linux命令的oracle运用（一） .
1 dd
2 diff
模拟物理坏块
- <SPAN xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
- no rows selected
- SQL> select * from v$backup_corruption;
- no rows selected
- SQL> select * from v$copy_corruption;
- no rows selected
- SQL> create tablespace physical_corrupt datafile size 10m autoextend on;
- Tablespace created.
- SQL> conn hr/hr
- Connected.
- SQL> create table tt (i int) tablespace physical_corrupt;
- Table created.
- SQL> insert into tt values(1);
- 1 row created.
- SQL> insert into tt values(2);
- 1 row created.
- SQL> commit;
- Commit complete.
- SQL> select tt.*,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) from tt;
- I DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(ROWID)
- ---------- ------------------------------------
- 1 15
- 2 15
- SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='PHYSICAL_CORRUPT';
- TABLESPACE_NAME
- ------------------------------
- FILE_NAME
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- PHYSICAL_CORRUPT
- /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf
- [oracle@Think ~]$ dd of=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=15 <<!
- > my name is think
- > !
- 0+1 records in
- 0+1 records out
- 17 bytes (17 B) copied, 9.9193e-05 s, 171 kB/s
- 用rman向oracle注册，报告填充v$database_block_corruption
- RMAN> backup validate tablespace physical_corrupt;
- Starting backup at 24-OCT-12
- using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
- allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=140 devtype=DISK
- channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
- channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
- input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
- Finished backup at 24-OCT-12
- SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
- FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO
- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------
- 6 15 1 0 CORRUPT
- SQL> select * from tt;
- select * from tt
- *
- ERROR at line 1:
- ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 15)
- ORA-01110: data file 6:
- '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf'</SPAN>
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
no rows selected
SQL> select * from v$backup_corruption;
no rows selected
SQL> select * from v$copy_corruption;
no rows selected
SQL> create tablespace physical_corrupt datafile size 10m autoextend on;
Tablespace created.
SQL> conn hr/hr
Connected.
SQL> create table tt (i int) tablespace physical_corrupt;
Table created.
SQL> insert into tt values(1);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into tt values(2);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select tt.*,dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) from tt;
I DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(ROWID)
---------- ------------------------------------
1 15
2 15
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='PHYSICAL_CORRUPT';
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PHYSICAL_CORRUPT
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf
[oracle@Think ~]$ dd of=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=15 <<!
> my name is think
> !
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
17 bytes (17 B) copied, 9.9193e-05 s, 171 kB/s
用rman向oracle注册，报告填充v$database_block_corruption
RMAN> backup validate tablespace physical_corrupt;
Starting backup at 24-OCT-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=140 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 24-OCT-12
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ ---------
6 15 1 0 CORRUPT
SQL> select * from tt;
select * from tt
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 6, block # 15)
ORA-01110: data file 6:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_physical_88gkb4l9_.dbf'
2 diff
逐行比较两个文本文件，列出差异行
通常的输出格式：
n1 a n2
n1 c n2
n1 d n2
字母(a、d和c)之前的行号(n1)是针对file1的，其后面的行号(n2)是针对file2的。
字母a、d和c分别表示附加、删除和修改操作。
以”<”打头的行属于第一个文件，以”>”打头的行属于第二个文件。
例如：
- <SPAN xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">[oracle@Think udump]$ diff orcl_ora_18900.trc orcl_ora_19032.trc
- 1c1
- < /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_18900.trc
- ---
- > /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_19032.trc
- 11,13c11,13
- < Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>
- < Oracle process number: 0
- < Unix process pid: 18900, image: oracle@Think
- ---
- > Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
- > Oracle process number: 17
- > Unix process pid: 19032, image: oracle@Think (TNS V1-V3)
- 15,17c15,19
- < KCCDEBUG_LEVEL = 0
- < Dynamic strand is set to TRUE
- < Running with 2 shared and 18 private strand(s). Zero-copy redo is FALSE
- ---
- > *** 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
- > *** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
- > *** SESSION ID:(155.108) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
- > kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.ORDERS_QUEUETABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing
- > kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.STREAMS_QUEUE_TABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing </SPAN>
[oracle@Think udump]$ diff orcl_ora_18900.trc orcl_ora_19032.trc
1c1
< /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_18900.trc
---
> /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_19032.trc
11,13c11,13
< Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>
< Oracle process number: 0
< Unix process pid: 18900, image: oracle@Think
---
> Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
> Oracle process number: 17
> Unix process pid: 19032, image: oracle@Think (TNS V1-V3)
15,17c15,19
< KCCDEBUG_LEVEL = 0
< Dynamic strand is set to TRUE
< Running with 2 shared and 18 private strand(s). Zero-copy redo is FALSE
---
> *** 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
> *** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
> *** SESSION ID:(155.108) 2012-10-23 20:37:12.033
> kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.ORDERS_QUEUETABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing
> kwqalqt2: Warning !! queue table IX.STREAMS_QUEUE_TABLE exits, entry in system.aq$_queue_tables missing
3 watch
监测一个命令的运行结果，并且动态刷新
-n：指定时间间隔，缺省是2秒
-d：高亮显示变化的区域
ctrl+c退出
例如：
[oracle@Think udump]$ watch -n 1 -d du -sh /u01/app/oracle/admin
4 tail
tail -f filename
文件最尾部的内容显示在屏幕上，并且不断刷新，是你看到最新的内容。