概述
Thread提供了interrupt方法，中断线程的执行：
- 如果线程堵塞在object.wait、Thread.join和Thread.sleep，将会抛出InterruptedException,同时清除线程的中断状态;
- 如果线程堵塞在java.nio.channels.InterruptibleChannel的IO上，Channel将会被关闭，线程被置为中断状态，并抛出java.nio.channels.ClosedByInterruptException；
- 如果线程堵塞在java.nio.channels.Selector上，线程被置为中断状态，select方法会马上返回，类似调用wakeup的效果；
public void interrupt() {
if (this != Thread.currentThread())
checkAccess();
synchronized (blockerLock) {
Interruptible b = blocker;
if (b != null) {
interrupt0(); // Just to set the interrupt flag
b.interrupt(this);
return;
}
}
interrupt0();
}
源码实现
之前在分析Thread.start的时候曾经提到，JavaThread有三个成员变量:
//用于synchronized同步块和Object.wait()
ParkEvent * _ParkEvent ;
//用于Thread.sleep()
ParkEvent * _SleepEvent ;
//用于unsafe.park()/unpark(),供java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport调用，
//因此它支持了java.util.concurrent的各种锁、条件变量等线程同步操作,是concurrent的实现基础
Parker* _parker;
初步猜测interrupt实现应该与此有关系；
interrupt方法的源码也在jvm.cpp文件:
JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_Interrupt(JNIEnv* env, jobject jthread))
JVMWrapper("JVM_Interrupt");
// Ensure that the C++ Thread and OSThread structures aren't freed before we operate
oop java_thread = JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jthread);
MutexLockerEx ml(thread->threadObj() == java_thread ? NULL : Threads_lock);
// We need to re-resolve the java_thread, since a GC might have happened during the
// acquire of the lock
JavaThread* thr = java_lang_Thread::thread(JNIHandles::resolve_non_null(jthread));
if (thr != NULL) {
Thread::interrupt(thr);
}
JVM_END
JVM_Interrupt对参赛进行了校验，然后直接调用Thread::interrupt:
void Thread::interrupt(Thread* thread) {
trace("interrupt", thread);
debug_only(check_for_dangling_thread_pointer(thread);)
os::interrupt(thread);
}
Thread::interrupt调用os::interrupt方法实现,os::interrupt方法定义在os_linux.cpp:
void os::interrupt(Thread* thread) {
assert(Thread::current() == thread || Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
"possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
//获取系统native线程对象
OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
if (!osthread->interrupted()) {
osthread->set_interrupted(true);
//内存屏障，使osthread的interrupted状态对其它线程立即可见
OrderAccess::fence();
//前文说过，_SleepEvent用于Thread.sleep,线程调用了sleep方法，则通过unpark唤醒
ParkEvent * const slp = thread->_SleepEvent ;
if (slp != NULL) slp->unpark() ;
}
//_parker用于concurrent相关的锁，此处同样通过unpark唤醒
if (thread->is_Java_thread())
((JavaThread*)thread)->parker()->unpark();
//synchronized同步块和Object.wait() 唤醒
ParkEvent * ev = thread->_ParkEvent ;
if (ev != NULL) ev->unpark() ;
}
由此可见，interrupt其实就是通过ParkEvent的unpark方法唤醒对象；另外要注意：
- object.wait、Thread.sleep和Thread.join会抛出InterruptedException并清除中断状态；
- Lock.lock()方法不会响应中断，Lock.lockInterruptibly()方法则会响应中断并抛出异常，区别在于park()等待被唤醒时lock会继续执行park()来等待锁，而 lockInterruptibly会抛出异常；
- synchronized被唤醒后会尝试获取锁，失败则会通过循环继续park()等待，因此实际上是不会被interrupt()中断的;
- 一般情况下，抛出异常时，会清空Thread的interrupt状态，在编程时需要注意；
网络相关的中断
之前的interrupt方法有这么一段：
private volatile Interruptible blocker;
private final Object blockerLock = new Object();
synchronized (blockerLock) {
Interruptible b = blocker;
if (b != null) {
interrupt0(); // Just to set the interrupt flag
b.interrupt(this);
return;
}
}
其中blocker是Thread的成员变量,Thread提供了blockedOn方法可以设置blocker:
void blockedOn(Interruptible b) {
synchronized (blockerLock) {
blocker = b;
}
}
如果一个nio通道实现了InterruptibleChannel接口，就可以响应interrupt()中断，其原理就在InterruptibleChannel接口的抽象实现类AbstractInterruptibleChannel的方法begin()中:
protected final void begin() {
if (interruptor == null) {
interruptor = new Interruptible() {
public void interrupt(Thread target) {
synchronized (closeLock) {
if (!open)
return;
open = false;
interrupted = target;
try {
AbstractInterruptibleChannel.this.implCloseChannel();
} catch (IOException x) { }
}
}};
}
blockedOn(interruptor);//设置当前线程的blocker为interruptor
Thread me = Thread.currentThread();
if (me.isInterrupted())
interruptor.interrupt(me);
}
protected final void end(boolean completed)
throws AsynchronousCloseException
{
blockedOn(null);//设置当前线程的blocker为null
Thread interrupted = this.interrupted;
//如果发生中断，Thread.interrupt方法会调用Interruptible的interrupt方法，
//设置this.interrupted为当前线程
if (interrupted != null && interrupted == Thread.currentThread()) {
interrupted = null;
throw new ClosedByInterruptException();
}
if (!completed && !open)
throw new AsynchronousCloseException();
}
//Class java.nio.channels.Channels.WritableByteChannelImpl
public int write(ByteBuffer src) throws IOException {
......
try {
begin();
out.write(buf, 0, bytesToWrite);
finally {
end(bytesToWrite > 0);
}
......
}
//Class java.nio.channels.Channels.ReadableByteChannelImpl
public int read(ByteBuffer dst) throws IOException {
......
try {
begin();
bytesRead = in.read(buf, 0, bytesToRead);
finally {
end(bytesRead > 0);
}
......
}
以上述代码为例，nio通道的ReadableByteChannel每次执行阻塞方法read()前，都会执行begin()，把Interruptible回调接口注册到当前线程上。当线程中断时，Thread.interrupt()触发回调接口Interruptible关闭io通道,导致read方法返回，最后在finally块中执行end()方法检查中断标记，抛出ClosedByInterruptException;
Selector的实现类似：
//java.nio.channels.spi.AbstractSelector
protected final void begin() {
if (interruptor == null) {
interruptor = new Interruptible() {
public void interrupt(Thread ignore) {
AbstractSelector.this.wakeup();
}};
}
AbstractInterruptibleChannel.blockedOn(interruptor);
Thread me = Thread.currentThread();
if (me.isInterrupted())
interruptor.interrupt(me);
}
protected final void end() {
AbstractInterruptibleChannel.blockedOn(null);
}
//sun.nio.ch.class EPollSelectorImpl
protected int doSelect(long timeout) throws IOException {
......
try {
begin();
pollWrapper.poll(timeout);
} finally {
end();
}
......
}
可以看到当发生中断时会调用wakeup方法唤醒poll方法，但并不会抛出中断异常；