open.locked,expired,EXPIRED(GRACE) ,LOCKED(TIMED) 数据库用户的几个状态
1. open 当前用户是开放的可以使用的.
SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users where username = 'TONGJW';
USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS
------------------------------ --------------------------------
TONGJW OPEN
SQL> conn tongjw
Enter password: *******
Connected.
2. expired 表示用户已经过期, 登录的时候, 如果密码输入正确,系统会提示重新输入密码的.
SQL> conn jfdata/jf
Connected.
SQL> alter user tongjw account unlock;
User altered.
SQL> alter user tongjw password expire;
User altered.
SQL> conn tongjw
Enter password: *******
ERROR:
ORA-28001: the password has expired
Changing password for tongjw
New password: *******
Retype new password: *******
Password changed
Connected.
3. locked 表明当前帐户被锁了, 不可以登录的.
SQL> conn jfdata/jf
Connected.
SQL> alter user tongjw account lock;
User altered.
SQL> conn tongjw
Enter password: *******
ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
expired (grace) 与 locked (timed) 是有系统的profile来进行控制的.
4. expired (grace) 指定一个期限, 到达这个期限的时候,系统会给出一个警告并且允许登录(grace), 如果过了这段期限, 对应的密码就会自动过期, 相当于我们的密码过期提醒.
PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME
PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME
Specify the number of days after the grace period begins during which a warning is issued and login is allowed. If the password is not changed during the grace period, the password expires.
SQL> select username,account_status,profile from dba_users where username = 'TONGJW';
USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS PROFILE
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------
TONGJW OPEN DEFAULT
SQL> create profile test limit
2 password_life_time 5 password_grace_time 5;
Profile created.
SQL> alter user tongjw profile test;
User altered.
SQL> select username,account_status,profile from dba_users where username = 'TONGJW';
USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS PROFILE
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------
TONGJW OPEN TEST
SQL> conn tongjw/playboy
Connected.
SQL> /
这是我们修改系统时间, 将日期往后修改几天
[oracle@TzDbTzcenter2 ]$ su
Password:
[root@TzDbTzcenter2 ]# date
Tue Mar 22 18:42:26 CST 2005
[root@TzDbTzcenter2 ]# date '03281842'
Mon Mar 28 18:42:00 CST 2005
[root@TzDbTzcenter2 ]# exit
[oracle@TzDbTzcenter2 ]$ sqlplus tongjw/tongjw
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Mar 28 18:42:01 2005
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-28002: the password will expire within 5 days
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL> conn jfdata/jf
Connected.
SQL> select username,account_status,profile from dba_users where username = 'TONGJW';
USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS PROFILE
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------
TONGJW EXPIRED(GRACE) TEST
SQL>
再将日期向后修改几天, 我们可以看到此时用户的状态已经改为Expired
[oracle@TzDbTzcenter2 ]$ sqlplus tongjw/tongjw
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Apr 5 18:44:02 2005
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-28001: the password has expired
Changing password for tongjw
New password:
Retype new password:
ERROR:
ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)
Password unchanged
Enter user-name: jfdata/jf
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL> select username,account_status,profile from dba_users where username = 'TONGJW';
USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS PROFILE
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------
TONGJW EXPIRED TEST
5. locked(timed)
PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
Specify the number of days an account will be locked after the specified number of consecutive failed login attempts.
FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
Specify the number of failed attempts to log in to the user account before the account is locked.
设定相关的profile属性^_^.
SQL> alter user tongjw profile default;
User altered.
SQL> drop profile test;
Profile dropped.
SQL> create profile test limit
2 password_lock_time 5 failed_login_attempts 3;
Profile created.
SQL> alter user tongjw profile test;
User altered.
修改系统的时间信息.
[root@TzDbTzcenter2 ]# date
Tue Mar 22 18:55:42 CST 2005
[root@TzDbTzcenter2 ]# date '03281855'
Mon Mar 28 18:55:00 CST 2005
[root@TzDbTzcenter2 ]# exit
[oracle@TzDbTzcenter2 ]$ sqlplus jfdata/jf
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Mar 28 18:55:02 2005
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL> conn tongjw/tongjw
Connected.
SQL> conn tongjw/tongj1
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
SQL> conn tongjw/tongj2
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
SQL> conn tongjw/tongj3
ERROR:
ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied
SQL> conn tongjw/tongj4
ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked
SQL> conn tongjw/tongjw
ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked
SQL> conn jfdata/jf
Connected.
SQL> select username,account_status,profile from dba_users where username = 'TONGJW';
USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS PROFILE
------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------
TONGJW LOCKED(TIMED) TEST