节
        if((unsigned char)szString.GetAt(i) >= 0xA1)
            halfChinese++;
        theLineLength++;

        //如果行宽大于每行最大宽度，进行特殊处理
        if(theLineLength > nMaxLineChar)
        {
            //防止将一个汉字分为两行，回溯
            if(halfChinese%2)
            {
                szString.Insert(i,(unsigned char)0x0a);
                szString.Insert(i,(unsigned char)0x0d);
            }
            else
            {
                szString.Insert(i-1,(unsigned char)0x0a);
                szString.Insert(i-1,(unsigned char)0x0d);
            }
            
            theLineLength = 0;
        }
    }

    //重新计算矩形边界范围
//    int tmpLine = int(abs(szString.GetLength()*tmpWidth / abs(lpRect->right 
- lpRect->left)-0.5));
//    tmpLine += (szString.GetLength()*tmpWidth % abs(lpRect->right - lpRect->
left))? 1 : 0;
//    if(tmpLine == 0)
//        tmpLine = 1;
    if(rcInner.bottom > lpRect->bottom)
        rcInner.bottom = lpRect->bottom;
    if(rcInner.top < lpRect->top)
        rcInner.top = lpRect->top;

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------

    if(lHori==0)
        pDC->DrawText(szString, rcInner, DT_WORDBREAK|DT_LEFT);
    else if(lHori==1)
        pDC->DrawText(szString, rcInner, DT_WORDBREAK|DT_CENTER);
    else if(lHori==2)
        pDC->DrawText(szString, rcInner, DT_WORDBREAK|DT_RIGHT);

    return rcInner;
}

13.    如何在指定矩形中旋转显示文字
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//说明：
//  在矩形框中旋转方式显示文字，jingzhou xu
//参数：     
//  pDC:        DC指针
//  str:        显示文字
//  rect:        显示范围
//  angle:        旋转角度
//    nOptions:    ExtTextOut()中相应设置<ETO_CLIPPED 和 ETO_OPAQUE>
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void DrawRotatedText(CDC* pDC, const CString str, CRect rect, 
                     double angle, UINT nOptions)
{
   //按比例转换角度值
   double pi = 3.141592654;
   double radian = pi * 2 / 360 * angle;

   //获取显示文字中心点
   CSize TextSize = pDC->GetTextExtent(str);
   CPoint center;
   center.x = TextSize.cx / 2;
   center.y = TextSize.cy / 2;

   //计算显示文字新的中心点
   CPoint rcenter;
   rcenter.x = long(cos(radian) * center.x - sin(radian) * center.y);
   rcenter.y = long(sin(radian) * center.x + cos(radian) * center.y);

   //绘制文字
   pDC->SetTextAlign(TA_BASELINE);
   pDC->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);
   pDC->ExtTextOut(rect.left + rect.Width() / 2 - rcenter.x, 
                   rect.top + rect.Height() / 2 + rcenter.y,
                   nOptions, rect, str, NULL);
}

14.    如何将32 x 32像素图标转换为16 x 16像素值的图标
HICON Convert32x32IconTo16x16(HICON h32x32Icon)
{
  HDC hMainDC, hMemDC1, hMemDC2;
  HICON h16x16Icon;
  BITMAP bmp;
  HBITMAP hOldBmp1, hOldBmp2;
  ICONINFO IconInfo32x32, IconInfo16x16;

  GetIconInfo(h32x32Icon, &IconInfo32x32);

  hMainDC = ::GetDC(m_hWnd);
  hMemDC1 = CreateCompatibleDC(hMainDC);
  hMemDC2 = CreateCompatibleDC(hMainDC);

  GetObject(IconInfo32x32.hbmColor, sizeof(BITMAP), &bmp);

  IconInfo16x16.hbmColor = CreateBitmap( 16, 16, 
                                         bmp.bmPlanes,
                                         bmp.bmBitsPixel,
                                         NULL);

  hOldBmp1 = (HBITMAP) SelectObject( hMemDC1, 
                                     IconInfo32x32.hbmColor);
  hOldBmp2 = (HBITMAP) SelectObject( hMemDC2,
                                     IconInfo16x16.hbmColor);

  StretchBlt(hMemDC2,
       0, 0,
       16, 16,
       hMemDC1,
       0, 0,
       32, 32,
       SRCCOPY
       );

  GetObject(IconInfo32x32.hbmMask, sizeof(BITMAP), &bmp);

