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1. �What would induce a software developer to quit a good job in Silicon Valley and trade California’s sunshine for Toronto’s wintry skies? ‚For Vikram Rangnekar, born in India and educated in America, the triggers were the restrictions placed on immigrant tech workers holding an h-1b visa (starting companies or taking long holidays is discouraged) and what looked like a 20-year wait to get the green card he needed in order to settle down. ƒRising anti-immigrant sentiment under President Donald Trump’s administration did not help.④Two years later he thinks he made the right choice. ⑤“I didn’t want to spend the best years of my life on a restrictive visa.”
第一段以提问的方式设置悬念，然后举出描述个人Vikram Rangnekar 层层解开面纱。先抑后扬的写作方式值得我们学习。
我们来看具体解析
�What would inducea software developer to quit a good job in Silicon Valley and tradeCalifornia’s sunshine for Toronto’s wintry skies?
induce sb to do sth劝诱，诱导〔某人做某事，尤指似乎不明智的事〕
•Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.没有什么能诱使我再投他的票了。
解析：
induce: 指用讲道理来使某人做某事。
persuade: 普通用词，指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。
urge: 语气强，指不断地热情地规劝诱导。
convince: 指凭行动、事实或言语使他人从思想感情上信服。
counsel: 较正式用词，指对一些较重大事情所提出的劝告。有时也用于非正式场合，但仍强调严肃的一面。
coax: 指用好话善意或耐心劝诱、哄骗某人做某事。
Induce还有“ 引起；导致”也是 外刊常出现的词义。近义词：
generate, bring forth, effect, effectuate, set up
•Patients with eating disorders may use drugs to induce vomiting.有进食障碍的病人可能用药物来引起呕吐。
【经济学人】Part of the problem lies in the paradox that, although workers hate attending meetings, they loathe being excluded even more. Nothing is so likely to induce paranoia（引发猜疑） than a department meeting to which you are not invited. To avoid this fear, managers are tempted to invite as many people as might be interested.
Trade这里是动词，交易的意思，补充几个常见的短语搭配
trade at sth 〔股票等〕价格为…，以…交易
trade sth ↔ in (for sth)以〔某物〕折价换购:
•He traded his old car in for a new model.他把旧车折价换购了一辆新款的车。
trade on / upon sth 利用〔某一形势或某人的善良〕
比如说 她喜欢一个人但再别人看来是被人利用了，就可以这样说：
•She doesn’t specialize in drawing clear-cut lessons from this love affair, he is just trading on her good nature.
windry形容词意思是寒冷的; 冬天似的 反义词 summery
英国现实主义奠基人乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）在《鸟儿回旋曲》一文章，描绘了夏日来临，鸟儿换成，河水悠然，丛林清爽的景象。我们就看一下第一节就用到了这个词语，好美的。
now welcome summer with thy sunshine soft/this wintry weather thou will overtake/and drive away the night so long and black/sain valentine thou who art crowned aloft./the little birds are singing for thy sake.
我们来看这一句话的翻译：
什么诱导了一名软件开发者辞去硅谷的好工作，避开阳光明媚的加州而到冰天地冻的多伦多呢？
‚For Vikram Rangnekar, born in India and educated in America, the triggers were the restrictions placed on immigrant tech workers holding an h-1b visa (starting companies or taking long holidays is discouraged) and what looked like a 20-year wait to get the green card he needed in order to settle down.
【长难句解析】
（1）句子主干 the triggers were the restrictions...and what looked like a 20-year wait to get the green card...
(2) For Vikram Rangnekar 介词短语，born in India and educated in America 过去分词短语做后置定语
（3）placed on immigrant tech workers holding an h-1b visa (starting companies or taking long holidays is discouraged) 后置定语修饰restrictions; he needed 修饰the green card
语言解析
be the trigger (point) (for sth)成为引发（某事）的因素
•The hijacking became a trigger point for military action.这次劫持事件成了引发军事行动的导火线。
【经济学人】Moreover, the opening of a halfway decent grocery store is often the trigger for the arrival of other better-class shops in the area, which then spurs a local economic revival.
H-1B visa：美国签证的一种，指:特殊专业人员/临时工作签证Specialty Occupations/ Temporary Worker Visas (H-1B)。H1B签证系美国最主要的工作签证类别，发放给美国公司雇佣的外国籍有专业技能的员工，属于非移民签证的一种。持有H1B签证者可以在美国工作三年，然后可以再延长三年，6年期满后如果签证持有者的身份还没有转化，就必须离开美国。
settles down(尤指因结了婚或买了房而) 安顿下来
•One day I'll want to settle down and have a family.
总有一天我会想安顿下来，成个家。
还有个搭配是settle down to do something安下心来 (做某事)
• He got his coffee, came back and settled down to listen.
他取了咖啡回来安心听了起来。
我们来看一下这句话的翻译：
对于到美国求学的印籍维克拉姆·兰格内卡尔（Vikram Rangnekar）而言，诱因就是美国政府对持有h-1b签证（对创办公司或者长期休假均不适用）技术移民的限制。这样看来，他要等20年拿到绿卡才能在美国定居。
ƒRising anti-immigrant sentiment under President Donald Trump’s administration did not help. ④Two years later he thinks he made the right choice. ⑤“I didn’t want to spend the best years of my life on a restrictive visa.”
anti-immigrant sentiment 反移民情绪
Administration (尤指美国)政府
•Successive administrations have failed to solve the country's economic problems.
