听力-CNN新闻季-美国的食品工业

7.27

如何防止食品源疾病？聚焦美国食品工业。

leafy greens

主角produce:农产品
注意介词：take a look at
大多数人的不常见表达： most folks
leafy green绿色蔬菜
foodborne illness食物中毒主要由contaminated food造成的
FDA( Food and Drug Administration)食品及药品管理局
Seattle西雅图：美国华盛顿的一座港口城市

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insight 与inside容易听错(两句都来自原文)：

• Today we are taking a look at inside the U.S. food supply.
• Our reporter has gone inside some of the America's biggest food companies, seeing what most folks haven't seen before and getting incredible insight as how production affects what's on our plate. ......并对生产如何影响我们盘子里的东西有了不可思议的洞察力。
• insider内部人员

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• 值得记下的一句话Our intensifying love affair with fresh produce is creating problems for farmers, for the environment, and even for our own health.我们对新鲜农产品的日益强烈的热爱，正给农民，环境，甚至我们自己的健康问题带来问题。
• 数据one in six Americans, that's 48 million people, get sick from contaminated food each year, 3000 die. Well, produce is actually responsible for half of the illness.

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菌

• E.coli大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）
• listeria李斯特菌
• salmonella沙门氏菌

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7.28

聚焦美国食品工业，第一站--农场

Salinas Valley：萨利纳斯山谷，美国最肥沃的农业区之一。

• This area is called the Salad Bowl of America.美国沙拉碗
• Its fields produce 60 percent of the leafy greens in the U.S.
• pressure易听成fresher，要根据语境
• romaine长叶莴苣易听成remain

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employee雇工 employer雇主
10-acre占地十英亩
irrigate farmland灌溉农田
dimension方面，尺寸

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词组

• the backbone of ……的支柱
• one head of lettuce一颗生菜
• have no idea of完全不知道
• to the brink到了……的边缘
• in terms of就……而言

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farmers现今遇到的问题

• fighting a drought抗旱
• a labour shortage劳动力短缺
• rising prices of land土地价格上涨
• industrial process is pushed to the brink工业进程已经到了崩溃的边缘
• over-farming a lot of land过度耕种

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7.29

第二站--鲜切蔬菜厂Fresh cut vegetables

由于蔬菜需要冷藏，所以鲜切蔬菜厂的温度保持在34-36 degrees Fahrenheit（华氏温标）
cooler冷却器

蔬菜的经历

• dice，shred or shock切成方块，切成条状或堆成禾束堆
• immediately fall down into the beginning of the wash process. （smart wash system）
• 目的 to kill Gram-negative bacteria革兰氏阴性细菌

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生词

spinach菠菜 eliminate消除 microwave微波炉 setback倒退
end up in最后到了

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• The current assumption is that the food is safe until proven otherwise.目前的假设是除非证明食物是不安全的，否则食物是安全的。

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大肠杆菌或沙氏门菌如何在绿叶蔬菜上生长的

• the most common answer is waste.
• manure（肥料）--animals like rodents（齿类动物）or birds pick it up and carry it--produce fields

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注意

• can和can't
• How does和hands of

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7.30

聚焦美国食品工业，第三站--进口蔬菜

in an appetite for对……的需求

现状

• In many of the outbreaks, it comes from foreign producers.

法案

• Food Safety Modernization Act食品安全现代化法案即FSMA
• 解释

1. the most significant food safety law in 70 years.
2. the bill sets guidelines for how companies should prevent and respond to contamination.

Funding（FDA needs）

• probably minimum 10 times more resources
• ￥170 million more

生词

auditors审计员 accountability责任义务 estimate估计

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7.31

聚焦美国食品工业，第四站--超市

• 在超市里，水果和蔬菜的化学残留物（chemical residues）的
  排行榜

1. the worst culprits罪魁祸首(化学残留物最多的）：
   
   

   berries
   
   
   

   apple
   
   
   

   cucumber
   
   
   

   spinach.jpg
2. fewer deposits（沉淀物）
   
   

   onions.jpg
   
   
   

   Sweet_Corn
   
   
   

   cabbage.jpeg
   
   
   

   Eggplant

3. the cleanist

   
   
   

   avocados.jpg
4. an emerging alternative新兴的选择--hydroponics水培

• 超市里的fish（low in contaminants and high in omega 3s, the good fatty acids低污染物和高欧米茄3，好的脂肪酸）
• 超市里的seafood
  
  

  mackerel鲭鱼.jpg
  
  
  

  shrimp.jpg
  
  
  

  wild salmon野生鲑鱼，三文鱼.jpg
  
  or look for pull caught fish寻找捕捞的鱼
• 超市里的meat
  minimize antibiotics把抗生素降到最低
  如果身在美国，注意买带有这些logo的嘎嘎
  
  logo
  
  但是带有“natural and farm-raised”的话多半是属于marketing scams营销骗局因为他们不告诉消费者其生长环境是horrendous恶劣的还是pristine原始的

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好啦，新闻到这里就结束了，希望学习英语的同学们每次听新闻的时候也不要雁过不留痕，勤做笔记多跟读，你会有不一样的发现。