答:下面的语句的结果会显示服务器的版本和当前的数据库名称
mysql> SELECT VERSION(), DATABASE();
+-------------------------+------------+
| VERSION() | DATABASE() |
+-------------------------+------------+
| 5.5.34-0ubuntu0.13.10.1 | NULL |
+-------------------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
在Database一列中显示NULL是因为我们当前没有选择任何数据库。因此,使用下面的语句先选择一个数据库,就能看到相应的结果。
mysql> use Tecmint;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> select VERSION(), DATABASE();
+-------------------------+------------+
| VERSION() | DATABASE() |
+-------------------------+------------+
| 5.5.34-0ubuntu0.13.10.1 | tecmint |
+-------------------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
答:使用下面的语句
mysql> SELECT * FROM Tecmint WHERE user !=SAM;
+---------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+
| date | user | host | root | local | size |
+---------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+
| 2001-05-14 14:42:21 | Anthony | venus | barb | venus | 98151 |
| 2001-05-15 08:50:57 | TIM | venus | phil | venus | 978 |
+---------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+
答:当我们使用‘=’号时用‘AND’连接,用‘!=’时用‘OR’连接,下面是‘=’和AND运算符一起用的例子
mysql> SELECT * FROM mail WHERE user = SAM AND root = phil
‘!=’和OR运算符的例子
mysql> SELECT * FROM mail WHERE user != SAM OR root != phil
+---------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+
| date | user | host | root | local | size |
+---------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+
| 2001-05-14 14:42:21 | Anthony | venus | barb | venus | 98151 |
+---------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+-------+
AND和OR在MySQL中被看作连接运算符
答:使用IFNULL()方法能使MySQL中的查询更加精确。IFNULL()方法将会测试它的第一个参数,若不为NULL则返回该参数的值,否则返回第二个参数的值
mysql> SELECT name, IFNULL(id,'Unknown') AS 'id' FROM taxpayer;
+---------+---------+
| name | id |
+---------+---------+
| bernina | 198-48 |
| bertha | Unknown |
| ben | Unknown |
| bill | 475-83 |
+---------+---------+
答:我们需要把LIMIT语句接在ORDER BY语句后使用,以达到上述效果。
mysql> SELECT * FROM name LIMIT 1;
+----+------+------------+-------+----------------------+------+
| id | name | birth | color | foods | cats |
+----+------+------------+-------+----------------------+------+
| 1 | Fred | 1970-04-13 | black | lutefisk,fadge,pizza | 0 |
+----+------+------------+-------+----------------------+------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM profile LIMIT 5;
+----+------+------------+-------+-----------------------+------+
| id | name | birth | color | foods | cats |
+----+------+------------+-------+-----------------------+------+
| 1 | Fred | 1970-04-13 | black | lutefisk,fadge,pizza | 0 |
| 2 | Mort | 1969-09-30 | white | burrito,curry,eggroll | 3 |
| 3 | Brit | 1957-12-01 | red | burrito,curry,pizza | 1 |
| 4 | Carl | 1973-11-02 | red | eggroll,pizza | 4 |
| 5 | Sean | 1963-07-04 | blue | burrito,curry | 5 |
+----+------+------------+-------+-----------------------+------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM profile ORDER BY birth LIMIT 1;
+----+------+------------+-------+----------------+------+
| id | name | birth | color | foods | cats |
+----+------+------------+-------+----------------+------+
| 9 | Dick | 1952-08-20 | green | lutefisk,fadge | 0 |
+----+------+------------+-------+----------------+------+
答:它们都有各自的优点和缺点。考虑到时间因素,我倾向于MySQL。
答:在MySQL中获取当前日期就是如下的SELECT语句这么简单。
mysql> SELECT CURRENT_DATE();
+----------------+
| CURRENT_DATE() |
+----------------+
| 2014-06-17 |
+----------------+
答:我们可以使用’-e’(export)选项来把MySQL表或整个数据库导出到XML文件。当处理大型表的时候我们可能需要手动导出,不过对于小表的话可以直接使用想phpMyAdmin等这样的工具。
mysql -u USER_NAME -xml -e 'SELECT * FROM table_name' > table_name.xml
上面的例子中USER_NAME是数据库的用户名,table_name是待导出为xml文件的表名,table_name.xml是存放数据的xml文件
答:MySQL_pconnect()打开一个持久的数据库连接,这意味着数据库不是在每次页面加载的时候被打开一个新连接,因此我们不能使用MySQL_close()来关闭一个持久的连接。
MySQL_pconnect和MySQL_connect最简要的区别是:
与MySQL_pconnect不同,MySQL_connect在每次页面被加载的时候打开连接,这个连接可以使用MySQL_close()语句来关闭。
答:下面的命令将会显示出‘user’表中所有的索引
mysql> show index from user;
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| user | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | Host | A | NULL | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| user | 0 | PRIMARY | 2 | User | A | 4 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
答:CSV是逗号分隔值(Comma-Separated Values)或也被称为字符分隔值(Character-Separated Values)的缩写。CSV表以纯文本和表格形式来存储数据。
每一条记录都使用特定的分隔符隔开(如逗号,分号,…),并且每条记录都有着顺序相同的列。CSV表最广泛地被用来存储用于导入和导出的电话联系人,并能够用来存储任何类型的纯文本数据。
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