  IconInfo16x16.hbmMask = CreateBitmap( 16, 16, 
                                        bmp.bmPlanes, 
                                        bmp.bmBitsPixel,
                                        NULL);

  SelectObject(hMemDC1, IconInfo32x32.hbmMask);
  SelectObject(hMemDC2, IconInfo16x16.hbmMask);

  StretchBlt(hMemDC2,
             0, 0,
             16, 16,
             hMemDC1,
             0, 0,
             32, 32,
             SRCCOPY
       );

  SelectObject(hMemDC1, hOldBmp1);
  SelectObject(hMemDC2, hOldBmp2);

  IconInfo16x16.fIcon = TRUE;
  h16x16Icon = CreateIconIndirect(&IconInfo16x16);

  DeleteObject(IconInfo32x32.hbmColor);
  DeleteObject(IconInfo16x16.hbmColor);
  DeleteObject(IconInfo32x32.hbmMask);
  DeleteObject(IconInfo16x16.hbmMask);
  DeleteDC(hMemDC1);
  DeleteDC(hMemDC2);
  ::ReleaseDC(m_hWnd, hMainDC);

  return h16x16Icon;
}

15.    如何建立一个灰度级图标
HICON CreateGrayscaleIcon(HICON hIcon)
{
  HICON       hGrayIcon = NULL;
  HDC         hMainDC = NULL, 
              hMemDC1 = NULL, 
              hMemDC2 = NULL;
  BITMAP      bmp;
  HBITMAP     hOldBmp1 = NULL,
              hOldBmp2 = NULL;
  ICONINFO    csII, csGrayII;
  BOOL        bRetValue = FALSE;

  bRetValue = ::GetIconInfo(hIcon, &csII);
  if (bRetValue == FALSE) return NULL;

  hMainDC = ::GetDC(m_hWnd);
  hMemDC1 = ::CreateCompatibleDC(hMainDC);
  hMemDC2 = ::CreateCompatibleDC(hMainDC);
  if (hMainDC == NULL || 
    hMemDC1 == NULL ||
    hMemDC2 == NULL) 
      return NULL;

  if (::GetObject(csII.hbmColor, 
                sizeof(BITMAP), &
                amp;bmp))
  {
    csGrayII.hbmColor = 
         ::CreateBitmap(csII.xHotspot*2,
                        csII.yHotspot*2, 
                        bmp.bmPlanes, 
                        bmp.bmBitsPixel, 
                        NULL);
    if (csGrayII.hbmColor)
    {
      hOldBmp1 =
         (HBITMAP)::SelectObject(hMemDC1,
                                 csII.hbmColor);
      hOldBmp2 = 
         (HBITMAP)::SelectObject(hMemDC2,
                                 csGrayII.hbmColor);

      ::BitBlt(hMemDC2, 0, 0, csII.xHotspot*2,
               csII.yHotspot*2, hMemDC1, 0, 0,
               SRCCOPY);

      DWORD    dwLoopY = 0, dwLoopX = 0;
      COLORREF crPixel = 0;
      BYTE     byNewPixel = 0;

      for (dwLoopY = 0; dwLoopY < csII.yHotspot*2; dwLoopY++)
      {
        for (dwLoopX = 0; dwLoopX < csII.xHotspot*2; dwLoopX++)
        {
          crPixel = ::GetPixel(hMemDC2, dwLoopX, dwLoopY);

          byNewPixel = (BYTE)((GetRValue(crPixel) * 0.299) +
               (GetGValue(crPixel) * 0.587) +
               (GetBValue(crPixel) * 0.114));
          if (crPixel) ::SetPixel(hMemDC2,
                                  dwLoopX,
                                  dwLoopY,
                                  RGB(byNewPixel,
                                  byNewPixel,
                                  byNewPixel));
        } // for
      } // for

      ::SelectObject(hMemDC1, hOldBmp1);
      ::SelectObject(hMemDC2, hOldBmp2);

      csGrayII.hbmMask = csII.hbmMask;

      csGrayII.fIcon = TRUE;
      hGrayIcon = ::CreateIconIndirect(&csGrayII);
    } // if

    ::DeleteObject(csGrayII.hbmColor);
    //::DeleteObject(csGrayII.hbmMask);
  } // if

  ::DeleteObject(csII.hbmColor);
  ::DeleteObject(csII.hbmMask);
  ::DeleteDC(hMemDC1);
  ::DeleteDC(hMemDC2);
  ::ReleaseDC(m_hWnd, hMainDC);

  return hGrayIcon;
}

16.    如何按指定角度旋转显示内存位图(用法和BitBlt类似)
void RotBlt(HDC destDC, int srcx1, int srcy1, int srcx2, int srcy2,
  HDC srcDC , int destx1, int desty1 ,int thetaInDegrees ,DWORD mode)
{
  double theta = thetaInDegrees * (3.14159/180);