一届又一届政府均未能解决这个国家的经济问题。
restrictive /adjective
1. 限制（性）的，约束（性）的;=limiting
•Many members thought the rules were too restrictive.很多会员认为这些规定限制条件太多。
Rising 这个词和growing, increasing ,mounting 有异词同工之效。这里可以翻译为 ： 日益高涨
我们再看一个例句
【经济学人】They did not, for the most part, argue about whether it was morally acceptable to pass a regressive tax reform（累退性税制改革）after years of wage stagnation and rising inequality.
他们大都没有论及在数年的工资停滞和日渐加剧的不平等之后，通过累退性税制改革在道德上是否可以被接受。
我们看一下growing 的用法和例句
【经济学人】Several converging trends explain this. One is growing demand for education beyond the compulsory nine years. In 2011 nearly 25m Chinese were enrolled in senior secondary school (the level feeding into universities), more than twice as many as in 2000. Helped by a rapid increase in recent years in university places, the number of undergraduates has soared. Another trend is growing middle-class wealth: many more Chinese families can now afford to send their children abroad. They prefer a well-rated university overseas to a second-tier option at home.
我们看一下这几句的翻译：
特朗普政府日益高涨的反移民情绪对他来说于事无补。两年之后，维克拉姆认为自己做出了正确的抉择，“我并不想把生命的美好时光浪费在一张有种种限制的签证上”。
2. �People like Mr Rangnekar are part of an exodus of tech workers from Silicon Valley.‚Pushed out by the cost of living as well as by a less welcoming American government, they are being pulled in by countries such as Canada, where tech vacancies are forecast to reach 200,000 by 2020. ƒCanada is gambling that by the time America wakes up to the cost of discouraging immigrants its tech sector will have secured some of the best talent.
第二段是从点到面，对大部分技术工作者来说的两个原因。�they are under pressure on the cost of living as well as American immigration policy ‚加拿大技术人才空缺
语言解析
�People like Mr Rangnekar are part of an exodus of tech workers from Silicon Valley.
exodus /noun
1. 〔大批人同时〕离开; 涌离:
[+ of ]
•A massive exodus of doctors is forcing the government to recruit from abroad.大批医生的离去正迫使政府从国外招聘。
[+ from / to ]
•the exodus from the countryside to the towns in the 19th century19 世纪大批的人离开乡村涌入城市
•I joined the mass exodus for drinks during the interval.幕间休息时我随同大批的人离开座位去喝饮料。
part of sth某物的部分（局部）:
•Part of the money will be spent on a new playground.部分钱款将用于建造新操场。。
part of me / him etc
•Part of me hates him (=I partly hate him).我有点恨他。
(only) part of the story / problem / explanation etc
•Poor working conditions are only part of the problem.恶劣的工作
我们来看这句话的翻译：
大批离开硅谷的科技工作者与维克拉姆有相似的原因。
‚Pushed out by the cost of living as well as by a less welcoming American government, they are being pulled in by countries such as Canada, where tech vacancies are forecast to reach 200,000 by 2020.
【长难句解析】
（1）句子主干是they are being pulled in by countries such as Canada
（2）Pushed out by the cost of living as well as by a less welcoming American government 分词短语，因为同一个主语故省略了they are
(3) where tech vacancies are forecast to reach 200,000 by 2020 这句是where 引导的非限制定语从句
pull sb / sth ↔ in吸引某人/某物
•a publicity stunt to pull in the crowds一个吸引人群的宣传噱头
我们看这句的翻译：
他们面对生活成本压力以及不友善的美国政府，迫于离开美国，涌至像加拿大等极力延揽他们的国家。据预测，到2020年加拿大技术职位空缺将达到20万。
Canada is gamblingthat by the time America wakes up to the cost of discouraging immigrants its tech sector will have secured some of the best talent.
gamble //verb
1.赌博;
•Their religion forbids them to drink or gamble.他们的宗教禁止饮酒和赌博。
[+ on ]
•Jack loves gambling on the horses.杰克喜欢赌马。
2. 投机，冒险，碰运气:
[+ on ]
•They're gambling on Johnson being fit for Saturday's game.他们把赌注押在约翰逊身上，指望星期六的比赛他能够出场。
gamble sth on sth
•Potter gambled everything on his new play being a hit.波特孤注一掷，指望他的新戏会轰动。
gamble that
•She was gambling that he wouldn't read it too carefully.她抱着侥幸的心理，希望他不会看得太仔细。
[+with]
We can't relax our safety standards – we'd be gambling with people's lives.我们不能放松安全标准 — 否则我们就是拿人们的生命来冒险。
•wake 'up to sth意识到；认识到:
He hasn't yet woken up to the seriousness of the situation.
他还没有认识到形势的严重性。
secure sth (for sb / sth)
secure a deal / contract〔尤指经过努力而〕获得，得到
•The company secured a $20 million contract.这家公司争取到了一份二千万美金的合同。
我们看这句话的翻译：
加拿大孤注一掷，指望在美国意识到移民政策带来的高昂代价之前，其科技领域可以留住一些顶尖人才。
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