[转] VB.Net的ByVal和ByRef --ByVal时的浅拷贝和深拷贝

VB.Net的ByVal和ByRef --ByVal时的浅拷贝和深拷贝,关键词是VB,B.,.N,Ne,et,t的,的B,By,yV,Va,al,l和,和 B,By,yR,Re,ef,f-,--,-B,By,yV,Va,al,l时,时的,的浅,浅拷,拷贝,贝和,和深,深拷,拷贝,贝, 初学VB.Net ,总结一下ByVal和ByRef

1 通过ByVal传递的变量,VB.Net会复制与源值相等的一个新的变量。而ByRef则相当于引用。
例如我们学习C的时候得Swap()函数


Imports System
'Test that Can't Swap A and B
Class MyApp
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim A As Integer = 0
Dim B As Integer = 1
Console.writeline("Source: A" & A & "B"& B)
FakeSwap(A,B) ' After this FakeSwap(A,B), A still is 0 and B still is 1
Console.writeline("After fakeSwap: A" & A & "B"& B)
Swap(A,B) ' After this Swap(A,B), A is 1 and B is 0
Console.writeline("After Swap: A" & A & "B"& B)
End Sub

' Fake Swap Function:FakeSwap()
Shared Sub FakeSwap(ByVal InA As Integer, ByVal InB As Integer)
Dim Tmp As Integer
Tmp = InA
InA = InB
InB = Tmp
End Sub
' Real Swap Function :Swap()
Shared Sub Swap(ByRef InA As Integer, ByRef InB As Integer)
Dim Tmp As Integer
Tmp = InA
InA = InB
InB = Tmp
End Sub
End Class




2 注意的是: 如果ByVal传递的是自定义的类的一个实例,被复制的只是该实例的引用,引用所指向的资源并没有被复制。--相当于C++中的浅拷贝。


Imports System

' 类A的实例MyA作为函数 TestA(ByVal InA As A)的参数,结果应该是
' --按值传递为浅拷贝,只是复制了一份引用--A的实例MyA和 InA共享一个资源
Class MyApp
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim MyA As A
Console.writeline("The Original Resource of MyA is: " & MyA.Resource)
' Call TestA()
TestA(MyA)
Console.writeline("After call the ByVal fun , the resource of MyA is: " & MyA.Resource)
End Sub
' 函数TestA() 将MyA按值传递进去为InA 修改InA的Resource ,实际上修改的也是MyA的Resource
Shared Sub TestA(ByVal InA As A)
InA.Resource = 1
End Sub
End Class

' 类A 有资源 resource (integer)
Class A
Public Resource As Integer = 0
End Class




3 如果想实现类的实例(不是引用)的“按值“传递(深拷贝),则必须Overridde Clone()方法 ?还是专门有拷贝构造函数?
方法一:
<Serializable>_
Class ABC
xxx
End Class

然后用MemoryStream和BinaryFormatter(StreamContext要用File类型的),这样绝对是深拷贝。但是如何实现C++中的“拷贝构造”呢?

 


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