  //原图像原始大小
  int width = srcx2 - srcx1;
  int height = srcy2 - srcy1;

  //原图像中心点
  int centreX = int(float(srcx2 + srcx1)/2);
  int centreY = int(float(srcy2 + srcy1)/2);

  //判断出图像可以沿任意方向旋转的矩形框
  if(width>height)height = width;
  else
    width = height;

  HDC memDC = CreateCompatibleDC(destDC);
  HBITMAP memBmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(destDC, width, height);

  HBITMAP obmp = (HBITMAP) SelectObject(memDC, memBmp);

  //内存DC新在中心点
  int newCentre = int(float(width)/2);

  //开始旋转
  for(int x = srcx1; x<=srcx2; x++)
    for(int y = srcy1; y<=srcy2; y++)
    {
      COLORREF col = GetPixel(srcDC,x,y);

      int newX = int((x-centreX)*sin(theta)+(y-centreY)*cos(theta));
      int newY = int((x-centreX)*cos(theta)-(y-centreY)*sin(theta));

      SetPixel(memDC , newX + newCentre, newY + newCentre, col);
    }

  //复制到目标DC上
  BitBlt(destDC, destx1, desty1, width, height, memDC, 0,0,mode);

  //释放内存
  SelectObject(memDC, obmp);

  DeleteDC(memDC);
  DeleteObject(memBmp);
}

用法：
RotBlt(dc, 0,0,150,150,memDC,200,0, 45, SRCCOPY);

17.    如何将指定的窗体，以位图形式复制到系统剪切板上
void CScreenSnapDlg::toClipboard_Bio(CWnd * wnd, BOOL FullWnd)
{
     CDC *dc;
     if(FullWnd)
        { /* 抓取整个窗口 */
         dc = new CWindowDC(wnd);
        } /* 抓取整个窗口 */
     else
        { /* 仅抓取客户区时 */
         dc = new CClientDC(wnd);
        } /* 仅抓取客户区时 */

     CDC memDC;
     memDC.CreateCompatibleDC(dc);

     CBitmap bm;
     CRect r;
     if(FullWnd)
        wnd->GetWindowRect(&r);
     else
         wnd->GetClientRect(&r);

     CString s;
     wnd->GetWindowText(s);
     CSize sz(r.Width(), r.Height());
     bm.CreateCompatibleBitmap(dc, sz.cx, sz.cy);
     CBitmap * oldbm = memDC.SelectObject(&bm);
     memDC.BitBlt(0, 0, sz.cx, sz.cy, dc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

     //直接调用OpenClipboard()，而不用wnd->GetParent()->OpenClipboard();
     wnd->OpenClipboard();

     ::EmptyClipboard();
     ::SetClipboardData(CF_BITMAP, bm.m_hObject);
     CloseClipboard();

     //恢复原始环境
     memDC.SelectObject(oldbm);
     bm.Detach(); 

     delete dc;
}

18.    如何替换HBITMAP中的颜色值
#define COLORREF2RGB(Color) (Color & 0xff00) | ((Color >> 16) & 0xff) \
                                             | ((Color << 16) & 0xff0000)

HBITMAP ReplaceColor (HBITMAP hBmp,COLORREF cOldColor,COLORREF cNewColor)
{
    HBITMAP RetBmp=NULL;
    if (hBmp)
    {    
        HDC BufferDC=CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);        // 源位图DC
        if (BufferDC)
        {
            SelectObject(BufferDC,hBmp);    　    // 选入DC中
            
            HDC DirectDC=CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);      // 目标DC
            if (DirectDC)
            {
                // 获取源位图大小
                BITMAP bm;
                GetObject(hBmp, sizeof(bm), &bm);
                
                // 初始化BITMAPINFO信息，以便使用CreateDIBSection
                BITMAPINFO RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO; 
                ZeroMemory(&RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO,sizeof(BITMAPINFO));
                RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO.bmiHeader.biSize=sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);

                RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO.bmiHeader.biWidth=bm.bmWidth;
                RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO.bmiHeader.biHeight=bm.bmHeight;
                RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO.bmiHeader.biPlanes=1;
                RGB32BitsBITMAPINFO.bmiHeader.biBitCount=32;
                UINT * ptPixels;   

