C++: string的大小写转换

C++: string的大小写转换
转载 2014年12月02日 23:23:25 9806
将一个string转换成大写或者小写,是项目中经常需要做的事情,但string类里并没有提供这个方法。自己写个函数来实现,说起来挺简单,但做起来总让人觉得不方便。打个比方:早上起来想吃个汉堡,冰箱里有生牛肉,有面粉,也有微波炉,是可以自己做的,但是实在是太费事,没几个人愿意做。但是,打个电话给肯德基宅急送,10分钟后就有热乎乎的汉堡送上门了,大大节省了时间(时间就是金钱,你可以将时间用在更重要的开发工作上),并且味道也不差,何乐而不为呢?
STL的algorithm库确实给我们提供了这样的便利,使用模板函数transform可以轻松解决这个问题,开发人员只需要提供一个函数对象,例如将char转成大写的toupper函数或者小写的函数tolower函数。

transform原型:
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template < class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class UnaryOperator >  
  OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator first1, InputIterator last1,  
                             OutputIterator result, UnaryOperator op );  

template < class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2,  
           class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperator >  
  OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,  
                             InputIterator2 first2, OutputIterator result,  
                             BinaryOperator binary_op );  
[cpp] view plain copy
template < class InputIterator, class OutputIterator, class UnaryOperator >  
  OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator first1, InputIterator last1,  
                             OutputIterator result, UnaryOperator op );  

template < class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2,  
           class OutputIterator, class BinaryOperator >  
  OutputIterator transform ( InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1,  
                             InputIterator2 first2, OutputIterator result,  
                             BinaryOperator binary_op );  

测试代码:
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#include   
#include   
using namespace std;  

int main()  
{  
    string strA = "[email protected]";  
    string strB = "[email protected]";  
    printf("Before transform:\n");  
    printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());  
    printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());  

    transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::toupper);  
    transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::toupper);  
    printf("After transform to toupper:\n");  
    printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());  
    printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());  

    transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::tolower);  
    transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::tolower);  
    printf("After transform to lower:\n");  
    printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());  
    printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());  
    return 0;  
}  
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#include   
#include   
using namespace std;  

int main()  
{  
    string strA = "[email protected]";  
    string strB = "[email protected]";  
    printf("Before transform:\n");  
    printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());  
    printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());  

    transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::toupper);  
    transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::toupper);  
    printf("After transform to toupper:\n");  
    printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());  
    printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());  

    transform(strA.begin(), strA.end(), strA.begin(), ::tolower);  
    transform(strB.begin(), strB.end(), strB.begin(), ::tolower);  
    printf("After transform to lower:\n");  
    printf("strA:%s \n", strA.c_str());  
    printf("strB:%s \n\n", strB.c_str());  
    return 0;  
}  

运行结果:
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strA:yasaken@126.com   
strB:LURY@LENOVO.com   

After transform to toupper:  
strA:YASAKEN@126.COM   
strB:LURY@LENOVO.COM   

After transform to lower:  
strA:yasaken@126.com   
strB:lury@lenovo.com   
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strA:yasaken@126.com   
strB:LURY@LENOVO.com   

After transform to toupper:  
strA:YASAKEN@126.COM   
strB:LURY@LENOVO.COM   

After transform to lower:  
strA:yasaken@126.com   
strB:lury@lenovo.com   

最后补一句:STL algorithm功能实在是太强劲了,非常推荐。

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