                HBITMAP DirectBitmap= CreateDIBSection(DirectDC,
                                              (BITMAPINFO *)&RGB32BitsBITMAPIN
FO, 
                                              DIB_RGB_COLORS,(void **)&ptPixel
s, NULL, 0);
                if (DirectBitmap)
                {
                    HGDIOBJ PreviousObject=SelectObject(DirectDC, DirectBitmap
);
                    BitBlt(DirectDC,0,0,bm.bmWidth,bm.bmHeight,BufferDC,0,0,SR
CCOPY);

                    // 转换 COLORREF 为 RGB
                    cOldColor=COLORREF2RGB(cOldColor);
                    cNewColor=COLORREF2RGB(cNewColor);

                    // 替换颜色
                    for (int i=((bm.bmWidth*bm.bmHeight)-1);i>=0;i--)
                    {
                        if (ptPixels[i]==cOldColor) ptPixels[i]=cNewColor;
                    }
                    
                    // 修改位图 DirectBitmap
                    SelectObject(DirectDC,PreviousObject);
                    
                    // 完成
                    RetBmp=DirectBitmap;
                }
                // 释放DC
                DeleteDC(DirectDC);
            }
            // 释放DC
            DeleteDC(BufferDC);
        }
    }
    return RetBmp;
}

用法：
HBITMAP hBmp2 = LoadBitmap(g_hinstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_SAMPLEBITMAP));
HBITMAP hBmp = ReplaceColor(hBmp2,0xff0000,0x00ff00); // 替换蓝色为绿色

......

DeleteObject(hBmp2);
DeleteObject(hBmp);

19.    如何转换并保存位图
//****************************************************************************
****
//* 名称：DDBToDIB
//* 作者：徐景周([email protected])
//* 功能：设备相关转换为设备无关位图
//****************************************************************************
****
HANDLE CScreenSnapDlg::DDBToDIB( CBitmap& bitmap, DWORD dwCompression /* = BI_
RGB */) 
{
    BITMAP                bm;
    BITMAPINFOHEADER    bi;
    LPBITMAPINFOHEADER  lpbi;
    DWORD                dwLen;
    HANDLE                hDIB;
    HANDLE                handle;
    HDC                    hDC;
    HPALETTE            hPal;

    CWindowDC            dc( this );
    CPalette            pal;
    //如果支持调色板的话，则建立它
    if( dc.GetDeviceCaps( RASTERCAPS ) & RC_PALETTE )
    {
        UINT        nSize   = sizeof(LOGPALETTE) + ( sizeof(PALETTEENTRY) * 25
6 );
        LOGPALETTE* pLP     = (LOGPALETTE*)new BYTE[nSize];
        pLP->palVersion     = 0x300;
        pLP->palNumEntries = (unsigned short)GetSystemPaletteEntries( dc, 0, 2
55, 
        pLP->palPalEntry );

        pal.CreatePalette( pLP );

        //释放
        delete[] pLP;
    }

    ASSERT( bitmap.GetSafeHandle() );

    //不支持BI_BITFIELDS类型
    if( dwCompression == BI_BITFIELDS )
        return NULL;

    //如果调色板为空，则用默认调色板
    hPal = (HPALETTE) pal.GetSafeHandle();
    if (hPal==NULL)
        hPal = (HPALETTE) GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE);

    //获取位图信息
    bitmap.GetObject(sizeof(bm),(LPSTR)&bm);

    //初始化位图信息头
    bi.biSize        = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
    bi.biWidth        = bm.bmWidth;
    bi.biHeight         = bm.bmHeight;
    bi.biPlanes         = 1;
    bi.biBitCount        = (unsigned short)(bm.bmPlanes * bm.bmBitsPixel) ;
    bi.biCompression    = dwCompression;
    bi.biSizeImage        = 0;
    bi.biXPelsPerMeter    = 0;
    bi.biYPelsPerMeter    = 0;
    bi.biClrUsed        = 0;
    bi.biClrImportant    = 0;

    //计算信息头及颜色表大小
    int nColors = 0;
    if(bi.biBitCount <= 8)
        {
        nColors = (1 << bi.biBitCount);
        }
    dwLen  = bi.biSize + nColors * sizeof(RGBQUAD);

    hDC = ::GetDC(NULL);
    hPal = SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
    RealizePalette(hDC);

    //为信息头及颜色表分配内存
    hDIB = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_FIXED,dwLen);

    if (!hDIB){
        SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
        ::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
        return NULL;
    }

    lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)GlobalLock(hDIB);

    *lpbi = bi;

    //调用 GetDIBits 计算图像大小
    GetDIBits(hDC, (HBITMAP)bitmap.GetSafeHandle(), 0L, (DWORD)bi.biHeight,
            (LPBYTE)NULL, (LPBITMAPINFO)lpbi, (DWORD)DIB_RGB_COLORS);

    bi = *lpbi;

    //图像的每一行都对齐(32bit)边界
    if (bi.biSizeImage == 0){
        bi.biSizeImage = ((((bi.biWidth * bi.biBitCount) + 31) & ~31) / 8) 
                        * bi.biHeight;

        if (dwCompression != BI_RGB)
            bi.biSizeImage = (bi.biSizeImage * 3) / 2;
    }

    //重新分配内存大小，以便放下所有数据
    dwLen += bi.biSizeImage;
    handle = GlobalReAlloc(hDIB, dwLen, GMEM_MOVEABLE) ;
    if (handle != NULL)
        hDIB = handle;
    else
        {
        GlobalFree(hDIB);

        //重选原始调色板
        SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
        ::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
        return NULL;
        }

    //获取位图数据
    lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)hDIB;

    //最终获得的DIB
    BOOL bGotBits = GetDIBits( hDC, (HBITMAP)bitmap.GetSafeHandle(),
                0L,                      //扫描行起始处
                (DWORD)bi.biHeight,      //扫描行数
                (LPBYTE)lpbi             //位图数据地址
                + (bi.biSize + nColors * sizeof(RGBQUAD)),
                (LPBITMAPINFO)lpbi,      //位图信息地址
                (DWORD)DIB_RGB_COLORS);  //颜色板使用RGB

    if( !bGotBits )
    {
        GlobalFree(hDIB);
        
        SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
        ::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
        return NULL;
    }

    SelectPalette(hDC,hPal,FALSE);
    ::ReleaseDC(NULL,hDC);
    return hDIB;
}

//****************************************************************************
****
//* 名称：SaveBitmapToFile
//* 修改：徐景周([email protected])
//* 功能：保存为位图文件
//****************************************************************************
****
BOOL CScreenSnapDlg::SaveBitmapToFile(HBITMAP hBitmap , CString lpFileName) 
{         
    HDC                hDC;                            //设备描述表  
    int                iBits;                            //当前显示分辨率下每个
像素所占字节数
    WORD            wBitCount;                        //位图中每个像素所占字节
数
    DWORD           dwPaletteSize=0,                //定义调色板大小， 位图中像
素字节大小 ，位图文件大小 ， 写入文件字节数
                    dwBmBitsSize,
                    dwDIBSize, dwWritten;
    BITMAP          Bitmap;        
    BITMAPFILEHEADER   bmfHdr;                        //位图属性结构    
    BITMAPINFOHEADER   bi;                            //位图文件头结构      

    LPBITMAPINFOHEADER lpbi;                        //位图信息头结构     
    HANDLE          fh, hDib, hPal,hOldPal=NULL;    //指向位图信息头结构,定义文
件，分配内存句柄，调色板句柄
  
   //计算位图文件每个像素所占字节数
   hDC = CreateDC("DISPLAY",NULL,NULL,NULL);
   iBits = GetDeviceCaps(hDC, BITSPIXEL) * 
   GetDeviceCaps(hDC, PLANES);
   DeleteDC(hDC);
   if (iBits <= 1)
      wBitCount = 1;
   else if (iBits <= 4)
      wBitCount = 4;
   else if (iBits <= 8)
      wBitCount = 8;
   else if (iBits <= 24)
      wBitCount = 24;
   //计算调色板大小
   if (wBitCount <= 8)
      dwPaletteSize = (1 << wBitCount) *sizeof(RGBQUAD);
   
   //设置位图信息头结构
   GetObject(hBitmap, sizeof(BITMAP), (LPSTR)&Bitmap);
   bi.biSize            = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
   bi.biWidth           = Bitmap.bmWidth;
   bi.biHeight          = Bitmap.bmHeight;
   bi.biPlanes          = 1;
   bi.biBitCount         = wBitCount;
   bi.biCompression      = BI_RGB;
   bi.biSizeImage        = 0;
   bi.biXPelsPerMeter     = 0;
   bi.biYPelsPerMeter     = 0;
   bi.biClrUsed         = 0;
   bi.biClrImportant      = 0;

   dwBmBitsSize = ((Bitmap.bmWidth *
    wBitCount+31)/32)* 4
     *Bitmap.bmHeight ;

   //为位图内容分配内存
   hDib  = GlobalAlloc(GHND,dwBmBitsSize+
    dwPaletteSize+sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
   lpbi = (LPBITMAPINFOHEADER)GlobalLock(hDib);
   *lpbi = bi;

   // 处理调色板   
   hPal = GetStockObject(DEFAULT_PALETTE);
   if (hPal)
   {
       hDC  = ::GetDC(NULL);
       hOldPal = SelectPalette(hDC, (HPALETTE)hPal, FALSE);
       RealizePalette(hDC);
   }

   // 获取该调色板下新的像素值
   GetDIBits(hDC, hBitmap, 0, (UINT) Bitmap.bmHeight,
     (LPSTR)lpbi + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+dwPaletteSize,
     (LPBITMAPINFO)lpbi, DIB_RGB_COLORS);

   //恢复调色板   
   if (hOldPal)
   {
      SelectPalette(hDC, (HPALETTE)hOldPal, TRUE);
      RealizePalette(hDC);
      ::ReleaseDC(NULL, hDC);
   }

   //创建位图文件    
    fh = CreateFile(lpFileName, GENERIC_WRITE, 
         0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS,
         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN, NULL);

   if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
      return FALSE;

   // 设置位图文件头
   bmfHdr.bfType = 0x4D42;  // "BM"
   dwDIBSize    = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + dwPale
tteSize + dwBmBitsSize;  
   bmfHdr.bfSize = dwDIBSize;
   bmfHdr.bfReserved1 = 0;
   bmfHdr.bfReserved2 = 0;
   bmfHdr.bfOffBits = (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) 
      + (DWORD)sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)
     + dwPaletteSize;

   // 写入位图文件头
   WriteFile(fh, (LPSTR)&bmfHdr, sizeof
    (BITMAPFILEHEADER), &dwWritten, NULL);
   // 写入位图文件其余内容
   WriteFile(fh, (LPSTR)lpbi, dwDIBSize, 
   &dwWritten, NULL);

   //消除内存分配  
   GlobalUnlock(hDib);
   GlobalFree(hDib);
   CloseHandle(fh);

   return TRUE;
}

20.    如何获取局域网上计算机名及它们的IP地址
l    连接ws2_32.lib和 mpr.lib库
l    #include winsock2.h
CString strTemp;
struct hostent *host;

struct in_addr *ptr; // 检索IP地址

DWORD dwScope = RESOURCE_CONTEXT;
NETRESOURCE *NetResource = NULL;
HANDLE hEnum;
WNetOpenEnum( dwScope, NULL, NULL, 
             NULL, &hEnum );

WSADATA wsaData;
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&wsaData);

if ( hEnum )
{
    DWORD Count = 0xFFFFFFFF;
    DWORD BufferSize = 2048;
    LPVOID Buffer = new char[2048];
    WNetEnumResource( hEnum, &Count, 
        Buffer, &BufferSize );
    NetResource = (NETRESOURCE*)Buffer;

    char szHostName[200];
    unsigned int i;

    for ( i = 0; 
        i < BufferSize/sizeof(NETRESOURCE); 
        i++, NetResource++ )
    {
        if ( NetResource->dwUsage == 
            RESOURCEUSAGE_CONTAINER && 
            NetResource->dwType == 
            RESOURCETYPE_ANY )
        {
            if ( NetResource->lpRemoteName )
            {
                CString strFullName = 
                    NetResource->lpRemoteName;
                if ( 0 == 
                    strFullName.Left(2).Compare("\\") )   
                    strFullName = 
                        strFullName.Right(
                            strFullName.GetLength()-2);

                gethostname( szHostName, 
                    strlen( szHostName ) );
                host = gethostbyname(strFullName);

                if(host == NULL) continue; 
                ptr = (struct in_addr *) 
                    host->h_addr_list[0];                   

                // =. 分隔开IP:211.40.35.76.             
                int a = ptr->S_un.S_un_b.s_b1;  // 211           
                int b = ptr->S_un.S_un_b.s_b2;  // 40
                int c = ptr->S_un.S_un_b.s_b3;  // 35
                int d = ptr->S_un.S_un_b.s_b4;  // 76

                strTemp.Format("%s -->  %d.%d.%d.%d",
                    strFullName,a,b,c,d);
                AfxMessageBox(strTemp);
            }
        }
    }

    delete Buffer;
    WNetCloseEnum( hEnum ); 
}

WSACleanup();